Rocks

Question 1

Name the 3 rock groups

Answer 1

Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic

Question 2

How are Igneous rocks formed

Answer 2

As a result of volcanic activity. Hot molten magma cools quickly into solid rock on the earths surface or deep underground

Question 3

How are sedimentary rocks formed

Answer 3

From particles of rocks, dead plants and animals. They were deposited on the bed of the sea or lakes and built up over time to be compressed into layers of solid rock.

Question 4

How are Metamorphic rocks formed

Answer 4

Formed from rocks that already exist. When igneous or sedimentary rocks are changed into harder rocks by great heat or pressure

Question 5

Name an example of igneous rocks

Answer 5

Basalt

Question 6

How is basalt formed

Answer 6

When lava from a volcano cools very quickly on the earths surface forming tiny crystals. It is black in colour and shaped like a hexagon

Question 7

Name an example of basalt rock

Answer 7

Giants causeway

Question 8

Name an example of sedimentary rocks

Answer 8

Limestone

Question 9

Name an example of where limestone is found

Answer 9

Burren, co. Clare

Question 10

What is limestone used for

Answer 10

Making monuments and buildings

Question 11

Name an example of metamorphic rocks

Answer 11

Quartzite

Question 12

Describe quartzite

Answer 12

Is an extremely hard rock mainly made from quartz.it varies in colour from grey to white. It was made from sandstone but was changed by great heat and pressure

Question 13

Name an example of quartzite rock

Answer 13

Sugerloaf

Question 14

What is quartzite used for

Answer 14

Road chipping, sandpaper and watches

Question 15

Denudation

Answer 15

Is the process of wearing away rock or soil by weathering and erosion

Question 16

Name the 2 types of weathering

Answer 16

Mechanical

Chemical

Question 17

Mechanical weathering

Answer 17

Breaks rocks into smaller pieces

Question 18

Chemical weathering

Answer 18

dissolves rocks

Question 19

Name an example of chemical weathering

Answer 19

Carbonation

Question 20

How does carbonation occur

Answer 20

When rainwater mixes with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere forming a weak carbonic acid. This acid reacts with calcium carbonate in the limestone, cashes for the rock to slowly dissolve.

Question 21

Karst landscapes

Answer 21

Areas of exposed limestone

Question 22

Cavern

Answer 22

When a cave is enlarged to a chamber

Question 23

How are stalactites formed

Answer 23

• When water containing calcium carbonate seeps through the rock, some drops hang from the roof of the cave for awhile.
• some of the water evaporates leaving behind tiny deposits of calcium carbonate.
• these droplets build up over thousand of years to form stalactites

Question 24

How are stalagmites formed

Answer 24

• When the droplets of water fall to the floor and evaporate, they also deposit some calcium carbonate.
• these build up over time to form stalagmites