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WSET Diploma Study > Southern France > Flashcards

Southern France Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the minimum actual alcohol level for Vin Doux Naturels?

A

15%

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2
Q

Who produces the wine “Clos des Demoiselles”?

What type of wine is it?

What are the grapes?

A

J. Laurens

Cremant de Limoux

Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc and Pinot Noir.

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3
Q

What is the landscape of Provence like?

A

Varied and broken up by many ranges of hills that provide protection from The Mistral.

A variety of different sites, climates and soils

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4
Q

What kind of climate does Grenache vs. Syrah prefer?

A

Grenache enjoys hotter spots Syrah prefers cooler sites

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5
Q

What are the two divisions of Fitou?

What kind of wines do they produce?

A

Fitou Maritime: Near the warm coast producing fuller bodied wines

Fitou Montagneux: Inland at altitude producing lighter wines.

Both are red blends usually dominated by Carignan

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6
Q

Which AOP in Southern France produces the most wine and what kind of wine does it mainly consist of?

A
  • Cotes de Provence AOP
  • Mostly Rosé (>75%)
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7
Q

Fitou is embedded in which larger appellation?

A

Corbieres

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8
Q

What is the southernmost appellation in Continental France?

A

Banyuls AOP

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9
Q

How many geographic deisgnations may append their name to Languedoc AOP?

A

11

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10
Q

How are the styles of Rivesaltes AOP (ambré, grenat, tuilé, rosé, Hors d’Age) different from each other?

A

Ambre / Tuilé: Aged oxidatively for at least 3 years.

Grenat: 100% Grenache noir, aged reductively for one year, and must be bottled before June 30 of the second year.

Rosé: Wines must be bottled no later than December 31 of the year following the harvest.

Hors d’Age: Wines are aged until at least September 1 of the fifth year after harvest.

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11
Q

What is the biggest appellation in Provence?

A

Côtes de Provence

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12
Q

What is the landscape of the Côtes du Rousillon Villages AOP?

What is its climate like?

As a result, what are the characteristics of the wine?

A

Rugged landscape

Warm Mediterranean with bright sunlight, low rainfall and strong winds (Tramontane)

Predominantly red, concentrated wines

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13
Q

Cotes de Provence AOP rosé wines can be dry or off-dry.

True or False?

A

False, they are always dry.

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14
Q

What are the 6 key sub regions of Languedoc?

A

Côtes de Rousillon

Côtes de Rousillon Villages

Minervois

Fitou

Corbieres

Picpoul de Pinet

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15
Q

Put the following cities in order from North to South:

Bellet

Bandol

Pierrevert

Palette

A
  1. Pierrevert
  2. Bellet
  3. Palette
  4. Bandol
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16
Q

What major city is Provence based around?

A

Marseille

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17
Q

What do winemakers increasingly do to soften the tannins of Carignan?

A

Semi Carbonic fermentation

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18
Q

In which region would you find Vin de Pays d’Oc IGP?

A

Languedoc-Roussillon

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19
Q

In Southern France, how do growing conditions differ between inland areas and the coast?

A

Inland: Noticeably cooler, less fertile with well drained soils better suited to quality viticulture

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20
Q

All of the following are sub-zones of Cotes de Provence except:

Sainte-Victoire

Fréjus

La Londe

Lesquerde

Pierrefeu

A

Lesquerde (village in Cotes du Rousillon)

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21
Q

3 indigenous grapes to Corsica?

4 red varieties blended to create generic Vin de Corse wine?

2 white varieties blended to create generic Vin de Corse wine?

A
  • Nielluccio, Sciacarello, Vermentino
  • Neilluccio, Sciacarello, Grenache, Barbarossa
  • Vermentino, Ugni Blanc
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22
Q

Who produces the wine below?

A

Mas de Daumas Gassac

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23
Q

What vin doux naturel is Maury AOP similar in style to?

What grapes are used to make it?

A

Banyuls AOP

Grenache Noir, Gris, Blanc

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24
Q

Which 2 appellations in the Western Languedoc rely heavily on Bordeaux varietals?

Which appellation madates the blending of Mediterranean and Bordeaux varietals?

A

Limoux, Malepere.

Cabardés.

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25
Q

What is the climate like in Picpoul de Pinet?

A

Vineyards located near the coast Providing cooling sea breezes to retain the acidity of the Picpoul grape

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26
Q

In addition to Grenache and Syrah what other 5 black grapes are commonly grown in the South of France and what are they used for?

A

Carignan - Widely grown, high tannin, acidity and deep colour but lacks fruit finesse

Cinsault - Mainly used for Rosé and adding red fruit flavours to red blends

Mourvèdre - Needs heat but adds richness, colour and complexity to blends

Merlot and Cab Sav - significant plantings and used making IGP wines

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27
Q

What wines does Provence predominantly make?

What grapes are they made from?

How do they taste?

A

Mainly Rosés (over 75%)

Made from Grenache, Syrah, Mouvedre and Tibouren.

Very pale in colour, light bodied and dry on the palate with delicate flavours of grapefruit and red fruits

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28
Q

Mas de Daumas Gassac is associated with which wine/vineyard area?

A

Languedoc/Herault

29
Q

Who prodcues the wine below?

A

Domaine Tempier

30
Q

In what year was the Grand Cru Classé classification of the Cotes de Provence AOP?

How many were there originally and how many are there now?

A

1955

Originally 23, now 18

31
Q

What is the style of Bandol red wines and from which grape is it made?

How must it be aged?

A

Premium, dark, full bodied reds with powerful tannins, plummy, dense, animal character.

Made with at least 50% Mourvèdre, can be blended with Grenache, Syrah, Carignan, Cinsault.

Must be aged 18 months in oak prior to release.

32
Q

Where are the vineyards of Minervois located?

Why do vineyards vary in quality?

A

In the foothills of the Massif Central.

Vineyards vary in quality due to differences in altitude, soil quality and exposure to the Tramontane

33
Q

What 4 black grapes form the key ‘quartet’ in Languedoc?

What is their blend similar to?

A

Grenache, Syrah and Mourvèdre (GSM) + Carignan Similar to wines from the Southern Rhone

34
Q

Which of the following is a white grape?

Carignan

Nielluccio

Clairette

Cinsault

A

Clairette

35
Q

What are the 2 main types of traditional method sparkling wine made in Limoux and what grapes are they comprised of?

A

“Blanquette de Limoux” - 90% min. Mauzac

Cremant de Limoux - 20% max. Mauzac and Pinot Noir, mostly Chardonnay and Chenin Blanc.

36
Q

What is the name for the traditional, hourglass-shaped bottle for Provencal rosés?

A

“Skittle” bottle

37
Q

What is the climate like in Corbières?

A

Warm near the coast and cooler inland, at altitude, cooled by the Tramontane

38
Q
  1. Which region is home to Rivesaltes AOP?
  2. What does its name translate to?
  3. What type of wine does it produce?
  4. What are the 4 styles?
A
  1. Roussillon.
  2. “High Rivers” in Catalan.
  3. Vin Doux Naturel.
  4. Ambré, Grenat, Tuilé, and Rosé

(Amber, Red, Tawny, Pink)

39
Q

Who produces the wine below:

A

Domaine de Trevallon

40
Q

Wines labeled Picpoul de Pinet must be 100% Picpoul.

True or False?

A

True

41
Q

What is the predominant grape of Corbieres-Boutenac AOP?

A

Carignan

42
Q

Which Italian grape is Rolle a synonym for?

A

Vermentino

43
Q

Name 4 producers of sparkling wine in the Languedoc

A

Jean-Louis Denois

J. Laurens

Françoise Antech

Domaine Rives-Blanques

44
Q

What is the labeling term for a Rasteau wine that has been left in an open barrel, exposed to the sun and heat in order to madeirize?

A

“Rancio”

45
Q

Banyuls wines that are vintage-dated are labeled as __

A

“Rimage”

46
Q

Which Appellation in Provence focuses on red wines made from Mouvedre and where is it located?

How are the vineyards laid out?

A

Bandol

Located just East of Marseille

South facing terraced vineyards

47
Q

What are the climate characteristics of Southern France?

Name a positive and a risk of the climate

A

Warm Mediterranean

Low rainfall esp in growing season = risk of drought.

Low risk of fungal disease

48
Q

Which of the following is NOT a sub-designation of Vin de Corse AOP?

Calvi

Figari

Porto-Vecchio

Ajaccio

Sarténe

A

Ajaccio

49
Q

What is “mutage” and who is credited with pioneering this technique?

What kind of wines are these and where are they produced?

A

Fortification; adding alcohol to fermenting wine in order stop fortification and create a sweet wine. Pioneered by Arnaud de Villeneuve.

Vin doux Naturel, Roussillon.

50
Q

What is the climate of Limoux like and what still red and white wines are they renowned for?

What is its local variety?

How must white wines be fermented?

A

Located inland, at cooling altitude

Reds are Merlot-based.

Whites are made from (local) Mauzac, Chardonnay and Chenin Blanc.

White wines must be fermented in oak.

51
Q

Which of these is the largest wine producing region in France:

Languedoc-Roussillon, Bordeaux, Rhone Valley?

A

Languedoc-Roussillon

52
Q

There are two noticeable winds in the Southern France, what are they called and where do they blow?

A

To the west the Tramontane blows through the gap between the Massif Central and the Pyrenees To the east the Mistral blows down the Rhone valley

53
Q

What 5 human influences have generally improved the quality of Southern French wines?

A

Investment in modern winemaking equipment

Improved cellar hygiene

Temperature control

Better oxygen management

Also use of new and old oak

54
Q

What are the differences in elevage and assemblage for Banyuls and Banyuls Grand Cru?

A

Banyuls: at least 50% Grenache Noir

Banyuls Grand Cru: at least 75% Grenache Noir and 30 months in barrel.

55
Q

In reference to Rousillon, what are “bonbonnes”?

A

Glass jugs used to age Rivesaltes wine under the sun.

56
Q

Put the following appelations in order from North to South:

Malepere

Limoux

Muscat de Lunel

Saint-Chinian

A
  1. Muscat de Lunel
  2. Saint-Chinian
  3. Malepere
  4. Limoux
57
Q

What are the two best grapes to grow in Southern France warmer regions?

A

Mourvèdre -

Grenache -

58
Q

In which region does Chateau Simone produce wine?

A

Palette AOC

59
Q

How far does the generic ‘Languedoc’ appellation stretch?

How are generic Languedoc wines commonly labelled?

A

From the Spanish border to Nimes

Vin de Pays d’Oc

60
Q

Who makes the wine below?

A

Antoine Arena

61
Q

What grape is Nielluccio a variant of and where is it found?

A

Sangiovese

Corsica

62
Q

In which wine regions are the following cities located?

  • Marseilles
  • Perpignan
  • Montpellier
  • Orange
A
  • Marseilles: Provence
  • Perpignan: Roussillon
  • Montpellier: Languedoc
  • Orange: Southern Rhone Valley
63
Q

Which region is this wine from?

What is the dominant grape used for this producer’s white wine?

Grapes for red?

A

Languedoc

White: Roussanne

Red: Mostly Syrah/Mouvedre

64
Q

Maury AOP allows wines in which 2 styles?

A

Rouge and Vin Doux Naturel

65
Q

What is the dominant red grape in the following appellations?

Limoux

Fitou

Banyuls

Malepére

A

Limoux: Merlot

Fitou: Carignan

Banyuls: Grenache (noir)

Malepere: Malbec/Merlot

66
Q

Match the grapes with the appellation:

a) Nielluccio
b) Clairette
c) Rolle
d) Marsanne
1. Bellet
2. Vin de Corse
3. Bandol
4. Cassis

A

a) Nielluccio / Vin de Corse
b) Clairette / Bandol
c) Rolle / Bellet
d) Marsanne / Cassis

67
Q

Where is Muscat du Cap Corse AOP produced and what type of wine is it?

A

Corsica

Sweet, fortified wine (Vin Doux Naturel)

68
Q

What are the 2 communal appellations of Corsica?

A

Ajaccio AOP and Patrimonio AOP

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