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Gail Mastery > Life Science Midterm > Flashcards

Life Science Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Smallest unit of any living thing

A

Cell

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2
Q

Theory we believe; living things can only come from other living things

A

Biogenesis

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3
Q

Science making our lives better

A

Technology

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4
Q

Doing an experiment enough times, or using enough samples so that you can be sure the results are correct

A

Validity

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5
Q

Thing that would change in an experiment

A

Variable

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6
Q

The balance of nature

A

Homeostasis

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7
Q

Any living thing

A

Organism

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8
Q

“Two name naming system”

A

Binomial nomenclature

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9
Q

Things that should stay the same in an experiment

A

Constance

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10
Q

To group according to similar characteristics

A

Classify

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11
Q

List 6 steps of ATWOOD scientific method

A

1.State Problem
2. Collect information
3. Make hypothesis
4. Test hypothesis
5. Analyze data
6. Draw conclusions

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12
Q

3 things all organisms have in common

A

Can reproduce
Grow and develop
Ability to adapt

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13
Q

What do you know about any animal that is the phylum Chordata

A

Has a vertebrae

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14
Q

What do you know about any animal is in class Mammalia

A

It’s a mammal (duh)

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15
Q

What do you know about any animal that is in the order Carnivora

A

It’s a carnivore

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16
Q

Homo sapien=

A

Human

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17
Q

Felis domesticus=

A

Cat

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18
Q

Canus familiarius=

A

Dog

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19
Q

List Seven taxons in order

A

Kingdom
Class
Phylum
Order
Family
Genus
Species

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20
Q

Series of passageways from the nucleus to the other parts of the cell

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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21
Q

E.R. Comes in two types…

A

Rough and smooth

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22
Q

Water-based, jelly-like substance within the cell

A

Cytoplasm

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23
Q

Type of microscope used in our classroom

A

Compound light

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24
Q

Credited with the first good compound microscope

A

Leeuwuenk

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25
Q

Digests old worn out cells and cell parts

A

Lysosomes

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26
Q

Describes a cell with membrane-bound cell structures;has a true nucleus

A

Eukaryotic

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27
Q

Outside of an animal cell

A

Cell membrane

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28
Q

Control center of the cell

A

Nucleus

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29
Q

Green pigment used in photosynthesis

A

Chlorophyll

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30
Q

Container for green pigment

A

Chloroplast

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31
Q

Storage units for food, water, and waste

A

Vacuoles

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32
Q

Provides energy for the cell

A

Mitochondria

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33
Q

Makes protein for the cell

A

Ribosomes

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34
Q

“Packaging plants” for the cell

A

Golgi body

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35
Q

Transfer units for Golgi body

A

Vesicles

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36
Q

Outside of a plant cell; for structure and support

A

Cell wall

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37
Q

Describe the cell with no membrane bound parts; no true nucleus

A

Prokaryotic

38
Q

Collective name for all cell parts

A

Organelles

39
Q

Three parts of cell theory

A
  1. All organelles have one or more cells
  2. cells only come from other cells of the same kind.
  3. cells are the basic unit of organization of living things.
40
Q

How to correctly hold a microscope

A

Hold by the arm and carry by the base

41
Q
  1. Cell =
  2. Tissue=
  3. Organ=
  4. Organ system=
  5. Multicellular organisms
A
  1. The basic unit of life
  2. Group of cells
  3. Groups of tissues
  4. Group of organs
  5. The whole living thing
42
Q

Type of mixture that will not maintain equilibrium; will eventually “fall out” of solution

A

Suspensión

43
Q

All the chemical reactions occurring within an organism

A

Metabolism

44
Q

Organism that can make its own food internally

A

Producer

45
Q

Smallest particle of matter

A

Atom

46
Q

Two or more elements chemically combined

A

Compound

47
Q

Anything that has mass and takes up space

A

Matter

48
Q

Where respiration occurs

A

Mitochondria

49
Q

Two or more elements or substances together, they are not chemically combined, can be separated back out

A

Mixture

50
Q

Pure substance made of only one type of atom

A

Element

51
Q

Causes change

A

Energy

52
Q

Type of mixture, which one substance is dissolved in another

A

Solution

53
Q

For organic compounds important to living things:

A
  1. Carbohydrates.
  2. Lipids
  3. Protein
  4. Nucleic acid.
54
Q

List the three types of passive transport:

A
  1. Facilitated diffusion.
  2. Simple diffusion
  3. Osmosis.
55
Q

List the three types of active transport:

A
  1. endocytosis.
  2. Carrier proteins.
  3. Exocytosis.
56
Q

What is the term that describes are cell membranes?

A

Semi permeable 

57
Q

Chemical equation for photosynthesis

A

CO2 plus H2O plus light equals C6H206+ energy.

58
Q

The chemical equation for respiration

A

C6H1202 equals CO2 plus H2O plus energy

59
Q

Describes a pair of genes that are different

A

Heterozygous

60
Q

Specific characteristics of an organism

A

Traits

61
Q

A gene that is always expressed, it is written with a capital letter

A

Dominant

62
Q

Diagram that shows the probability that offspring will have certain characteristics

A

Punnets square

63
Q

Diagram, showing how characteristics are passed from one generation to the next

A

Pedigree 

64
Q

The passing of traits from one generation to the next

A

Heredity

65
Q

Father of genetics

A

Gregor, Mendel

66
Q

Process that creates specialize sex cells

A

Meiosis

67
Q

Gene that is easily cover it up, always written with a lowercase letter

A

Recessive

68
Q

Describes a pair of genes that are like

A

Homozygous

69
Q

The study of heredity

A

Genetics

70
Q

Describe cells that have half the number of chromosomes found in the body cells

A

Haploid

71
Q

The genetic make up of an individual

A

Genotype

72
Q

Requires genetic information from two parents

A

Sexual reproduction

73
Q

Give an example of a heterozygous genotype, any letter

A

Any letter with a capital letter first and a lowercase following

74
Q

Being colorblind is an example of this

A

Sex linked

75
Q

Hair color, eyecolor, height, color, skin, color, etc. are signs of being…

A

Polygenic

76
Q

Spell what DNA stands for

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

77
Q

The process by which cells replicate themselves

A

Mitosis

78
Q

A small section of DNA that makes a certain proteins, causing a specific trait

A

Gene

79
Q

Two men credited with the current DNA model

A

Watson, Crick

80
Q

Long strands of DNA coil together, can often be easily seen under a microscope

A

Chromosome

81
Q

Describe the shape of the DNA molecule (two strands, twisted)

A

Double helix

82
Q

The process by which DNA makes an exact copy of itself

A

DNA replication

83
Q

Is mitosis a form of sexual or asexual reproduction?

A

Asexual

84
Q

List the four nitrogen bases, matching them appropriately

A

Adenine, thymine
Guanine, cytosine

85
Q

Describes a cell that has half the total number of chromosomes

A

Haploid

86
Q

More scientific name for sex cells

A

Gametes

87
Q

Describe the cell that has the total number of chromosomes

A

Diploid

88
Q

Human diploid number

A

46

89
Q

Human haploid number

A

23 

90
Q

List only the phases of mitosis

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

91
Q

When the cell is at rest, but not really

A

Interphase

Gail Mastery (10 decks)

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