Jura Flashcards
Where is Jura located
Bourgogne and Switzerland
What is the percentage of Jura wine that are exported
10%
What is Jura built their reputation on ?
white wine designed for long term aging
Famous people: what is Louis Pasteur famous for?
milk pasteurization, anthrax and rabies vaccination, ground breaking work on alcohol fermentation (identified yeast as the key factor)
What is Jura’s role in the Saone graben?
It represents the eastern uplift of the Saone graben
Who first chronicled viticulture in Jura?
Pliny the Elder
What is the wine known for in Jura?
white wine designed for long term aging.
Alexis Arpin
Championed the idea of an appellation of controlled origin for Arbois. His work set the stage for Arbois to be among the first to receive AOC approval in 1936.
Alexis Milardet
botanist and mycologist. The creator of the famou “bouille bordelaise” or “bordeaux Mixture” that was used to combat mildrew.
Together with botanist Jules Emile Planchon, the two pioneered the grafting of French vines onto American rootstock to protect the vines from phylloxera.
Jurrasic limestone explaination
The Jura lay under sea during the late Triassic through the Middle Jurrassic. Over these millennia layers of marl formed as sea creatures died, accumulated and compacted. Eventually the land emerged from the sea and the Saone graben formed.
The graben’s uplifts were separated by the ___.
Bresse plain
A blind valley is a deep narrow valley common to ___ landscape.
limestone
The Jura is sometimes described as a mirror image of the ___
Cote d’Or
How is the soil in Jura different from Cote d’Or?
the base rock in the Cote d’Or is comprised of about 80% limestone and 20% clay
Jura is the opposite.
Different soil types for different grapes.
red marl for ___.
gray/blue marl for ___.
Gravel is good for ___ and ___.
pure limestone with sea fossils are good for ___.
red grapes
Savagnin or Poulsard
Trousseau and Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
What is the climate of Jura?
semi-continental with very cold winter and warm summer.
What are the main white grapes in Jura?
Chardonnay and Savagnin
What are the main red grapes?
Poulsard, Pinot Nior, Trousseau
What are other synonyms of Chardonnay?
Melon d’Arbois, Melon a Queue Rouge and Gamay Blanc.
66% of white grape
42% of total wine acreage
What soil does chardonnay prefer?
limestone
What white grape is good for long lived oxidative wine?
Savagnin
Why is Savagnin good for long aged and long lived oxidative wine?
high acidity
What doe V m Jaume mean?
Yellow wine, refers to long aged and long lived oxidative wine of Savagnin in Jura
What soil does Savognin prefer?
gray/blue marl
What is another name for Poulsard?
Ploussard
What is Poulsard used for in Jura?
pale colored red.
used for rose including the sparkling Cremant de Jura Roe.
Also forms part of the blend for the sweet Vin de Palle
14% of the total area
What is the indigenous grape to Jura?
Poulsard
What soild does Poulsard prefer?
gray/blue marls
Pinot Noir in Jura
pront to frost
13% of the total acreage
grown in the south of the region
What is Pinot Noir mainly used for in Jura?
Making Macin de Jura and Cremant de Jura
occasionally red wine
What are the two grapes that indigenous to Jura
Poulsard
Traousseau
What is Trousseau identical to in Portugal
Bastardo
What soil does Trousseau like?
warm gravel, stony soil, red marl on south-facing slopes
What does Arbois mean
Celtic words
“at” and “bos”
fertile land
Which AOC is among the first to receive AOC in Jura
Arbois AOC
What is the largest AOC in Jura by volume and size?
Arbois
The characteristics of Arbois AOC
one of the first AOCs
largest of Jura wine regions by volume and size
soil is red marl and heavy clay
all five grapes are grown
red dominates atypical, 70% red
Which AOC makes Vin Jaune?
Chateau Chalon
the only wine allowed
How to classify wines that is declassified by Chateau Chalon?
bottled as AOC Cote de Jura Vin Jaune or Cote du Jura Savagnin.
Wine made from grapes other than Savagnin must also be bottled as Cote du Jura
L’Etoile AOC
- clay-limestone marls
- dotted star-shaped “pentacrin” fossils, hence the name (L’Etoile means star)
- Chardonnay most widely planted
- only white wine
Vin de Paille falls into the “white” category even if red grapes are used
Which AOC produces white wine only?
L’Etoile AOC
What is the second largest AOC?
Cotes du Jura AOC
Cote de Jura AOC
- second largest on both size and volume
- White and Cremant are the top
Macvin de Jura AOC
- by adding Marc (1/3 volume) in grape must
- then pressed, aged in cask for a minimum of 10 months
- alcohol level is 16-20%
- the marc is from distilling Jura wine pomace
- mandate 14 months in barrel before it can be used to fortify
- can be both red or white
Cremant de Jura AOC
- popularized when glass bottles were established nearby
- until 1995, sold as mousseux under Jura AOC
- 1/4 of wine production in Jura
- must be harvested by hand
- all 5 grapes are allowed but chardonnay dominates
Requirement for Cuvee for Cremant de Jura
- at least 70% or more of Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and Trousseau
- brut and demi-sec
Rose Cremant de Jura must contain 50% or more of the Pinot Noir, Poulsard or Trousseau
Name all of the different styles of wine in Jura?
dry red, rose, white wine, cremant, Macvin(fortified must), V in Jaune and Vin de Paille, marc and fine (brandy)
Explain “with ullage”
In Jura, due to the tradition of Vin Jaune, some white wines are aged in barrels without topping up. This exposed them to oxygen and allows for a flor-like surface yeast to develop. This is known as “ageing oxidatively” or “with ullage”
Quille
not legally defined by AOC law. It means “topped up” where wine is made reductively with minimum oxegen exposure. Often for wine made from Savagnin
Sous Voile
- Under flor or with ullagy
- most Savagnin made in this way was originally destined to make Vin Jaune
- withdrawn early from the aging process
- experience “controlled oxidation” due to the semi-permeable nature of the surface yeast
- primary byproduct is aldehyde
- aromas of walnut, hazelnut and spice
- typically put the team “tradition: on the label
What is a typical red wine from Jura
light-colored
high acid
low tannin
early drinking
matured only in tank or old, large oak casks
bottled within their first year
What grape is used to produce Vin Jaune?
Savagnin only
Which AOCs make Vin Jaune?
Chateau-Chalon
Arbois
L’Etoile
Cote de Jura
Explain Vin Juane
- transferred to old barrels after fermentation
- not allowed to be topped up for 60 months
- a film or veil developed, ethyl acetate and acid into aldehydes
- “sherried” characteristics
- long aging potential
- may not be bottled until 6 years and 3 months after the vintage
- bottled in an unusaul 620ml bottle - clavelin
What is clavelin?
620ml bottle that is used to bottle Vin Jaune
Vin de Paille (Straw Wine)
- chardonnay, savagnin, poulsard and/or Trousseau
- picked at the start of the harvest
- dried for for a minimum of six weeks
- usually in plastic or wooden boxes
- “paille” means straw an old tradition to dry them on straw
- sweet, at 14-15 percent alochol
- aged at least 18 months in barrel
- may not be released until at least three years after the vintage
True or False: Vin de paille is not an AOC but governed by the AOC rules
true
Vin de France
many Vin de Paille want to bottle them at a lower alcohol level so they are without the stamp of applellation
Which AOCs make Vin De Paille?
cote ju jura, arbois and L’Etoile
How long does Macvin mature
5-20 years and will keep several weeks after opening
How to serve Vin Jaune?
not overly chilled (57-60F), most serve it at room temperature often after several hours in a wide necked decanter. Traditionally served with Comte and sometimes walnuts, Mont d’Or and Morbier also pair nicely.
How to serve Vin de Paille
chilled (43-46), delightful with foie gras, spiced duck breast and blue cheese
How to serve Marvin de Jura
chilled (43-46), aperitif, gingerbread, or drizzle over foie gras or ice cream
