Post Lab Quiz Flashcards
are dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, alkalinity, hardness, and nutrients
chemical factors
are produced by the phytoplankton or by diffusion from the atmosphere.
dissolved oxygen
roduced due to the leaching of rocks, erosion, and fertilizers and pesticides, wash out.
elements like N, P,K, Ca, Mg, and others
elements can be measured by determining the
total dissolved solids
conductivity
salinity
chemical factors of the lake include
dissolved oxygen
salinity
alkalinity
hardness
nutrients
the amount of oxygen from the atmosphere and
from aquatic plant
dissolved oxygen
Can enter into the system through direct diffusion and as a
by-product of photosynthesis
dissolved oxygen
Removed through respiration and decomposition
dissolved oxygen
It represents the amount of oxygen consumed by
bacteria and other microorganisms while they
decompose organic matter under aerobic (oxygen is
present) conditions at a specified temperature
biochemical oxygen demand
BOD and DO are connected how
inversely proportional
Thus, the more the number of organisms in the water body,
the more/less would be the requirement of dissolved oxygen or
DO in the water body.
more
DO levels can also be affected by other physical conditions such as
elevation
salinity
temperature
turbulence
the amount of oxygen in elevation increases. Since streams get much of their
oxygen from the atmosphere, streams at higher elevations will generally have less oxygen.
elevation
Salty water holds less/more oxygen than fresh water.
less
- cold water holds more/less dissolved oxygen than warm water
more
- more/less turbulence creates more opportunities for oxygen to enter streams
more
It is the quantity of hydrogen (H+ ) ions in the water.
pH
It is the quantity of hydrogen (H+ ) ions
in the water.
pH
0 to 6 is what
acidic
7 pH is what
neutral
8 to 14 is what
basic
pH increases/decreases daily as phytoplankton consume CO2 during photosynthesis, and decreases/increases
at night as they release CO2 during respiration
increases
decreases
Low/High pH can reduce the amount of dissolved inorganic phosphorus and CO2 available for
phytoplankton during photosynthesis
Low
High/Low pH can make the toxic form of ammonia and phosphate rapidly precipitate
High
pH ranges from ____ to ___, but the optimum range is 7.5 -8.5
6.5 to 9
optimum pH range
7.5 to 8.5
slow growth, the organism
’
s ability to maintain its salt balance is affected
and reproduction ceases
what pH
below 6.5
most species die
what pH
below 4.0 and above 11
Everything that is not retained by a filter is considered
___ solids.
dissolved
Includes materials dissolved in the water (bicarbonates, sulfate,
phosphate, nitrate, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and other ions
important for sustaining aquatic life
total dissolved solids
Affected by urban and fertilizer run-off, wastewater effluent, soil
erosion, decaying plants, and geological features in the area
total dissolved solids
can be used as an indicator of
water quality
amount of dissolved solids
A low/high concentration of dissolved solids means potential damage in organisms cells, water turbidity, reduced photosynthetic activity, and increase in temperature
high
It is the quantity of dissolved salt content of the water.
salinity
Compounds like sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate,
potassium nitrate, and sodium bicarbonate dissolve into ions
salinity
used as a substitute for salinity.
electrical conductivity
Because dissolved salts and other inorganic chemicals
conduct electrical current, conductivity decreases/ increases as
salinity increases.
increases
The level of salinity and conductivity in
water can determine the type of
organisms that can thrive in freshwater
what kind of organisms
halophytes
halophiles
It is the limiting nutrient during photosynthesis.
nitrogen
Enters into aquaculture through rainfall, in-situ N2 fixation,
river runoff and diffusion from sediments, uneaten feeds, and fish waste
nitrogen
three types of nitrogen
ammonia
nitrites
nitrates
safest nitrogen for fishes
nitrates
is the initial product of the decompostion of
nitrogenous organic wastes and respiration.
ammonia
its toxicity is directly correlated with
temperature and pH
ammonia
These are completed through nitrification done by
aerobic, gram-negative, chemoautotrophic bacteria
found naturally in the system.
nitrites
High nitrite concentrations are/are not commonly found.
are not
If high levels occur, it may lead to
____ due to the
deactivation of hemoglobin in fish blood (brown blood
disease)
hypoxia
is formed through nitrification process (i.e.
oxidation of NO2 into NO3 by the action of aerobic
bacteria.
nitrates
Stable, highly soluble in water, least toxic
nitrates
Another limiting factor in plants
phosphorus
High levels can lead to osmoregulation, oxygen transport,
eutrophication, and algal bloom
nitrates
In bodies of water, it typically exists in the form
of phosphates.
phosphorus
High levels can lead to osmoregulation, oxygen transport,
eutrophication, and algal bloom.
phosphorus
It is the measure of the quantity of divalent (salts with
2 positive charges) ions such as calcium, magnesium
and/or iron in water
hardness
is a general term that indicates the total
quantity of divalent salts present and does not specifically
identify whether calcium, magnesium, and/or some other
divalent ions are causing water hardness
calcium carbonate
Itis the overall level of biological
productivity within a lake and is a
key characteristic of water quality.
trophic status
trophic status is determined by
Concentration of phytoplankton biomass (chl-a)
Concentration of growth-limiting nutrients
Transparency of water
study the nutrient enrichment table
+1
contain low levels of phosphorus and usually support limited biological
production (that is, low algal biomass) and thus low concentrations of chl-a
oligotrophic lakes
s have moderate levels of phosphorus and support greater biological
production and chl-a. These lakes have moderate water clarity
mesotrophic lakes
have even greater concentrations of phosphorus and chl-a
eutrophic lakes
have concentrations of phosphorus and chl-a beyond even that of
eutrophic lakes.
hypereutrophic lakes
