Soils

Question 1

Where are tropical red soils found

Answer 1

In regions with tropical climates where it’s hot and wet

Question 2

Deforestation

Answer 2

Conversion from forest to non forest land

Question 3

Effects of deforestation

Answer 3

Removes source of humus and soil looses fertility

Leaves soil exposed to soil erosion

Question 4

Solution to deforestation

Answer 4

Forest management -> controlled felling and replace trees

Question 5

Name 2 farming methods

Answer 5

Over cropping

Overgrazing

Question 6

Over cropping

Answer 6

Crops continuously grown on land.
Nutrients are removed from soil
Soil becomes exhausted

Question 7

Solution to over cropping

Answer 7

Crop rotation

Question 8

Monoculture

Answer 8

Growth of single cash crop

Question 9

How are soils formed

Answer 9

Climate
Parent material
Vegetation
Living organisms 
Landscape
Time

Question 10

What is the A horizon made up of

Answer 10

It is dark in colour because of lots of humus

Question 11

Subsoil

Answer 11

Another name for the B horizon

Question 12

C horizon

Answer 12

The parent rock. It is made from bedrock and pieces of rock

Question 13

What is leaching

Answer 13

When heavy rainfall washes the mineral, nutrients and humus down into the B horizon

Question 14

Hard pan

Answer 14

When severe leading occurs. The minerals, ect form a cement like soil at the bottom of the A horizon.

Question 15

Where are brown soils formed

Answer 15

Areas of deciduous forest

Question 16

Rain fall for brown soils is

Answer 16

Limited

Question 17

Were would you find brown soils

Answer 17

Dry lowland areas

Question 18

Where are podzol coils formed

Answer 18

Areas covered by coniferous forest

Question 19

What is rainfall like for podzol soils

Answer 19

Heaven = leaching + hardpan

Question 20

Podzol soils are

Answer 20

Infertile and slightly acidic

Question 21

Podzol soils are found in

Answer 21

Upland areas. E.g. Galway

Question 22

What is soil made up of

Answer 22

Air
Water
Mineral matter
Living organisms 
Humus

Question 22

Humus

Answer 22

This is dark decaying organic matter. It is the remains of dead creatures, plants, leaves and grass. Humus provides nutrients to the soil.