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civics final exam Flashcards

0
Q

Characteristics of a social contract theory

A

Consent to be governed, limited government, individual

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1
Q

4 characteristics of a state (nation)

A

territory, population, sovereignty, government

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2
Q

How to clos sigh government

A

who can participate?
where is the power?
how do the beaches work together?

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3
Q

Difference between direct and indirect democracy

A

Direct: representative is public
Indirect: representative

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4
Q

4 dictatorships

A
  1. Autocracy: one person
  2. Oligarchy: one group of people
  3. Authoritarian: tells/ makes discussions
  4. Totalitarian: makes all decisions
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5
Q

Unitary government

A

National government controls

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6
Q

Federal government

A

Power is divided between state and national government

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7
Q

Confederate government

A

Alliance of independent states- states have more power than national government - supposedly clear definition of who can do what

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8
Q

Presidential government

A

Executive and legislative are separate

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9
Q

Parliamentary government

A

Prime minister is part of the legislative branch

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10
Q

5 ideals of democracy

A
  1. Worth of an individual
  2. Equality of all people
  3. Majority rule, minority rights
  4. Necessity of compromise
  5. Indivisible freedom
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11
Q

6 principles of the U.S. Government

A 
Popular sovereignty
Government is limited 
Separate powers
Checks and balances
Judicial review
Federalism
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12
Q

Mercantilism

A

Economic system in which a country tried to control trade with its own colonies

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13
Q

What did the Zenger trial impose

A

Laid the foundation for freedom of the press for colonies

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14
Q

Albany plan of union

A

Meeting of 7 colonies

-complained about King

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15
Q

Who wrote common sense?

A

Thomas paine

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16
Q

What was common sense about

A

Blamed the kind and parliament for the problems

That they should break away

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17
Q

What are the articles of confederation

A

Q

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18
Q

What idea did John Locke have

A

Natural rights

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19
Q

Wh had the virginal plan

A

James Madison
3 branches
Bicameral
Seats determined by state population

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20
Q

Who had the New Jersey plan

A

William Patterson
3 branches
Unicameral legislature
Each state one vote

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21
Q

What was the great compromise

A

2 house legislature
Senate equal votes to plan the small states
House of Representatives

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22
Q

What are the articles

A
  1. The legislative branch
  2. Executive branch
  3. The judicial branch
  4. The states
  5. Process for amendments
  6. Constitution
  7. Approval when 9 states ratify it
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23
Q

List the amendments

A
  1. Speech, religion, assembly, press, petition
  2. Bare Arms
  3. No quartering troops
  4. Search and seizure
  5. Rights of the accused.
  6. Right to a fair and speedy trial
  7. Civil trials and jury
  8. No cruel or unusual punishment
  9. Just bc a right is not listed doesn’t mean it’s not protected
  10. Any power not given to the national government belongs to the states
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24
13th amendment
No slavery
25
14th amendment
Due process to states
26
15th amendment
No voting discrimination
27
19th amendment
Women can vote
28
Executive branch
Article 2 35 years m, natural born, 14 years in states Enforce and carry out laws - commander in chief - appoints judges and other federal positions -cabinet: 14 appointed to lead federal agencies -independent agencies
29
Judicial branch
``` Article 3 District courts, appellate,Supreme Court - 9 justices - can practice judicial review - can overturn lower court decisions ```
30
26th amendment
Voting at age 18
31
Standing committee
Permanent
32
Two types of powers confess has
Expressed and implied
33
How does a bill become a law
1. Bill is introduced 2. Bill is assigned to a committee 3. Debated in committee 4. House rules committee 5. House votes of the bill 6. Bill is sent to the senate 7. Bill is sent to a senate committee 8. Senate votes on bill 9. Bill can be sent to conference committee 10. Bill is sent to the president 11. The bill is assigned by the president
34
Pardon
A declaration of forgiveness and freedom from punishment
35
Amnesty
A pardon towards a group of people
36
Reprieve
Order to delay a persons punishment unit higher court can hear the case
37
Who are part of the bureaucracy
Executive office of the president West wing advisors: chief of staff Several concurs and groups
38
OMB
Office of management and budget
39
What are the types of jurisdiction
Original Concurrent Appellate Exclusive
40
How many justices are there?
9
41
Precedence
A decision that came before
42
Ideological parties
Focus on changing society in major ways
43
Single issue parties
Promote a social, economic, or moral issue
44
Endorsement
I'm a famous celebrity and I support
45
Cardstacking
Here's all the ways in better than my opponent
46
Transfer
This symbol=me
47
When are federal elections held
The first Tuesday in November of every even numbered year
48
Primary elections
Determine who will represent the party in general election
49
General elections
Vote for nominees of the different party
50
Closed primary
Only registered party voters can vote
51
Open primary
Any registered vote can vote regardless of party
52
Runoff of
In most states, candidate needs a plurity
53
Initiatives
Ideas that came from the public and are voted on during elections
54
Referendums
ideas that come from lawmakers that are voted directly by the public
55
Recalls
A species election called to remove an elected official from office
56
Canvassing
Door to door or telephone contact with potential voters
57
Lobbyist
Are special employed by specials interest groups to influence law makers go vote against legislation
58
Electorate
The eligible registered voters
59
Absentee voting
If you will be out of your voting area on Election Day, you can file an absent ballot
60
Commences building
Start with things both sides agree on and work from there
61
Negotiation
Bargaining
62
Arbitration and meditation
Using and impartial party to reach agreement
63
Laws
Sets of rules that allow people to live peacefully
64
Administrative law
governs and regulates federal and state agencies
65
Civil law
Settles disputes between individuals where no law has been broken
66
Crime
An act that breaks a federal or state criminal law & causes harm to people or society in general
67
Criminal or penal code
Spells out the punishments
68
Misdemeanors
Are less serious crimes that often do not go though trial
69
Grand Jury
A jury that meats to decide if there is enough revise cd for a trial
70
Probation
Convicted but not put in prison
71
Incarceration
To be sentence to a prison term
72
Parole
To be released from prison and closely monitored
73
Restitution
To have to repay with either a monetary fine or community service
74
Capital punishment
The death penalty | Only utilized in certain types of cases
75
3 strikes rules
In about half the states, three feeling convictions results in a mandatory sentence of 25 years to life
76
Backlog of civil cases
They could wait years waiting on trial
77
Specialization
Dividing up production so that goods are produced efficiently
78
Division of labor
Different people perform different jobs to achieve greater efficiency (assembly line)
79
Consumption
How much we buy (consumer sovereignty)
80
Traditional economics
Economic questions answered by custom - predominantly agriculture - developing or 3rd world - trade and barter oriented - low GDP & PC
81
Command economy
Economic questions answered by the government - very little economic choice - no private ownership - communism - old Soviet Union, communist China,
82
Who wrote the communist manifesto
Karl Marx
83
Who wrote das capital
Karl Marx
84
Who is Karl Marx
Founder of revolutionary socialism and communism
85
Free market
Economic questions answered by producers and consumers - limited gov - private property rights - wide variety of choices and products
86
Who wrote the wealth of nations
Adam smith
87
Who came up with laissez faire
Adam smith
88
Voluntary exchange
Business and consumers must be free to buy or sell what and when they want
89
What did John Mayhard say
That the invisible hand doesn't always work
90
What are Keynesian economics
Government should intervene in economic emergencies through tax and spending (fiscal policy) and changing the money supply (monetary supply)

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