Plants Flashcards
Red, yellow, or orange pigments also used for photosynthesis
Carotenoids
A waxy covering on the plant leaves
Cuticle
Cell walls contain
Cellulose
Two divisions of plant kingdoms
Vascular or no vascular plants
Where photosynthesis typically occurs
Leaves
For covering and protection
Upper and lower epidermis
Small openings in epidermis for water
Stomata
Just below upper epidermis, tall narrow, cells
Palisade layer
Between palisade layer and the lower epidermis
Spongy layers
Above ground, supporting branches
Stems
Special functions of stems
Share food/water, attach plant or climb, help plants spread
Stems can be
Herbaceous or woody
Have vascular tissue in which and dissolved substances can enter the plant
Roots
Stack to make structures called vessels that move water and dissolve substances from the roots of the plant
Xylem
Tubular cells stacked to form “tubes”
Move food from where it’s made to all other parts of the plants
Phloem
Produces in xylem and phloem
Cambium
Vascular plants that produce seeds
- don’t have flowers
- also known as conifers
Gymnosperms
Vascular plants that flowers and has a fruit that contains one or more seeds ( divided into two groups)
Angiosperms
Has one cotyledon, flower parts in multiples of three
Monocot
Two cotyledons
-flower parts are in multiples of 4 or 5
-bundles of veins
Dicots
Complete their life cycle in one year
Annuals
Complete life cycle in two years
Biennials
Plants that come back each year after year
Perennials
Most economically important gymnospore
Conifers
