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FWS Exam > Alsace > Flashcards

Alsace Flashcards

1
Q

Alsace brief history

A

5th century: first German invasion
9th century: viticulture rebounded and more than 160 wine-producing villages
Mid-Renaissance (16th century): read its peak of prosperity, part of German principality
Religion war (1618): France became more powerful and gained Alsace
French Revolution (1789): tug war between france and germany, reclaimed by German in 1871. Hybrid planting
End of World War I: returned to France, asked to rip out hybrid planting, but growers couldn’t afford
World War II: Germany occupied again.
1945: Returned to France
1949: Decree published that mandating the removal of all existing hybrid

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2
Q

What are the three grapes that appeared on mid renaissance tax record?

A

traminer, riesling and muscat

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3
Q

What are the unique amalgamation of Alsace?

A

flute bottle, a mixture of French and German nomenclature, wine labeling is in the Germanic tradition, after the grape variety rather than in the French tradition after a place

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4
Q

Where is Alsace in France

A

Northeast

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5
Q

True or False: Alsace is the most northerly wine region

A

False. Champagne even further north

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6
Q

What is Alsace climate

A

continental, hot summer and cold winter, considerable seasonal and diurnal temperature swings.

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7
Q

What mountain protects Alsace from Atlantic influence?

A

Vosges mountains block rain cloud, in its rain shadow

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8
Q

What is the slope direction for Alsace

A

ideally, south and south east to capture optimal sunslight and maximum warmth

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9
Q

Where are the best soils in Alsace

A

slopes of Vosges hills. possible to have good soil at the base to produce good wines

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10
Q

What is graben

A

A grave-like trench whose vertical uplifts, in this instance, include the wine region of Alsace on one side and the wine region of Baden, Germany on the other. Created by the pressure. The Alsace area is called Rhine graben

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11
Q

How many different soil type in Alsace

A

13

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12
Q

How many different primary grapes in Alsace

A

7

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13
Q

What are the primary grapes of Alsace

A

Riesling, Pinot Blanc (Klevner), Gewurztraminer, Pinto Gris, Pinot Noir, Sylvaner, Muscat a Petits Grains Blanc, Musca Ottonel

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14
Q

What is the other name for Pinot Blanc

A

Klevner or Pinot Vrai

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15
Q

What is the percentage of varietal wines in Alsace?

A

80%, if a grape variety is listed on the table, the wine must be 100% varietal.

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16
Q

True or False: I Edelzwicker is a blend.

A

True

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17
Q

What are the four noble grapes in Alsace

A

Riesling, Pinot Gris, Gewurztraminer, Muscat

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18
Q

What is the percentage of noble grapes in Gentil?

A

50% minimum

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19
Q

What are the main difference between Gentil and Edelzwicker?

A

1) Gentil minimum 50% noble grape, Edelzwicker can be any AOC approved white. In Gentil 1) each is vinified separated 2) finished product must undergo panel approval 3) the vintage must appear on the lable. Edelzwicker is vinified together or separate, vintage is optonal

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20
Q

The difference between Klevner and Klevener?

A

Klevner: Pinot Blanc Klevener: Savagnin Rose

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21
Q

True or False: Most cremant are blended products

A

True

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22
Q

Difference bewteen Pinot Blanc and Pinto d’alsace?

A

Pinot Blanc can be 100% pinot blanc or 100% Auxerrois Bland or a blend of both. Pinot a’Alsace can contain: auxerrois blanc, pinot blanc, pinot noir, and pinot gris. No minimum or maximum. Can be made 100% of any of these grapes, but usually a blend.

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23
Q

The facts of Alsace wine industry

A
  1. 80% of alsace wine production is carried out by 175 producers. 2. many are family-owned 3. many of varietal wines 4. 90% of production is wine 5) 75% is consumed in france
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24
Q

When to drink Alsace wine?

A

6 months to 5 years. Riesling has the best aging potential.

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25
Q

What is the viticulture practice in Alsace?

A

organic, biodynamic

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26
Q

What are the four regions who advocate organnic movement?

A

Alsace, Provence, Languedoc, Roussillon

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27
Q

Who is the first biodynamic estate in France

A

In Alsace, Eugene Meyer

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28
Q

The main points for the viticulture in Alsace?

A

1) organic and biodynamic 2) composting 3) frequent use of plow to allow vine roots to grow down deep 4) grass is grown between the rows 5) no uniform harvest time in alsace (sept to november) 6) most of the vineyards and all grand crus are hand-harvested 7) The AOC approved yields for Alsace are the highest in France

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29
Q

Why is alsace wine becoming sweeter?

A

global warming

30
Q

True or False. Alsace dry wine is always not sweet.

A

False. No wine laws governing residula sugar level in any varietals. As of 2008, Rielsing was given a maximum RS level of 0.9% but this ruling doesnt apply to Grand Cru or wines labeled with a lie-dit

31
Q

Winemaking for dry wine in Alsace?

A

stainless steel fermented or large neutral oak casks. cool temperature. don’t spend time in new oak nor undergo malo-lactic fermentation. For wine with ageing potential, fermentation is long and occasionally coupled with sur lie ageing.

Achieve high level of ripenese in the grapes almost every year due to global warming.

32
Q

How is Cremant d’Alsace made?

A

methode trditionnelle.

More than 500 producers making sparkling wine in a tradition dates back to the 19th century.

By law, grapes are hand picked

white varieties musts be whole cluster pressed.

Rose are made exclusively from Pinot Noir and can be made via saignee or maceration.

Must age at least 9 months sur lie (on the lees, in the bottle, after the second fermentation)

can not be released less than one year after the tirage/bottling.

33
Q

VT vs SGN?

A

VT (Vendanges Tardives) , late harvest, made from riesling, pinot gris, muscat or gewurztraminer. Contain considerable residual sugar. Picked by hand late into the season when berries are over ripe. sometimes they are effected by noble rot, but not required.

Selections de Grains Nobles: late harvest wines made from noble grapes, noble rot is a requirement

34
Q

How many subcategories in Alsace AOC?

A
  1. communal and lieux -dit.
35
Q

How many grand crus?

A

51

36
Q

How many total AOCs in Alsace?

A

53

37
Q

True or False: Cremant d’Alsace has its own AOC

A

True

38
Q

What is communal AOCs? How many?

A

wines of heightened character. A higher standard than AOC. Producers can add the name of the commune to the label. There are 13 communes.

39
Q

Lieu-Dit AOC, explain?

A

Higher standard than communal AOC, a name given to a plot of land or vineyard because of its notable and significant expression of terroir. Stringent production standards such as grape varieties, specified vine density, pruning methods and trellising, plus higher grape maturity levels and more restrictive yield.

40
Q

It is the vineyard not the producer who are ranked for grand cru. True or False.

A

True.

41
Q

True or False: Alsace Grand Cru can be white or red.

A

False, White only, mostly the four noble grapes with one exception: zotzenberg (sylvanner)

42
Q

True or False: Alsace Grand Cru can be a blend.

A

True.

43
Q

What are the two blend exceptions to Alsace Grand Cru?

A

Alsace Grand Cru Altenberg de Bergheim(

can be a blend ( at least 50% Reisling)

Alsace Grand Cru Kaefferkopf can be blend as well (60-80% Gewurztraminer)

44
Q

Who started the wine in Alsace?

A

Romans

45
Q

When did a decree was published mandating the removel of all existing hybrid wine?

A

1949.

46
Q

What is the unique amalgamation of Alsace?

A
  1. long flute bottle 2. labeled in the Germanic tradition. after the grape variety, rather than in the French tradition of after a place.
47
Q

What is the climate of Alsace?

A

Continental, diurnal temperature swings.

48
Q

What are the difference between Klevner and Klevener?

A

Klevner (Pinot Blanc) and Klevener (Savagnin Rose)

49
Q

What is most planted grape in Alsace?

A

Riesling

50
Q

What is the wine sweetness desingations for Cremant d’Alsace?

A
51
Q

True or False: There is wine law to guard the sugar level in Alsace.

A

False.

52
Q

What red wine has seen grown in Alsace?

A

Pinot Noir.

53
Q

How many grand cru in Alsace?

A
54
Q

How many AOC in Alsace?

A
  1. 51 are Grance Cru that has its own AOC plus Cremant d’Alsace and Alsace AOC
55
Q

What grape has RS control in Alsace?

A

as of 2008, Riesling was given a max of 0.9% RS control, but this doesnt apply to Grand Cru or wine labeled with a lieu dit.

56
Q

Are there IGP or Vin sans IG made in Alsace?

A

No.

57
Q

Can Alsace AOC pull grapes from anywhere within the region?

A

Yes,. can be white, red, or rose. dry or sweet, a blend or varietal. many boast a special curee on the label

58
Q

True or False: Grand Cru is for white only.

A

True, four noble grapes.

With one exception. Sylvaner is permitted for Grand Cru Zotzenberg

59
Q

What is the only Grand Cru that allows non nobel grape? Which grape?

A

Zotzenbert. Sylvaner

60
Q

Is it required to have single varietal for Grand Cru in Alsace?

A

No, there are exceptions such as Kaefferkopf and Altenbeerg de Bergheim.

61
Q

The difference between the two clones of Savagnin Rose

A

Savagnin Rose is a member of the Traminer family of grapes, and as such is related to both Savagnin Blanc and Gewürztraminer.[2][3] It has a different skin colour than Savagnin Blanc, and does not have the aromatic properties of the much more common Gewürztraminer, which is a musqué mutation of Savagnin Rose, or of a similar red-skinned Traminer variety.

62
Q

What is a formal name for Pinot Gris

A

Toka d’Alsace

63
Q

What re the two Muscats grown in Alsace?

A

Muscat a Petits Grains Blanc

Muscat Ottonel

64
Q

Auxerrois Blanc is a cross between…

A

Gouais Blanc and Pinot

65
Q

In which century did Alsace reach its peak of prosperity?

A

the sixteen centry (Late Renaissance)

66
Q

On which bottles of Alsace wine is vintage labeling optional?

A

Edelzwicker

67
Q

Savagnin Rose is also known as

A

Klevener (not Klevner)

68
Q

The Sylvaner grape, athough grown in Alsace, is believed to be native to

A

Austria

69
Q

The difference between the two Savagnin Rose

A

aromatic - Gewuztraminer

non aromatic - Sauvagnin rose, also known as Klevener in Alsace

70
Q

Klevner vs Klenever

A

FWS Exam (15 decks)

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