Human development Flashcards
What ability does the Rogue test demonstrate?
Sense of self and self-recognition
What is semiotic function?
Using objects or drawings to represent something else
What were Mary Main’s attachment categories?
- Secure/autonomous
- Dismissing
- Preoccupied/entangled
- Unresolved/disorganised
At what stage of psychosexual development is the superego formed?
Latency
What is Anaclitic depression?
Acute separation when child is separated from mother - stages are protest, despair & detachment
What did Piaget mean by assimilation?
Using existing schema to solve new problems
What did Piaget mean by accommodation?
Existing schemas modified to take into account of new experiences
According to Margaret Mahler, the separation individuation phase lasts from how long?
5 months to 5 years
Who described privation?
Rutter
What is privation?
Non-formation of attachment
What is transductive reasoning?
Inferences made about a relationship based on a single attribute (ie dogs and cats the same because they have 4 legs)
What age does theory of mind develop?
4
What is Kleine-Levin syndrome?
Increased need for sleep and tendency to eat any food in sight while awake
Symptoms appear abruptly, remain for a few days to weeks then disappear
Erikson stage 1 - age & virtue
Trust vs mistrust
0-1
Hope
Erikson stage 2 - age & virtue
Autonomy vs shame
1-3
Will
Erikson stage 3 - age & virtue
Initiative vs guilt
3-5
Purpose
Erikson stage 4 - age & virtue
Industry vs inferiority
5-12
Competence
Erikson stage 5 - age & virtue
Identity vs role confusion
12-19
Fidelity
Erikson stage 6 - age & virtue
Intimacy vs isolation
19-35
Love
Erikson stage 7- age & virtue
Generativity vs stagnation
35-65
Care
Erikson stage 8 - age & virtue
Integrity vs despair
65+
Wisdom
According to Levinson’s theory of development, the midlife transition takes place during what period?
40-45
When does separation anxiety diminish?
3
Which period corresponds to Bowlby’s attachment in the making stage?
6 weeks to 6 months
What is a non-verbal test of general intelligence?
Raven’s Progressive Matrices
Which test should you use to assess for dementia in somebody with Down’s syndrome?
DMR - dementia questionnaire for person with mental retardation
DSDS - dementia scale for down syndrome
What is identity foreclosure?
Commit to an identity without exploring options
Freud stages of psychosexual development
Oral - 0-18 months Anal - 18-26 months Phallic - 3-5 years Latency - 5-puberty Genital - puberty-adulthood
In what stage would you develop conservation of volume?
Concrete operational
How many categories of temperament were identified by Thomas and Chess in New York Longitudinal study?
9
Precocious puberty in girls age
Before 8
Precocious puberty in boys age
before 9
Erich Lindemann stages of grief
- Shock - lasts 10-14 days
- Sadness
- Anger - death is protested
- Within a year, grief is resolved
Which model divides the mind into the unconscious, preconscious and conscious?
Topographic
In Mahlers separation-individuation theory, if the infant is concerned about their mothers whereabouts, what is this behaviour called?
Reapprochment
Who described transitional objects?
Winnicott
When does stranger anxiety peak?
12-18 months
When does separation anxiety start?
1 year
When does child show reapprochment?
18 months
According to Vygotsky’s developmental theory, what refers to a function that is not yet fully achieved but is in the pipeline?
Zone of proximal development
At what age is the concrete operational stage?
7-12 years
When does child achieve conservation of mass?
Age 7
Features of ex-institutional syndrome
- Relate better to adults than peers
- Less likely to have special friend
- Less likely to be selective in choosing their friends
- Turn to peers less often for emotional support
When does Oedipus complex develop?
Phallic stage - 3-5 years
What is a non-verbal method of assessing children’s cognitive ability?
Ability to draw human figures
Negative transition and risk taking behaviour are generally less common in societies that mark transition to adulthood by what?
Initiation ceremonies
What age is person in industry vs inferiority stage?
6 and puberty
What is industry vs inferiority?
Erikson’s fourth stage
Child wants to enter the larger world of knowledge and work
Successful encounters give child a sense of industry whilst failing leaves them feeling inferior
First stage of Erikson’s development & age it is experienced
Trust vs mistrust
1 - 1 1/2
Virtue at the end of first stage of development
Hope
If this stage is successful, baby will have hope that they will be supported if a crisis occurs
Seconds stage of Erikson’s development & age it is experienced
Autonomy vs shame
18 months - 3 years
Virtue at the end of second stage
Will
If children are successful in this stage, they become more confident and secure in the world
Third stage of Erikson’s development & age it is experienced
Initiative vs guilt
3-5 years
Virtue at the end of 3rd stage
Purpose
IF this stage is successful, they develop the capacity to initiate things
Virtue at the end of the 4th stage of Erikson’s development
Competence
