Official flashcards
1
Q
What French wine region produces more AOC wine than any other?
A
Bordeaux
2
Q
What are the four sub-region designations of the Cotes de Bordeaux AOC?
A
Blaye, Cadillac, Castillon and Francs
3
Q
What is “Crus Artisan”?
A
Boutique wineries of quality in Bordeaux
4
Q
What is the difference between St Emilion Grand Cru and St Emilion Grand Cru Classe?
A
The former is AOC. The latter is a ranking within a classification system.
5
Q
What Medoc AOC is considered the most “California”?
A
St. Julien
6
Q
What Medoc AOC is considered the most “feminine” and perfumed?
A
Margaux AOC
7
Q
What are the four St Emilion satellites?
A
St-George
Lussac
Montagne
Puisseguin
8
Q
What is “Les Landes”?
A
A man-made forest separating Bordeaux from the ocean.
9
Q
Bordeaux’s first vineyard was planted in what sub-region?
A
Graves
10
Q
What style of wine is made in the Medoc?
A
Dry red only
11
Q
What are the three principal rivers of Bordeaux?
A
Gironde, Garonne, Dordogne
12
Q
Where is the wine-producing area of Libournais?
A
Right bank, around the city of Liborne
13
Q
What defines the term “Petit Chateau”?
A
unofficial team for an unclassified property in the Bordeaux region
14
Q
What Bordeau soils are considered “cold”
A
Clay and limestone because they retain moisture
15
Q
What estate is the only Premier Cru Superieur of the 1855 classification?
A
Chateau d’Yquem
16
Q
What style of wine is produced in the Cerons, Barsac and Sauternes AOCs?
A
sweet whites affected by noble rot
17
Q
What are the three primary white grapes in Bordeaux?
A
Semilion, Sauvignon Blanc and Muscadelle
18
Q
What is the main soil type of Bordeaux’s Left Bank?
A
Gravel
19
Q
What contribution did the Dutch make to Bordeaux winemaking in the 1600s?
A
They drained the Medoc peninsula in order to grow grapes for sweet white table wines and for wine to distill into eau de vie
20
Q
What is the main soil type of Bordeaux’s Right Bank?
A
Clay and limestone
21
Q
How are reds from Entre-Deux-Mers labeled?
A
Bordeaux AOC or Bordeaux Superieur AOC
22
Q
How many categories of “growths” were given to red wines in Bordeaux’s 1855 classification?
A
5
23
Q
Cab Sauvignon is a cross between:
A
Sauvignon Blanc and Cabernet Franc
24
Q
A semi-sweet wine from Graves must be labeled as:
A
Graves Superieures AOC
25
Why is Graves suited for sweet wine production?
Damp, foggy mornings followed by warm dry afternoons promote noble rot
26
What style of wine is produced in the Libournais?
all 10 Libournais AOCs are for dry red only
27
What is the climate of Bordeaux?
Maritime
28
What is the primary grape of Entre-Deux-Mers?
Sauvignon Blanc
29
What three Bordeaux winegrowing areas were included in the 1855 Classification?
Medoc (60)
Pessac-Leognan (1)
Sauternes (26)
30
What is "Clairet"?
A semi-red wine made by the Saignee method.
31
What defines Cru Bourgeois?
A list created in 1932 of 444 chateaux from Medoc not included in the 1855 classification. It remains a member-based syndicate.
32
What is the main grape of Bordeaux's Right Bank?
Merlot and Cabernet Franc
33
Why is Malbec seldom planted in Bordeaux today?
The winter freeze of 1956 destroyed most Malbed plantings.
34
What did the 1953 Graves Classification rank?
The wines of 16 estates, rather than the estate themselves.
35
What moderates Bordeaux's climate?
The Gulf stream, Les Landes, and the network of rivers
36
What are the three secondary red grape varieties in Bordeaux?
Malbed, Petit Verdot and Carmenere
37
What style of wine is made under the Entre-Deux-Mers AOC?
dry white only
38
What Right Bank sub-region has a classification system?
St Emilion
39
What style of wine is produced in the Cadillac, Loupiac and Ste-Croix-de-Mont AOCs?
sweet whites affected by noble rot
40
What Bordeaux soils are considered "warm"
Gravel and sand because they radiate heat back to the vine
41
What Bordeaux AOC produces dry whites mainly from Colombard?
Cote de Blaye AOC
42
What French wine region produces more AOC wine than any other?
Bordeaux
43
44
What Languedoc appellation grows Chenin Blanc?
Limoux
45
What grape variety is used in the production of all Languedoc VDN?
Muscat a Petitis Grains Blanc
46
What appellations are located in the Languedoc's "Atlantic corridor"?
Cabardes, Malepere and the Limoux AOCs
47
What Languedoc AOC is particularly known for Syrah-based wines?
Minervois AOC
48
What Languedoc AOC is evenly split between Atlantic and Mediterranean grape varieties?
Cabardes AOC
49
Who discovered mutage?
Arnaud de Villeneuve of Montpellier in 1285
50
What is "mutage"?
The addition of grape spirit to must in order to stop fermentation and obtain a sweet wine.
51
What are the six "cru" appellations of the Languedoc region?
Faugeres, La Clape, Corbieres-Boutenac, Saint Chinian Berlou, St Chinian Roquebrun and Minevois la Liviniere
52
What grape is referred to as the "lip stinger"?
Picpoul Blanc
53
What is the "methode ancestrale" of sparkling winemaking?
Inducing a second fermentation by "waking up" a chilled, partially fermented wine.
54
Cremant de Limoux is based on what grape variety?
Must contain at least 40% Chardonnay
55
What grape is used in the Blanquette Methode Ancestrale AOC?
100% Mauzac
56
How was the impact of phylloxera different in Languedoc compared to other French regions?
The first region to be replanted on American rootstocks and the first to recover.
57
What style of wine is produced in the Limoux AOC?
still reds and whites.
| (new book says sparking too)
58
What Languedoc appellation is based on a minimum 50% merlot?
Malepere
59
What is the "Massif de la Clape"?
A limestone outcrop separating Narbonne from the sea
60
Rolle is a synonym for what other grape variety?
Vermentino
61
What is the largest non-regional AOC in Languedoc in terms of geographic size?
Corbieres (4th largest in France)
62
What is the main grape variety of the Corbieres AOC?
Carignan
63
What other grape is related to Lledoner Pelut?
Grenache
64
What are the four primary red grape varieties of the Languedoc AOCs?
Grenache, Syrah, Mouvedre, Lladoner Pelut
(although carignan and cinsault are popular)
65
What is "Etang de Thau"?
a lake separating the Picpoul de Pinet AOC from the sea
66
What is the oldest sparkling wine in the world?
Blanquette de Limoux. The sparkling phenomenon was discovered by the monks of Saint Hillaire in 1531.
67
What two Languedoc appellations are known for single-varietal wines?
Clairette de Languedoc AOC
Picpoul de Pinet AOC
68
What appellation is nested within the Corbieres AOCs?
Fitou AOC
69
Roussillon is best known for what wine style?
Vins Doux Naturels (VDN)
70
A "bonbonne" is
a large glass jar used for maturing VDN
71
What French wine region boasts the highest number of organic and biodynamic wine producers?
Roussillon
72
What is the main grape variety used to produce red VDN?
Grenache
73
Is Banyuls Grand Cru VDN made reductively or oxidatively?
always oxidized.
74
What style of wine does the Bayuls Grand Cru AOC produce?
Red VDN only
75
What is the climate of Rouosillon?
Mediterranean, with lots of heat and sunshine
76
Banyuls shares the same eliminated area with what other appellation?
Collioure
77
Tourbat is also known as
Malvoisie du Roussilon
78
What are the "crus" of the Cotes du Roussillon Villages AOCs?
Caramany
Latour de France
Tautavel
Lesquerde
79
What IGP is shared jointly between Languedoc and Roussillon?
IGP Pays d'Oc
80
The prevailing north wine in Roussillon is called?
The Tramontane
81
The southernmost appellation in France is
Collioure/Banyuls
82
What AOC is shared jointly between Languedoc and Roussillon?
Languedoc AOC
83
What effect does the Tramontane have on winemaking in Roussillon?
reduce humidity and the risk of vine disease.
84
What style of wine is made in the Maury AOC?
Dry red and red VDN
85
What wine style(s) can be made under the Cotes de Roussillon Villages designation?
Red wines only
86
What wines may be labeled Hors d'Age?
Oxidized VDN aged a minimum of five years
87
What style(s) of wine is/are made in the Colliour AOCs?
Dry red, white and rose
88
Is Muscat de Riversaltes VDN usually made reductively or oxidatively?
almost always reductive
89
What are Roussillon's most important rivers?
Agly, Tet and Tech
90
What are the grape varieties allowed in the Muscat de Riversaltes AOCs?
Muscat a Petit Grains and Muscat d'Alexandrie
91
92
What is the main difference between a wine labeled "Clairette de Die" and a wine labeled "Coteaux de Die"?
Clairette is sparkling and Coteaux is still
93
What is the primary grape of the Rasteau appellation?
Grenache
94
What is the only red grape variety grown in the northern Rhone?
Syrah
95
What three northern Rhone crus permit Viognier?
Cote Rotie
Condrieu
Chateau-Grillet
96
What is the most common style of wine in the Diois?
Sparkling wine.
97
"Oeil de perdix" refers to:
The deep salmon color of Rhone roses made from Grenache and Cinsault (patridge eye)
98
The Dentelles de Montmirail is
A mountain range to the east of the Southern Rhone
99
What Northern Rhone cru occupies a single hill inside another AOCs?
Hemitage
100
101
Define the term "septentrionales"
The Northern Cotes du Rhone
102
What are the three white grapes of the Northern Rhone?
Viognier, Marsanne, and Roussanne
103
What Rhone cru is devoted entirely to the marking rose wine?
Tavel
104
Are Cotes de Rhone villages wines strictly single varietals, or blends or can they be both?
blend composed of at least 50% Grenache
105
Define the term "Meridionales"
The Southern Cotes de Rhone
106
What is the difference between the Beaumes-de-Venis AOC and Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise AOC?
The first is dry red
the second is sweet white VDN
107
What is the climate of the Northern Rhone
Continental
108
Define the term "foundres"
large wooden barrels
109
What is the most common vine training system in the Southern Rhone?
Gobelet
110
What are the main soil types found in the Northern Rhone?
Granite and schist
111
Where is the most Cotes de Rhone produced, in the north or the south?
The south
112
What is the principal grape of Tavel rose?
Grenache
113
What are the two Northern Rhone crus located on the left bank of the river?
Crozes Hermitage
Hermitage
114
What is the climate of the Southern Rhone?
Mediterranean
115
What is the southernmost appellation in the Southern Rhone?
Costieres de Nimes
116
"Rhone Rangers" are
California winemakers making Rhone style blends
117
What is the Mistral
A north wine that blows through the Rhone valley
118
What are galets?
Round river stones or pebbles
119
What is the primary method for making rose wine in the Rhone valley?
Saignee
120
What is the primary grape variety of Clairette de Die?
Must include at least 75% muscat
121
Rhone vineyards are situated between \_\_th and __ parallels north
44 and 45
122
What Rhone appellation was the first to have its zone of production delineated?
du-pape
123
What two Rhone AOCs make VDN?
Rasteau
Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise
124
What is the northernmost cru in the Northern Rhone
Cote-Rotie
125
Can the entire Rhone Valley produce wine under the Cotes du Rhone AOC desingation?
No
126
is Cotes de Rhone villages made in the northern Rhone, in the southern Rhone, or both?
Southern only, 95 villages.
127
Which Northern Rhone cru is known for sparkling wine?
Saint-Peray
128
The term "echelas" refers to
Tipi-like trellasing
129
130
What Jura native created the "Bordeaux Mixture" for treating mildew and pioneered the grafting of French vines onto American rootstock?
Alexis Millardet
131
What two Jura AOCs represent styles of wine rather than geographic locations?
Macvin du Jura AOC
Crement du Jura AOC
132
The main grape used in the production of Cremant du Jura is?
Chardonnay
133
What Jura AOC grows only Savagnin Blanc?
Chateau-Chalon AOC
134
What is Louis Pasteur's contribution to winemaking?
Pasteur discovered that a microbe he named "yeast" is responsible for fermentation
135
What does the term "Sous Voile" signify on a bottle of Jura wine?
The wine has been made with controlled exposure to oxygen, under a surface layer (or veil) of yearst
136
What is the sold grape used in the production of the Jura's Vin Jaune?
Savagnin Blanc
137
What is the largest Jura AOC by volume and geographic size?
Arbois AOC
138
What is the most widely planted grape in Jura?
Chardonnay
139
What was Charles Rouget's contribution to winemaking?
Rouget noted that the same grape variety can be given different names in different places.
140
Which Jura region produces more red wine than white?
The Arbois AOC
141
What three Jura AOCs produce Vin de Paille?
Arbois AOC, L'Etoile AOC and Cotes de Jura AOC
142
What is Macvin du Jura?
Fortified grape must
143
Melon d'Arbois, Melon a Queue Rouge and Gamay Blanc are all synonyms for
Chardonnay
144
What is Ullage?
The headspace in a bottle or barrel
145
What Jura AOC produces only Vin Jaune
Chateau-Chalon AOC
146
What are the five permitted grapes in Jura?
Chardonnay
Savagnin Blanc
Poulsard
Pinot Noir
Trousseau
147
What is the climate of Jura?
semi-continental
148
What is the Jura's Vin de Paille?
A wine made with air-dried grapes
149
What does the "Quille" signify on a bottle of Jura wine?
The wine has been made reductively, with minimum oxygen exposure
150
Does the Jura produce more white or red wine?
White
151
What is a "clavelin"
A 620 ml bottle used in the Jura for Vin Jaune
152
A Vin Jaune labeled "vin de garde" is intended for
cellaring
153
What is the name of the grape indigenous to Jura and known for making "almost-red" wines?
Poulsard
154
155
What are the seven primary grape varieties in Alsace?
Riesling, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, Gewuztraminer, Sylvaner, Muscat
156
T or F? As a result of global climate change, Pinot noir is becoming harder to grow in Alsace.
False.
157
The Sylvaner grape, although grown in Alsace, is believed to be native to \_
Austria
158
In which direction do the best slopes in Alsace face?
south/southeast
159
T or F? In Alsace, Chardonnay is used mainly as a component of a blend.
True, It is used in Cremant d'Alsace
160
Auxerrois Blanc is a cross between
Gouais Blanc and Pinot
161
T or F? In Alsace, Grand Cru wines may be red or white.
False.
162
T or F? Machine harvest is common in Alsace.
False.
163
T or F? Wines in Alsace may be designated AOC, IGP or Vin sans IG.
False. All wines in Alsace are AOC. in 2011, the number of AOCs expanded from 3 to 53.
164
T or F? Alsace is the most northerly wine region in France.
False. Champagne is slightly farther to the north than Alsace.
165
What is the impact of global climate change on the dryness of Alsace wines?
Sugar levels are rising and more off-dry wines are being produced.
166
What red grap is permitted in Alsace?
Pinot Noir
167
What is the difference between Klevner and Klevener?
Klevner: Pinot Blanc, a genetic mutation of Pinot Gris.
Klevener: Savagnin Rose, a secondary grape in Alsace.
168
T or F? Grapes for the Alsace AOC can be sourced from any part of Alsace.
True.
169
What is a "graben"?
A gravel-like trench caused by geologic uplift, then collapse on parallel fault lines. In Alsace, the faulting was followed by erosion, creating a complex network of soil.
170
A former name for Pinot Gris is...
Tokay d'Alsace
171
Zotzenberg is an exceptional Grand Cru vineyard because...
Sylvaner is permitted here.
172
On which bottles of Alsace wine is vintage labeling optional?
Edelzwicker
173
What is the effect of the Vosges Mountains on vineyards in Alsace?
It provides a rain shadow that ensures mainly sunny an dry growing conditions.
174
T or F? Alsace became a part of Germany in 1871.
True. It was annexed after the Franco-Prussian war.
175
What are the two Muscats grown in Alsace?
Muscat a Petits Grains Blanc
Muscat Ottonel
\*the first is higher quality
176
What is the AOC for sparkling wine in Alsace?
Cremant d'Alsace AOC
177
What is the most widely planted grape in Alsace?
Riesling
178
T or F? The AOC approved yields for Alsace are the highest in France.
True. They are generally 80 hl/ha for whites.
179
T or F? A wine labeled "Vendages Tardives" must be affected by noble rot.
False. It is not required.
180
T or F? Chaptalization is common in Alsace.
False. The technique is disappearing as a result of global warming.
181
T or F? Sylvanner is permitted in Alsace Grand Cru wines.
True. Only in Zotzenberg.
182
T or F? A wine labeled "Selections de Grains Nobles" must be made from grapes affected by botrytis.
True. It is a requirement.
183
What is Gentil?
A blend in Alsace that must contain 50 percent of noble white varieties.
184
T or F? It is common for Alsace wine to be aged in new oak and undergo malolactic fermentation.
False.
185
What are the aging requirement of Cremant d'Alsace?
Nine months sur lie, plus 3 months in the cellar. (12 months total)
186
Klevner or Pinot Vrai is more commonly known as
Pinot Blanc
187
T or F? Edelwicker may be a blend of any white grapes approved for Alsace AOC wine.
True
188
T or F? A wine labeled "Alsace AOC" can be still or sparkling.
False. Sparkling wines are labeled "Cremant d'Alsace".
189
T or F? IN Alsace, each Grand Cru has its own separate AOC status.
True. Has been the case since 2011.
190
In which century did Alsace reach its peak of prosperity?
16th (Late Renaissance)
191
T or F? There are 13 soil types in Alsace.
True. The soil in Alsace is quite complex, owing to millions of years of geologic faulting and erosion.
192
What percentage of Alsace wine is white?
90 percent.
193
T or F? Cremant d'Alsace is primarily made from Chardonnay.
False. It is mostly Pinot Blanc, but Chardonnay can be used as well.
194
What are the four secondary white grapes of Alsace?
Chardonnay
Chasselas
Klevener
Auxerrois Blanc
195
What are the four German influences on Alsace wines?
Varietal labeling
flute bottle
Reisling
German phonics
196
What are the four noble white grapes in Alsace?
Riesling
Muscat
Pinot Gris
Gewuztraminer
197
"Tokay d'Alsace" is a former name for
Pinot Gris
198
In an effort to combat phylloxera in Alsace, in the late nineteenth century vignerons were encouraged to ...
plant high yield, low-quality hybrids that could resit the pests
199
T or F? Alsace Grand Cru Altenberg de Bergheim may be blended.
True, It must be 50 percent Riesling.
200
Grand Cru Kaefferkopt, when bottled as a blend, must contain a majority of which grape?
Gewuztraminer
201
T or F? Grass may be planted between rows of vines to increase grape yields.
False. The grass is planted to decrease yields (because grass competes with the vines for nutrients)
202
What is the climate in Alsace?
Continental, with large seasonal and diurnal temperature swings.
203
T or F? Riesling is indigenous to France.
False. It is from Germany (Rhine Valley)
204
Klevener is also known as
Savagnin Rose
205
T or F? Alsace is the only region in France where Riesling is permitted.
False. It is now permitted in IGP Pays d'Oc which can source fruit from Languedoc and Roussillon
206
Savagnin Rose is also known as
Klevener
207
What is a "Blanc de Blancs"?
A white sparkling wine made from white grapes.
208
209
What was the contribution of Veuve Cliquot to Champagne making?
The process of riddling (remuage)
210
What are the three principal grapes of Champagne today?
Pinot Noir (38%
Pinot Meunier (34%)
Chardonnay (28%)
211
What is the meaning of the term "tirage"?
Bottling
212
What was the first Champagne house?
Ruinart (1729)
213
What was Dom Pierre Perigon's most important contribution to Champagne?
Creating the Cuvee(blend) of Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and Pinot Meunier
214
Which Champagne is drier: Brut Nature or Sec?
Brut Nature
215
What does the abbreviation "RC" refer to?
Recoltant-Cooperateur. A grower who sends his/her grapes to a co-op to be made into Champagne, then sells this wine under a private label.
216
What is Champagne's most widely planted grape?
Pinot Noir (38%)
217
What does the abbreviation "NM" refer to?
Negociant-Manipulant. A producer of Champagne who buys grapes from others.
218
Which Champagne region is included in the Kimmeridgian Ring?
The Cote des Bar
219
What is the primary grape of the Vallee de la Marne?
Pinot Meunier
220
What is disgorgement "a la volee"?
The traditional disgorgement of Champagne by hand
221
What is the difference between AOC Coteaux Champenois and AOC Champagne?
AOC Coteaux Champenois is 100% still, while AOC Champagne is 100% sparkling. Both AOCs cover the same area and use the same graps.
222
What is a "Blanc de Noirs"?
A white sparkling wine made from black grapes.
223
What were the two principal grapes of Champagne in the 9th to 16th centuries?
Gouais
Fromenteau
224
How many standard bottles of wine are contained in a Balthazar?
16
225
What is "remuage"?
Riddling, or turning Champagne bottles to collect the lees in the neck.
226
What does the abbreviation "RM" refer to ?
Recoltant-Manipulant. A producer who grows his/her own grapes and makes his/her own champagne.
227
What was Louise Pommery's contribution to Champagne?
She initiated the trend for dry styles of Champagne.
228
Why is Belemite chalk preferred over Micraster chalk?
Because of its location. Belamite is found at the upper to mid-slope, where there is more sun and better water retention.
229
What are the three levels in the Echelle des Crus?
Grand Cru: 100 % (17)
Premier Cru: 90-99% (42 )
Cru: 80-89% (255)
230
What are the three AOCs in Champagne?
Rose des Riceys
Coteaux Champenois
Champagne
231
How many standard bottles of wine are contained in a Magnum?
2
232
What is the primary grape of Vitry-le-Francois?
Chardonnay
233
What is "sur lie" aging?
The aging of wine on dead yeast cells.
234
What is the "liqueur d'expedition"?
The mix of sugar and still reserve wine added to Champagne after disgorgement and before the cork is inserted
235
What are the seven levels of sweetness of Champagne?
From driest to sweetness:
Brut Nature
Extra Brut
Extra-Sec
Sec
Demi-Sec
Doux
236
What is "transversage"
The process of using 750 ml bottles of Champagne to fill large and small format bottles after disgorgement
237
What does the abbreviation "CM" refer to?
Cooprative de Manipulation. A coooperative that makes Champagne using the grapes of its members.
238
How many standard bottles of wine are contained in a Nebucharnezzar?
20
239
What is the primary grape of the Cote des Bar?
Pinot Noir
240
Which Champagne is sweeter? Doux or Demi-Sec?
Doux
241
How many standard bottles of wine are contained in a Jeroboam?
4
242
What is a "gyropalette"?
A metal mechanized rack used for riddling
243
What is a "chaufrette"?
A smudge-pot, or oil-burning device used to prevent grape vines from freezing during a sudden cold snap.
244
What is a "pupitre"?
An a-frame rack used for riddling Champagne bottles.
245
What are the two types of chalk found in Champagne?
Belemite and Micraster
246
What does the term "sur lattes" refer to?
The practice of storing Champagne bottles on horizontal strips of wood
247
What is a "Tete de Cuvee"?
A Champagne house's prestige bottling.
248
What is France's northernmost wine region?
Champagne
249
How many standard bottles of wine are contained in a Rehoboam?
6
250
What are the aging requirements for Champagne (vintage and non vintage)?
Non-vintage: 12 m on lees and 3 months in cellar
Vintage: 12 months on lees + 24 more months in cellar
Cremant: 9 months on lees
251
What are the four principal sub-regions of Champagne?
Montagne and Val de Reims
Vallee de la Marne
Cote des Blancs
Cote des Bar
252
What is "disgorgement"?
The removal of yeast after the second fermentation of sparkling wine made in the Champagne method.
253
What is the meaning of the term "prise de mouse"?
"Seizing of the foam". or the second alcoholic fermentation in the making of Champagne.
254
How many standard bottles of wine are contained in a Methuselah?
8
255
What is the primary grape of the Cote des Blancs?
Chardonnay
256
How many standard bottles of wine are contained in a Salmanazar?
12
257
What is a "crayere"?
Defunt chalk quarries dug by the Romans, now used as wine cellars.
258
What is the primary grape of the Montagne de Reims?
Pinot Noir
259
260
What are the seven climats of the Chablis Grand Cru AOC?
Bourgros, Les Clos, Grenouilles, Blanchot, Les Preuses, Valmur and Vaudesir
261
What was Philip the Bold's contribution to Burgundian winemaking?
He outlawed Gamay in the Cote d'Or
262
What type of soil is preferred by Chardonnay?
Marl
263
What is the primary soil type of the Cote de Nuits?
Limestone and limestone-rich marl
264
What village is home to the Clos de Tart and Clos de la Roche Grand Cru?
Morey-Saint-Denis in the Cote de Nuits
265
For what style of wine is the Chatillonnais best known?
Cremant de Bourgogne (The Chatillonais borders Champagne's Cote de Bar)
266
What is "Marl"?
a mixture of soft limestone and clay
267
What area of Bourgogne is known for Kimmerdgen marl soil?
The Grand and Premier Cru vineyards of Chablis.
268
What are the three AOCs of Chablis?
Chablis Grand Cru, Chablis, Petit Chablis
(Chablis Premier Cru falls under the Chablis AOC)
269
What village is home to the La Tache and Echezeaux Grand Cru?
Vosne-Romanee in the Cote de Nuits
270
What Cote de Nuits village is known for rose production?
Marsannay
271
Does Bourgogne produce more red or white wine?
66% is white
272
What is the difference between Cremant de Bourgogne "Eminent" and "Grand Eminent"?
Eminent: 24 months sur lie.
Grand Eminent: 36 months sur lie, plus 3 months in cellar between disgorgement and release
273
What are the names of the three villages in the Cote de Beaune that share the Corton Grand Cru?
Ladoix Serrigny, Aloxe-Corton and Pernand Vergelesse
274
Where do Premier Crus fit in Bourgogne's quality pyramid?
The Premier Crus are incorporated into the village AOC category as climats
275
What is the northernmost commune in the Cote de Nuits?
Marsannay
276
What Cote Chalonnaise village is known for Cremant de Bourgogne?
Rully
277
What is a "climat"?
A named parcel of land in Bourgogne
278
What style of wine is produced in the Pouilly-Fuisse, Sait-Veran and Vire Clesse AOCs?
Dry white from Chardonnay
279
What Bourgogne commune was once part of Beaujolais?
Saint-Veran in the Maconnais
280
What is the primary soil type of the Chablis and Petit Chablis AOCs?
Portlandian marl
281
What Cote Chalonnaise AOC produces only white wines?
Montagny
282
What two Cote de Beaune villages produce only red wine?
Pommard and Volnay
283
What is the only Grand Cru in the Cote de Beaune for red wines?
Corton Grand Cru (also makes white)
284
What is the primary grape of the Maconnais?
Chardonnay
285
What Grand Cru is shared between Morey-Saint-Denis and Chambolle-Musigny?
Bonnes Mares
286
Gamay is a cross between:
Gouais Blanc x Pinot
287
What type of soil does Pinot Noir prefer?
Limestone and Limestone rich marl
288
What are the two primary grapes of Bourgogne?
Chardonnay and Pinot Noir
289
What is the Cote de Beaune's southernmost village?
Maranges
290
What is the climate of Bourgogne?
semi-continental with Atlantic (maritime) influences in the north and Mediterranean influences in the south
291
What Cote de Nuits Grand Cru is located at the bottom of the slopes?
Clos de Vougeot
292
What two grapes are typically blended to produce Passse-tour-Grains?
Pinot Noir and Gamay
293
What Bourgogne AOC produces wines from Sauvignon Blanc?
The St Bris AOC in the Grand Auxerrois
294
What are the five Bourgogne regions from north to south?
Chablis, Cote de Nuits, Cote de Beaune, Cote Chalonnaise, Maconnais
295
What portion of Bourgogne's famed slope is considered the best for growing high-quality grapes?
mid slope has the ideal amount of topsoils and receives the ideal amount of rain
296
What Bourgogne village makes wines from 100% aligote?
Bouzeron in Cote Chalonnaise
297
What Cote de Nuits villages have no grand crus?
Marsannay, Fixin and Nuits St Georges
298
What is the synonym for Pinot Gris in the Bourgogne?
Pinot Beurot
299
For every 250 foot increase in elevation, the temperature drops by how many degrees?
One
300
What style of wine can be made the Macon-Village AOC
dry white only
301
What is the climate of Chablis?
continental with Atlantic influences
302
What contribution did John the Fearless make to winemaking in Bourgogne?
He convinced Charles VI to establish a fixed zone of production
303
304
Is Beaujolais Nouveau a style of wine or an AOC?
It is a style of wine that can be made under the Beaujolais or Beaujolais Village AOCs
305
What Beaujolais Cru is famous for its soils of "roches pourries" (decomposed schist)?
Morgon AOC
306
What Beaujolais Crus is generally considered the most age-worthy, full bodies and tannic?
Moulin-a-Vent
307
What grape varieties is/are used to produce White Beaujolais AOCs?
100% chardonnay
308
What is the smallest Beaujolais Cru?
Chenas
309
What Beaujolais Cru is considered to be benchmark Beaujolais?
Chiroubles
310
What Beaujolais Crus is known for cornes verts? (blue-green soils)
Brouilly
311
What Beaujolais Cru is considered the most fruity, delicate and floral?
Fleurie
312
What grape is used for the white wine of Beaujolais?
Chardonnay
313
What is the climate of Beaujolais?
Semi-continental with Mediterranean influences
314
What is "arrene" or "gorrhe"?
A sandy, mineral-rich soil found in northern Beaujolais
315
What type of soil is preferred by Gamay?
Granit
316
What Beaujolais Crus is considered to be "the king of Beaujolais"?
Moulin a Vent
317
What soil type generally produces more structured, complex wine in Beaujolais?
Granit and schist
318
Which Burgundian appellations can include grapes grown in Beaujolais?
Coteaux Bourguignons, Bourgogne Rouge, Rose, and Blanc, Bourgogne Pinot Noir, Aligote and Gamay
319
What river divides northern Beaujolais from the south?
The Nizerand
320
What method is generally used to make sparking sweet rose wine in Beaujolais?
Methode Ancestrale
321
Pinoter is a verb used in Beaujolais to describe:
The tendency for Moulin-a-Vent to become Pinot Noir like as it ages
322
What is the northernmost Beaujolais Cru?
Saint Amour
323
What grape varity(ies) is/are used to produce Red Beaujolais AOC?
Must contain at least 85% Gamay. The balance can be Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Chardonnay, Aligote and Melon.
324
What grape is responsible for 98% of the wines in Beaujolais?
Gamay
325
What Beaujolais Cru has the highest elevation and coolest climate?
Chiroubles
326
What Beaujolais cru is the largest in size?
Brouilly
327
What Beaujolais Cru is the newest?
Regnie AOC (1988)
328
What river flows to the east of Beaujolais?
The Saone River
329
When is Beaujolais Nouveau Day?
The third Thursday of November
330
What is the southern-most Beaujolais Cru?
Brouilly
331
What three Beaujolais Crus are regarded as having the greatest aging potential?
Moulin a Vent
Morgon
Chenas
332
333
What is Savoie's most widely planted grape variety?
Jacquere
334
What grape variety is most associated with the Savoie villages of Crepy, Marignan, Marin and Ripaille?
Chasselas
335
336
What are the two most important red grapes of Savoie?
Mondeuse Noir
Gamay
337
What is Savoie's largest wine district?
Chambery
338
What is the climate of Savoie?
Alpine
339
What styles of wine are made in the Vin de Savoie AOC?
red, white, rose or sparkling
340
What style of wine is most associated with the Savoie village of L'Ayze?
Sparking Vin de Savoie
341
What grape variety is most associated with the Savoie villages of Arbin and St Jean de la Porte?
Mondeuse Noire
342
What is a synonym for Roussane in Savoie?
Bergeron
343
The Savoie crus of Apremont and Abymes are found in what wine district?
Chambery
344
What grape varieties is/are used in the Roussette de Savoie AOC?
Altesse
345
What are the primary grape varieties used in the Crement de Savoie AOC?
Jacquere and Altesse
346
What is the primary grape variety used in Vin de Savoie AOC sparkling wine?
Gringet
347
What grape variety is most associated with the Savoie village of Chignin?
Bergeron
348
Does Savoie make more red or white wine?
White wine
349
What grape varity is/are used in the Savoie Seyssel AOC?
Still wines much be 100% Atlesse, sparking wine must include 10% Atlesse, and Molette and Chasselas make up the balance.
350
What Savoie wine district is known for red wine?
Boues Mountain/Combe de Savoie
351
What is Savoie's most widely planted grape variety?
Jacquere
352
What is the principal white grape of the Centre Loire?
Sauvignon Blanc
353
What Centre Loire AOC produces wines from Chasselas?
Pouilly-Sur-Loire
354
How long must Loire Cremant spend aging on its lees?
12 months (vs 9 months in most other French regions)
355
What is "passerillage"?
The technique of allowing grapes to wither and dry on the vine
356
For what style of wine is Saumur best known?
Sparkling
357
What are the three crus of Muscadet Sevre et maine AOC?
Clisson
Gorges
LePallet
358
What defines "Mousseux"?
The term means frothy or bubbly. There are method traditionelle wines with at least 3 atms of pressure.
359
What style of wine is made in the Chaume and Quarts de Chaume AOCs?
sweet, botrytized dessert wines.
360
The term "silex" refers to
Flint soils found in the centre Loire
361
The Pineau de la Loire grape is more commonly known as
Chenin Blanc
362
What is Touraine Noble Joue?
A vin gris made primarily from Pinot Meunier
363
What type of wine is made in the Rose d'Anjou AOCs?
off-dry rose made primarily from Grolleau
364
What Loire sub-region has a wholly continental climate?
The center and upper Loire
365
What three white grapes are grown in the Lower Loire?
Muscadet
Folle Blanche
Pinot Gris
366
What is the difference between Cabernet d'Anjou AOC and Cabernet de Saumur AOC?
Cabernet de Saumur AOC is drier. It can contain a max of 0.7 sugar. Cabernet d'Anjou must contain a minimum of 1% sugar.
367
What are the primary red grapes of the Upper Loire?
Pinot Noir and Gamay
368
What defines "caillottes"?
Little limestone pebbles. one of the three soil types of the Centre Loire
369
What Loire winegrowing region is known for Kimmeridgian limestone?
The Centre Loire
370
What are the three distinct soil types of the Centre Loire?
Terres blanches, caillottes, silex
371
The Gros Plant grape is also known as
Folle Blanche
372
The Muscadet grape is also known as:
Melon de Bourgogne
373
What style of wine is made in the Rose de Loire AOC?
Dry rose made anywhere in the Middle Loire
374
What two Centre Loire AOCs are located on the Cher River?
Quincy and Reuilly
375
Where is Vouvray located?
Touraine (Middle Loire)
376
In which Loire sub-region is the Pays Nantais located?
Lower Loire
377
What is Touraine Primeur?
a wine made from Gamay using semi-carbonic maceration
378
What is a Loire synonym for Cabernet Franc?
Breton
379
Savennieres is best known for
Dry Chenin Blanc, but moelleux an doux versions are also produced.
380
What defines "terres blanches"?
A marl that is rich in oyster fossils, one of the three soil types in the Centre Loire
381
What are the primary grapes of the Sancerre AOC?
Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir
382
What category of Loire sparking wine does not have an aging requirement?
Petillant
383
What style of wine is produced in Layon?
sweet wines affected by noble rot
384
What defines the term "fines bulles"
It translates as "fine bubbles" is a general term for sparkling Loire wines
385
What grape is used to make sweet wine in the Middle Loire?
Chenin blanc
386
What style of wine is made in the Anjou Coteaux de la Loire AOC?
sweet, botrytized dessert wine
387
What area of the Loire has volcanic soils?
The Lower Loire, gneiss dominates the top soils, igneous rocks the sub soils
388
Other than the Loire River, what are the two other primary rivers of the Lower Loire?
Le Sevre Nantaise and La Petite Maine
389
Which Middle Loire AOC is a monopole?
Sauvenieres Coulee de Serrant
390
What style of wine is made in the Vouray AOC?
Dry, off dry and sweet whites from Chenin Blanc
391
What is the primary red grape of Touraine?
Cabernet France
392
Which sweet wine-producing subregion lies within the Anjou zone of production?
Layon
393
What is "tuffeau"?
white chalk interspersed with pockets of clay, gravel, and shale.
394
What Loire wine is frequently aged sur lie?
Muscadet
395
What is the principle grape used for rose production in the Middle Loire?
Grolleau
396
What grape variety is used in the Cour-Cheverny AOC?
Romorantin
397
What is the primary white grape of the Centre Loire?
Sauvignon Blanc
398
What style of wine is made in the Cabernet d'Anjou AOC?
off dry to sweet rose made from both Cabernets
399
What defines "Petillant"?
The term means "fizzy". These are methode traditionelle wines with 1-2.5 Aatms of pressure
400
What style of wine is made in the Bonnezeaux AOC?
sweet, botrytized dessert wines
401
What three AOCs in the Centre Loire make white wine only?
Pouilly Fume
Pouilly Sur Loire
Quincy
402
What are the primary grapes of the Chinon AOC?
Cabernet France and Chenin Blanc
403
What two grapes dominate the Middle Loire?
Chenin Blanc an Cabernet France
404
What style of wine is made in the Coteaux du Layon AOC?
sweet, botrytized dessert wine
405
What style of wine is Coteaux de Saumur AOC?
sweet, botrytized dessert wine
406
What soil type gives wine a unique gunflint/smoky finish?
Silex (flint)
407
The Folle Blanche grape is also known as
Gros Plant
408
What style of wine is made in the Saussignac, Rosette and Monbazillac AOC?
make sweet whites
409
Cot is a synonym for what other grape variety?
Malbec
410
What Southwest sub-region produces wines the closest in style to those of Bordeaux?
Dordogne/Bergerac
411
What is the name of the river that runs through the Cahors AOC?
The Lot
412
The term moelleux refers to:
semi sweet wines made from late harvest grapes with or without botrytis
413
What grape variety is used to make Gaillac Premeur?
Gamay
414
What grape variety is most associated with the Cahors AOC?
Malbec
415
The term Liquoreux refers to
sweet wines made from Botrytized grapes
416
What southwest AOC is located within French Basque country?
Irouleguy AOC
417
In the Southwest, Cabernet France is also known as?
Bouchy
418
What is the name of the river that runs through Gaillac?
The Tarn
419
What is the name of the river that runs through Bergerac?
The Dordogne
420
What three grape varieties are used to make the sweet wines of Sauignac, Rosette and Monbazillac AOC?
Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc and Muscadelle
421
Who invented the micro-oxygenation winemaking technique?
Patrick Ducournau
422
"Methode Gaillacoise" refers to
used in Gaillac to indicate a sparkling wine made using the ancestral method
423
What style of wine is produced in the Jurancon AOC?
White wines based on Gos and Petit Manseng
424
What Southwest growing area lies in a rain shadow?
The Pyrenean foothills
425
What Southwest AOC makes wines mainly from Tannat?
Madiran
426
What wine styles are produced in Cotes de Bergerac?
Red and moelleux white
427
The Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC overlaps with which appellation?
The Madiran AOC
428
What Southwest AOC makes sparkling wine using the ancestral method?
The Gaillac AOC
429
Braucol, Mansoi and Pinenc are all synonyms for what grape variety?
Fer Servadou
430
Where was Micro-oxygenation invented?
The Madiran AOC
431
What Southwest AOC is most associated with the Len de L'el variety?
The Gaillac AOC
432
What AOC within the Dordogne/Bergerac sub-region does not make white wine?
Bergerac (red and rose)
433
What is Provence's smallest AOC by size?
Palette
434
What AOC is responsible for 75% of all wine produced in Provence?
Cotes de Provence AOC
435
What are the two main soil types found in Provence?
Calcerous limestone and quartz-rich schist
436
What Provence AOC is known for wines from Mouvedre?
Bandol
437
What are the four geographic designations of the Cotes de Provence AOCs?
Saint Victoire
Frejus
La Londe
Pierrefeu
438
What Provence AOC produces more red wine than rose?
Les Beau de Provence AOC
439
What Provence AOC is known for organic and biodynamic farming?
Les Baux de Provence AOC
440
Rolle is a synonym for what grape?
Vermentino
441
What is the principal red grape of Bandol AOC?
Mourvedre
442
What is garrigue?
A term used to describe limestone soils and the wild herbs that grown upon it.
443
What is Maquis?
A mix of reinous herbs that grown on schist soils
444
What is the climate of Provence?
Mediterranean, with some continental and/or alpine influence in the north
445
What civilization first planted vines in Provence?
The ancient Phocaens
446
What Provence AOC has a strong alpine influence?
Coteaux de Pierrevert AOC
447
What Provence AOC is known for indigenous grapes like Braquet and Folle Noire?
Bellet AOC
448
What is the Hercynian Trend?
A deformation in the earth's crust responsible for creating the mountains and massifs of Provence and Lenguedoc
449
What is the only AOC in Provence that permits Chardonnay?
Bellet
450
What Provence AOC surrounds the city of Nice?
Bellet
451
What Provence AOC produces mainly white wine?
The Cassis. 70%
452
What is Provence's Cru Classe?
A ranking of 18 estates within the Cotes de Provence AOC
453
What is vin cuit?
A wine produced in Palette AOC by cooking grape must
454
What grapes are allowed in Cotes de Provence AOC red and rose?
must contain at least two of the primary types: Grenache, Syrah, Mourvedre, Cinsault and Tibouren
455
The term "restanques" refers to
Terraced stone walls in vineyard, especially in Bandol
456
Nieulluccio is a synonym for what Italian grape?
Sangiovese
457
Where are Corsica's vineyards located?
The vineyards ring the coastline. The center of the island is a mountainous national park.
458
What is the most widely planted red variety in Corsica?
Nieulluccio
459
What is Corsica's Island-wide IGP?
The IGP LLe de Beaute
460
Sangiovese is known as ___ in Corsica
Nieulluccio
461
What is the most widely planted white grape variety in Corsica?
Vermentino
462
What IGP is shared among the Rhone, Provence and Corsica?
IGP Mediterranee
463
What is the climate of Corsica?
Mediterranean with oceanic and alpine influences
464
Does Corsica produce more AOC or IGP wine?
IGP, just 30% is AOC
465
What is Corsica's largest AOC by volume of production?
Vin de Corse AOC
466
What is Corsica's largest AOC by size?
Vin de Corse, 45% of production
467
Does Corsica produce more red or white
Red
468
Syrah
Dureza x Mondeuse Blanche
469
What grape is used in Cour Cheverny?
Romanrantin
470
Perruchi means
flint/clay
471
aubius means
limestone clay
472
Fer Servadou synonym
Braucol, Mansoi, Pinec
473
Fitou makes what wine
Syrah
474
Entre-Deaux-Mers
Entre-Deaux-Haunt-Benauge
Bordeaux-Haunt-Benauge
dry white
dry white
dry/semi sweet
475
Malbec
Prunlard x Mageleine Noir de Charentes
476
Carmerene
Cab France x Gros Cab
477
Merlot
Cab France x Magdeleine Noir de Charentes
478
Cab France is from what country?
Spain
479
L'Ayze what grape?
gringet
480
Quincy
white wine, sb/sg
481
klevner
pinot blanc
482
Sylvaner
savagnin blanc & ostenreichis weiss
