Soil Analysis Flashcards
thin layer of material covering the earth’s surface and is formed from the weathering of rocks
soil
It is made up of mineral particles, organic materials, air, water, and living organisms.
soil
is the edaphic factor of the ecosystem which has physicochemical characteristics.
soil
characteristics describe the type of soil based on the particles present, profile, and moisture content
what characteristics
physical
components consist of the nutrients and trace elements measured.
what characteristic of the soil
chemical
also influences drainage characteristics which affect the transport of the elements.
soil texture
soil is composed of what percent of minerals
45%
soil is composed of what percent of air and water
25 percent
soil is composed of what percent of organic matter
5%
edaphic factor of the ecosystem which has physico-chemical characteristics
soil
hen water saturates the soil and drains, it is known as
gravitational water
. Water that is left in the soil pores is the one used by plants
capillary water
The water that is present in the molecules of water which can be removed only by oven drying is known as
hygroscopic water
Soil has three main size particles consisting of
soil
silt
sand
are less than 0.002 to 0.002 mm in size,
clay
ranges from 0.002 to 0.02 mm in size
silt
particles from 0.02 to 2mm.
sand
topsoil
a horizon
referring to the organic material consisting of litter, humus, and other decomposing material
o horizon
hich is the main site for leaching organic materials
e horizon
which is the accumulation area
b horizon
also known as the subsoil where clay, soluble salts, and leached humus are stored.
b horizon
is composed of disintegrated rocks and other particles from the parent material
c horizon
are composed of huge rock which is the foundation.
r horizon
The three major elements composing the soil are
nitrogen
phosphorus
potassium
Itis the thin layer of material covering the
earth’s surface.
soil
Formed from the weathering of rocks
soil
It is the process of soil, mineral, and
rock decomposition through direct
contact with the atmosphere
weathering
is composed of minerals, organic
material, gases, living organisms, and
water that support plant growth.
soil
factors affecting soil
parent material
climate
biotic factors
topography
time
minerals forming the basis of soil
parent material
influencing soil formation
living organism
affecting the rate of weathering and organic decomposition
climate
grade of slope affecting drainage, erosion, and deposition
topography
influencing soil properties
time
Moisture content
Soil Particles
Soil Texture
Soil Temperature
Soil Profile
what kind of properties
physical
Soil pH
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Potassium
Soil organic matter
what kind of properties
chemical
is the water that is held in the spaces
between soil particles
soil moisture
is the water that is in the upper
10 cm of soil.
surface soil moisture
e is the water that is available
to plants, which is generally considered to be in the
upper 200 cm of soi
root zone soil moisture
e is the proportion of the three sizes of soil
particles that are present and the fineness or
coarseness of soil
soil texture
is a chart that
shows the soil texture class based
on the percentage of sand, silt, and
clay
soil triangle
study soil structure
+1
e can be observed through the direct
observation of the layers or horizons of the soil.
soil profile
rganic materials consisting of
litter, humus, and other decomposing
materials
o horizon
the humus layer
a horizon
serves as the main site for
leaching organic materials
e horizon
the layer present just below the
topsoil and above the bedrock
b horizon
composed of the disintegrated
rocks and other particles from the parent
materials
c horizon
lies just below the
subsoil consisting of stones and broken rocks
r horizon (bedrock)
is the product of on-site
biological decomposition that affects the chemical
and physical properties of the soil and its overall
health
soil organic matter
is a measure of how acidic or basic soils are.
pH levels range from 0 to 14
pH
The optimal pH range
for most plants is between
5.5 and 7.0
provides the nutrition
needed for optimal plant growth.
Plants could not survive without
one of these essential nutrients.
NPK
what does NPK mean
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Potassium
acts in the greens in plants
nitrogen
reaches down to the roots and help produce blooms
phosphorus
promotes all around wellbeing
potassium
moisture content computation
initial weight-dry weight/initial soil weight x 100
read soil texture procedure
+1
organic matter percent computation
initial weight - dry weight / initial soil weight x 100
what indicator is first used in soil pH
CPR
read soil pH procedure
+1
If soil pH is equal to or greater than 6, repeat steps 1-5
using ___ instead of CPR
BTB
If soil pH is less than or equal to 5 repeat steps 1-5
using ____ instead of CPR
BCG
