Solids,Liquids,Gases Flashcards
An explanation of how particles in matter behave
Kinetic Theory
The average kinetic energy of particles in the substance
Temperature
The particles are closely packed together
Arranged in some sort of geometric pattern
The particles are vibrating in place
Have shape and definite volume
Solids
Have definite volume
Liquids
Temperature at which a solid begins to liquify
Melting poiny
The amount of energy required to change a substance from a solid to a liquid at the melting point is called
Heat of fusion
Do not have definite shape
Do not have definite volume
Expand to fit their container
Gases
The spreading of particles throughout a given volume until they are uniformly distributed
Diffusion or equilibrium
The temperature at which a liquid starts to become a gas
Boiling poiny
Most common state of matter in the universe
But least common in Earth
Plasma
Examples of Plasma
The sun
Lightning
Stars
Neon Light
Aurora Borealias
An increase in size of a substance when the temperature is increased because the particles get further apart (dumbed down definition I’ll likely need -as temperature rises particles go further apart)
Thermal Expansion
Why is water an exception of thermal expansion?
It freezes with large empty containers so it actually expands
Lack a definite temperature at which they from a solid to a liquid
Amorphous Solids
Start to flow during the melting phase but do not lose their ordered molecular arrangement
Liquid Crystals
The ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it
Buoyancy
The ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it
Buoyancy
Who wrote the principal: the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
Archimedes (Archimedes principal)
Pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid
Pascal (Pascal’s principle)
As the velocity of a fluid increases the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases
Bernoulli’s Principle
Example of Archimedes Principle
Boat
Example of Pascal’s Principle
Hydraulic Press
Example of Bernoulli’s principle
Airplane
The resistance to flow
Viscosity
