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MRCPsych > Sociocultural psychiatry > Flashcards

Sociocultural psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

Number of women reported to be living with consequences of FGM

A

100 millions

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2
Q

When was changing minds campaign?

A

1998-2003

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3
Q

Who did changing minds campaign and what was it?

A

RCPsych
To promote positive images of mental illness, challenge misrepresentation and discrimination
Educate public on nature and treatability of mental illness

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4
Q

What is olfactory reference syndrome?

A

Thinking that you smell - it is in ICD-11

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5
Q

What is Jikoshu-kyofu?

A

Japanese culture bound syndrome

Persistent and excessive fear of causing offence to others due to physical characteristics

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6
Q

What is the melting pot?

A

Countries with increasing immigration trend

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7
Q

What do higher level principles include?

A

Deontology (rights and duties or rules) and teleology (practice on best interests)

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8
Q

What is betrayal funnel?

A

People they trust most conspire against them - family and friends trying to get someone admitted to hospital

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9
Q

Vulnerability factors in Brown and Harris study

A
  1. Absence of a close confiding relationship
  2. Loss of mother before age 11
  3. Lack of employment
  4. Having 3 or more children under the age of 15
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10
Q

What is courtesy stigma?

A

Stigmatisation an unaffected person experiences due to their relationship with a person who bears stigma

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11
Q

What is entrapment?

A

Failed positive event where potential fresh start went wrong within 1-2 weeks leaving person stuck back at square 1

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12
Q

Give an example of a semi-structured interview that can be used to gather info from family of a patient with psychosis

A

Camberwell family interview

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13
Q

Utilitarianism

A

Greatest good for greatest number

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14
Q

What was one of the longest running anti-stigma campaigns conducted in the UK?

A

Time to change

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15
Q

Who wrote the myth of mental illness?

A

Szaz

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16
Q

3 pioneers of anti-psychiatry movement

A
  1. R.D. Laing
  2. Thomas Szaz
  3. Foucalt
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17
Q

What is the scoring system for level of social deprivation in a community?

A

Jarman index

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18
Q

What is Pa-Leng?

A

China
Believes cold wind will destroy soul
Cold clammy hands, tachycardia, dry mouth and other somatic symptoms that trigger panic
Fear of fatal upset of ying and yang

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19
Q

What is susto?

A

Fear of soul leaving body

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20
Q

What is Piblokto?

A

Inuit
Attacks of screaming, crying and running naked through snow
Dissociative episode with excitement often followed by seizures and coma lasting up to 12 hours

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21
Q

Who devised life events and difficulties schedule?

A

Brown and Harris

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22
Q

Refrigerator mother is associated with which illness?

A

Autism

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23
Q

What did R.D. Laing write?

A

The Divided Self

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24
Q

Who proposed that insanity is the sane response to an insane society?

A

R.D. Laing

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25
Q

What did Charaka promote?

A 
4Cs
Confidentiality 
Caring practice 
Continuous professional development 
Compassion
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26
Q

Who suggested the Schizophrenogenic mother?

A

Fromm-Reichman

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27
Q

What is a schizophrenogenic mother?

A

Rejecting

Rigid in moralism concerning sex and had a significant fear of intimacy

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28
Q

Most commonly used guidelines for human research

A

Helsinki declaration

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29
Q

When was Helsinki declaration last updated?

A

2013

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30
Q

Which study deliberately infected individuals with hepatitis?

A

Willowbrook State School Study

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31
Q

What is the strongest risk factor for depression?

A

Personal or family history of depression

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32
Q

Torts are laws in which a person is liable in which court?

A

Civil

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33
Q

What is assimilation?

A

Partial adaptation of new culture without giving up one’s culture of origin completely

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34
Q

Who is regarded as Father of Sociology?

A

Emil Durkheim

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35
Q

The four prima facie ethical principles were promulgated by who?

A

Beauchamp and Childress

36
Q

Who described institutioanl neurosis?

37
Q

Who proposed biopsychosocial model?

38
Q

Link with bipolar and social class

A

Overrepresentation of higher social class in bipolar probands’ brothers and children

39
Q

Is alcoholism linked to social class?

A

No alcoholism seems to defy social class boundaries

40
Q

What is a libertarian approach to resource allocation?

A

Resources distributed to market principles - if patient can pay, resource made available to them

41
Q

Egalitarian approach to resource allocation?

A

Resources distributed according to need

42
Q

Restorative allocation of resources

A

Resources distributed with positive discrimination towards disadvantaged (poor get priority over rich who can pay for care)

43
Q

Proportion of high EE in carers of patients with schizophrenia

44
Q

Relapse rate in schizophrenia for situations rated as high EE

45
Q

Which study looked at poverty and pscyhopathology?

A

The Great Smokey Mountains study

46
Q

Findings from Great Smokey Mountains study

A

The most prominent psychiatric issues responding to poverty were conduct and oppositional defiant disorders whilst depression and anxiety remained the same

47
Q

What is primary deviance?

A

Any general aberration from expected normality before the person showing this is identified as a deviant ie minor ruke breaking such as speeding

48
Q

What is a secondary deviant?

A

With repeated primary deviances subject gets labelled and one becomes a secondary deviant
Refers to the actions carried out by a person identified as a deviant by institutions such as society or justice system

49
Q

What is formal deviance?

A

Breaking written law or code as in a criminal act

50
Q

What is informal deviance?

A

Breaking unspoken social rules of living

51
Q

Who identified 4 vulnerability factors for depression?

A

Brown and Harris

52
Q

Which 4 vulnerability factors did Brown and Harris identify?

A
  1. Absence of close relationship
  2. Loss of mother before age
  3. Lack of employment outside home
  4. Having 3 or more children under 15
53
Q

Incidence rates of schizophrenia in Caribbean countries compared with UK

54
Q

Which ethnic group has highest rate of hospital admission in UK?

A

Irish migrants

55
Q

What is role stripping in institutionalisation?

A

Process of stripping inmates idenitity by tradin personal clothes and belonginings for hospital issue

56
Q

What is mortification?

A

Series of assaults on inmates self image

Must request permission for minor activites e.g. shaving - this is civil death

57
Q

What is institutional neurosis?

A

Apathy, lack of initiative, loss of interest and submissiveness

58
Q

What is enacted stigma?

A

Patients actual experience of discrimination

59
Q

What is felt stigma?

A

Patients fear of experiencing discriminated act - more disabling than enacted stigma

60
Q

What is self-stigma?

A

Prejudice that people with mental health problems have on themselves

61
Q

What is 1 in 4?

A

A short 2 min film aimed at young people 15-25 to challenege preconceptions about mental health

62
Q

What is enculturation?

A

Culture being learnt through contact with media, family, friends etc.

63
Q

Multiculturalism

A

High degree of relationship among various cultures and high degree of rentention of individual culture identities

64
Q

What is Amok?

A

Males who after a real or imagined insult brood for several days and then return in a blind fury trying to kill everyone encountered
Frenzy only stopped when person is killed or caught
Amnesia for behaviour
Occurs in Phillipines and Malaysia

65
Q

What is Ataque de Nervios?

A

Intense emotional upset, shouting uncontrollably, aggression, dissociation, seizure like episodes
Latino descent

66
Q

What is Dhat?

A

Young males who attribute various symptoms to semen loss

67
Q

What is Khyal Cap?

A

Symptoms of panic attacks in addition to those of autonomic arousal e.g. tinnitus
Concern that a windlike substance may rise in the body along with blood and cause a range of serious effect e.g. compressing the lungs
Cambodians

68
Q

What is Kufungisisa?

A

Zimbabwe

Thinking too much causes anxiety

69
Q

What is Latah?

A

Mainly women
Hypersensitivity to sudden fright, dissociative behaviour
Malaysia

70
Q

What is Maladi Moun?

A

A cultural explanation for diverse medical and psychiatric disorders
Illness sent from others to cause malice
Haiti

71
Q

What is Nervios?

A

General state of vulnerability to stressful life experiences
Latinos

72
Q

What is Piblokto?

A

Extreme excitement followed by seizures and coma

Arctic and Sub-Arctic Eskimos

73
Q

What is Shenjing shuairuo?

A

Weakness, overly emotional, headache, insomnia

China

74
Q

What is Susto?

A

An illness attributed to a frightening event that causes the soul to leave the body and results in unhappiness and sickness
Latinos

75
Q

What is Wendigo?

A

Occurs in those who experience severe winters and scarcity of food
Suffers initially develop distaste for food and if this fails to subside anxiety develops which rapidly reaches climax
Craving for human flesh and fear that they will turn into a cannibal

76
Q

What is pathogenic in terms of cultural psychopathology?

A

Culture is directly causative

77
Q

What is pathoselective in terms of cultural psychopathology?

A

Tendency to select certain culturally influenced reactions

78
Q

What is pathoplastic in terms of cultural psychopathology?

A

Culture influences the manifestation

79
Q

What is pathoelaborating in terms of cultural psychopathology?

A

Universal behavioural reactions that are selectively reinforced by a culture

80
Q

Who coined the term anti-psychiatry

A

David Cooper

81
Q

What is the Hammurabi code?

A

First attempt in history to codify medical competence and legal liability for negligence

82
Q

Paternalistic model of patient doctor interaction

A

Assumed doctor knows best

83
Q

Informative model of patient doctor interaction

A

Doctor seen as dispenser of information but choice left wholly up to patient

84
Q

What is the interpretive model of patient doctor relationship?

A

Doctor will be treating patient for a long time and might know them well
Shared decision making established

85
Q

What is the deliberative patient doctor model?

A

Doctor acts as a friend

86
Q

What is declaration of Geneva?

A

Reaffirmation of humanitarian aims of medicine - modification of Hippocratic Oath

87
Q

What was Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital study?

A

Studies to develop info about nature of human transplant rejection
Patients injected with cancerous liver cells unknowingly

MRCPsych (19 decks)

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