Meiosis And Sexual Reproduction Flashcards
Heredity
The study of how traits are passed from parent to offspring
Traits
Characteristics
Gene
A section of a chromosome that determines a particular trait
Homologous chromosomes
Two chromosomes containing genes for the same traits
Allele
A version of a trait
Heterozygous/Hybrid
When an individual inherits two alleles that are different they are said to be this
Homozygous/ purebred
When an individual inherits two alleles that are the same they are said to be this one
Phenotype
The physical appearance of an individual
Genotype
The genetic makeup of an individual
Dominant
An allele that will mask or cover other, weaker alleles
Recessive
An allele that will only be expressed in the absence of a dominant trait
Mendelian trait
A trait determined by only one gene
Incomplete dominance
A form of inheritance that occurs when one when one allele is not completely dominant over the other
Co-dominance
When two alleles share dominance and are expressed simultaneously
Sex-linked
A gene that is located on the 23rd pair of chromosomes
Polygenic
Some traits are determined by multiple genes. If so, they are called this
Always written in uppercase
-always shows up
Dominant
Always written in lower case
-often covered up by a dominant gene
Recessive gene
Homozygous dominant=
Pure dominant
Homozygous recessive=
Pure recessive
Have both uppercase and lowercase or art
Heterozygous
Tool that shows the possible combination of genes
Punnet square
Amount of chromosomes in each plant cell? The amount in a plant cell gamete?
32 then 16
How many chromosomes in a horse cell? In a horse gamete
64 and 32