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Environmental Biology and Ecology > Post Lab Quiz > Flashcards

Post Lab Quiz Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

are dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, alkalinity, hardness, and nutrients

A

chemical factors

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2
Q

are produced by the phytoplankton or by diffusion from the atmosphere.

A

dissolved oxygen

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3
Q

roduced due to the leaching of rocks, erosion, and fertilizers and pesticides, wash out.

A

elements like N, P,K, Ca, Mg, and others

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4
Q

elements can be measured by determining the

A

total dissolved solids
conductivity
salinity

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5
Q

chemical factors of the lake include

A

dissolved oxygen
salinity
alkalinity
hardness
nutrients

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6
Q

the amount of oxygen from the atmosphere and
from aquatic plant

A

dissolved oxygen

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7
Q

Can enter into the system through direct diffusion and as a
by-product of photosynthesis

A

dissolved oxygen

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8
Q

Removed through respiration and decomposition

A

dissolved oxygen

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9
Q

It represents the amount of oxygen consumed by
bacteria and other microorganisms while they
decompose organic matter under aerobic (oxygen is
present) conditions at a specified temperature

A

biochemical oxygen demand

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10
Q

BOD and DO are connected how

A

inversely proportional

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11
Q

Thus, the more the number of organisms in the water body,
the more/less would be the requirement of dissolved oxygen or
DO in the water body.

A

more

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12
Q

DO levels can also be affected by other physical conditions such as

A

elevation
salinity
temperature
turbulence

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13
Q

the amount of oxygen in elevation increases. Since streams get much of their
oxygen from the atmosphere, streams at higher elevations will generally have less oxygen.

A

elevation

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14
Q

Salty water holds less/more oxygen than fresh water.

A

less

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15
Q
  • cold water holds more/less dissolved oxygen than warm water
A

more

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16
Q
  • more/less turbulence creates more opportunities for oxygen to enter streams
A

more

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17
Q

It is the quantity of hydrogen (H+ ) ions in the water.

A

pH

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18
Q

It is the quantity of hydrogen (H+ ) ions
in the water.

A

pH

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19
Q

0 to 6 is what

A

acidic

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20
Q

7 pH is what

A

neutral

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21
Q

8 to 14 is what

A

basic

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22
Q

pH increases/decreases daily as phytoplankton consume CO2 during photosynthesis, and decreases/increases
at night as they release CO2 during respiration

A

increases
decreases

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23
Q

Low/High pH can reduce the amount of dissolved inorganic phosphorus and CO2 available for
phytoplankton during photosynthesis

A

Low

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24
Q

High/Low pH can make the toxic form of ammonia and phosphate rapidly precipitate

A

High

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25
Q

pH ranges from ____ to ___, but the optimum range is 7.5 -8.5

A

6.5 to 9

26
Q

optimum pH range

A

7.5 to 8.5

27
Q

slow growth, the organism
’
s ability to maintain its salt balance is affected
and reproduction ceases

what pH

A

below 6.5

28
Q

most species die

what pH

A

below 4.0 and above 11

29
Q

Everything that is not retained by a filter is considered
___ solids.

A

dissolved

30
Q

Includes materials dissolved in the water (bicarbonates, sulfate,
phosphate, nitrate, calcium, magnesium, sodium, and other ions
important for sustaining aquatic life

A

total dissolved solids

31
Q

Affected by urban and fertilizer run-off, wastewater effluent, soil
erosion, decaying plants, and geological features in the area

A

total dissolved solids

32
Q

can be used as an indicator of
water quality

A

amount of dissolved solids

33
Q

A low/high concentration of dissolved solids means potential damage in organisms cells, water turbidity, reduced photosynthetic activity, and increase in temperature

A

high

34
Q

It is the quantity of dissolved salt content of the water.

A

salinity

35
Q

Compounds like sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate,
potassium nitrate, and sodium bicarbonate dissolve into ions

A

salinity

36
Q

used as a substitute for salinity.

A

electrical conductivity

37
Q

Because dissolved salts and other inorganic chemicals
conduct electrical current, conductivity decreases/ increases as
salinity increases.

A

increases

38
Q

The level of salinity and conductivity in
water can determine the type of
organisms that can thrive in freshwater

what kind of organisms

A

halophytes
halophiles

39
Q

It is the limiting nutrient during photosynthesis.

A

nitrogen

40
Q

Enters into aquaculture through rainfall, in-situ N2 fixation,
river runoff and diffusion from sediments, uneaten feeds, and fish waste

A

nitrogen

41
Q

three types of nitrogen

A

ammonia
nitrites
nitrates

42
Q

safest nitrogen for fishes

A

nitrates

43
Q

is the initial product of the decompostion of
nitrogenous organic wastes and respiration.

A

ammonia

44
Q

its toxicity is directly correlated with
temperature and pH

A

ammonia

45
Q

These are completed through nitrification done by
aerobic, gram-negative, chemoautotrophic bacteria
found naturally in the system.

A

nitrites

46
Q

High nitrite concentrations are/are not commonly found.

A

are not

47
Q

If high levels occur, it may lead to
____ due to the
deactivation of hemoglobin in fish blood (brown blood
disease)

A

hypoxia

48
Q

is formed through nitrification process (i.e.
oxidation of NO2 into NO3 by the action of aerobic
bacteria.

A

nitrates

49
Q

Stable, highly soluble in water, least toxic

A

nitrates

50
Q

Another limiting factor in plants

A

phosphorus

50
Q

High levels can lead to osmoregulation, oxygen transport,
eutrophication, and algal bloom

A

nitrates

51
Q

In bodies of water, it typically exists in the form
of phosphates.

A

phosphorus

52
Q

High levels can lead to osmoregulation, oxygen transport,
eutrophication, and algal bloom.

A

phosphorus

53
Q

It is the measure of the quantity of divalent (salts with
2 positive charges) ions such as calcium, magnesium
and/or iron in water

A

hardness

54
Q

is a general term that indicates the total
quantity of divalent salts present and does not specifically
identify whether calcium, magnesium, and/or some other
divalent ions are causing water hardness

A

calcium carbonate

55
Q

Itis the overall level of biological
productivity within a lake and is a
key characteristic of water quality.

A

trophic status

56
Q

trophic status is determined by

A

Concentration of phytoplankton biomass (chl-a)
Concentration of growth-limiting nutrients
Transparency of water

57
Q

study the nutrient enrichment table

A

+1

58
Q

contain low levels of phosphorus and usually support limited biological
production (that is, low algal biomass) and thus low concentrations of chl-a

A

oligotrophic lakes

59
Q

s have moderate levels of phosphorus and support greater biological
production and chl-a. These lakes have moderate water clarity

A

mesotrophic lakes

60
Q

have even greater concentrations of phosphorus and chl-a

A

eutrophic lakes

61
Q

have concentrations of phosphorus and chl-a beyond even that of
eutrophic lakes.

A

hypereutrophic lakes

Environmental Biology and Ecology (15 decks)

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