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flashcards > sociology chapter 8&9 vocabulary > Flashcards

sociology chapter 8&9 vocabulary Flashcards

0
Q

Ethnic group

A

Is a category of of people who as a result of their shared cultural heritage, are regarded as being socially distinct

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1
Q

Race

A

Is a category of people who are regarded a socially distinct because they share genetically transmitted physical characteristics

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2
Q

Genocide

A

Is the extermination of entire populations

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3
Q

Minority group

A

Refers to people whose physical appearance or cultural practices are unlike those of the dominant group, making them susceptible to different and unequal treatment

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4
Q

Prejudice

A

Is an irrational, inflexible attitude toward an entire category of people (attitude)

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5
Q

Discrimination

A

Is unequal treatment to people on the grounds of their group membership (action)

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6
Q

Individual Discrimination

A

Is the negative treatment of one person by another

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7
Q

Institution Discrimination

A

Refers to unequal treatment on the grounds of group membership, that is entrenched in social customs

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8
Q

Theory

A

Is a statement that organizes a set o concepts in a meaningful way, by explaining the relationships among them

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9
Q

Relative Deprivation

A

Is a lack of resources or rewards in ones standard of living, in comparison with those of others in the society

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10
Q

Absolute Deprivation

A

Is the inability to afford minimal standards of food, clothing, shelter, and health care

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11
Q

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

A

Is a prediction that’s leads to behavior that makes the prediction come true

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12
Q

Genocide

A

The dominant group tires to destroy the minority

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13
Q

Popular transfer

A

Te dominant group expels the minority

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14
Q

Internal Colonialism

A

The dominant group exploits the minority

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15
Q

Segregation

A

The dominant group structures the social institutions to maintain minimal contact with the minority

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16
Q

Assimilation

A

The dominant group absorbs the minority

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17
Q

Multiculturalism

A

The dominant group encourages racial and ethnic variation; when finally successful, there is no longer a dominant group

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18
Q

Power elite

A

Those who make the big decisions in the US

-they are behind government decisions

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19
Q

Power elite

A

They also include foreign and domestic policy

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20
Q

Power

A

The ability to get your own own way in spite of opposition

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21
Q

Power

A

This usually lies in the hands of the hands of the wealthy

It’s unequally shared in the u.s.

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22
Q

Social class

A

A form of social structure: a large group of people who rank closely to one another in terms of property, power, and prestige

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23
Q

Social stratification

A

Structures inequality among entire social rewards who have different access to social rewards as a result of their status of hierarchy

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24
Q

Assets & Income

A

The two components of wealthy

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25
Q

Property

A

Assets

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26
Q

Income

A

Earnings, salaries, and wages

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27
Q

Prestige

A

Status

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28
Q

Prestige

A

Only shopping at expensive stores

29
Q

Status inconcity

A

Poor but high class, rich but low class

30
Q

Karl Marx

A

This man though about status inconsisty

31
Q

Stress

A

Death/mortality rates are high in lower class

32
Q

Mental health

A

This is in lower classes

33
Q

Mental health

A

This is higher classes have more ways to cope with those issues

34
Q

Social mobility

A

Refers to the movement of individual from one social class to another—open system

35
Q

Vertical mobility

A

Change in an individuals status as he/she moves up or down

36
Q

Vertical mobility

A

Promotion; meat dep. to manager

Promotion; sent back to minor league from upper league

37
Q

Horizontal

A

Where a person stays on the same level (social plane) but changes status

38
Q

Intergeneration mobility

A

Same social mobility which takes place between generations- requires 2 gens

39
Q

Intragenerational mobility

A

Takes place with the same generation

40
Q

Intergenerational mobility

A

Taxi driver daughter becomes physician

41
Q

Intragenerational mobility

A

5 brothers get jobs at car factory, 5th one becomes a professor

42
Q

Exchange mobility

A

Openings are created at the top by downward mobility

43
Q

Exchange mobility

A

Million working class people are trained then promoted to higher level; but at the same time raw material sellers don’t want to sell; so another one million will have to go down

44
Q

Poverty

A

Every year government computes a dollar amount called the poverty line

45
Q

Factors that make likely good to be poor

A

Southern states in U.S have higher poverty rates

Also depends on ethnicity

46
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

.

47
Q

Pluralistic Society

A

Has fm different races & ethnicity

48
Q

Ethnic work

A

Try to keep their culture alive

49
Q

Pluralistic society

A

Has dominant groups, and dominant minority groups

50
Q

Dominant groups

A

Control economic resource

51
Q

Dominant minority groups

A

Has reduced access to the resources

52
Q

Racism

A

People believing that one race is superior to another (ethnocentrism)

53
Q

Frustration theory of prejudice

A

.

54
Q

Frustration theory of prejudice

A

Frustrated because of deprivation

55
Q

Scapegoat theory

A

Believes that society is the reason for their failure

56
Q

Authoritarian personality theory

A

By IW Adorno

Relationship between harsh early childhood experiences

57
Q

The symbolic Interactionism of race

A

Self fulfilling prophecy

58
Q

Assimilation

A

Dominant + minority= blend

59
Q

Example of multiculturalism

A

San Francisco- China town

60
Q

Jan 1, 1763

A

Proclamation emancipation

61
Q

1867-1877

A

Reconstruction period

62
Q

1870

A

15 amendment

63
Q

Cultural nation

A

Refers to the movements/ organizations which encourages a taught the customs characteristics of black people in a positive light

64
Q

What are the three types of sexism?

A

Cultural, individual, and institutional

65
Q

What is cultural sexism?

A

Culture itself

66
Q

What is individual sexism?

A

The way we view, react

67
Q

What is institutional sexism?

A

In employment and religion

68
Q

What are factors of life expectancy?

A

Medical care, adequate solitaion, environmental pollution, warfare, an availability if handguns

69
Q

Phases of life cycle

A

Infancy, childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, middle age and old age

70
Q

What are different aspects of aging?

A

It is multice biological

71
Q

White collar crime

A

Edwin Sutherland’s term for crimes committed by people of respectable and high social status in the course of their occupations; false advertising, price fixing, briber of public officials

flashcards (44 decks)

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