MRCPsych mentor neuroscience

Question 1

What neuroimaging finding is most consistent with OCD?

Answer 1

Hypermetabolism of the orbitofrontal region

Question 2

From which hypothalamic nuclei is dopamine released?

Answer 2

Arcuate

Question 3

What is aldehyde dehydrogenase involved in the breakdown of?

Answer 3

Alcohol

Serotonin

Question 4

The eye develops from which embyronic part of the brain?

Answer 4

Diencephalon

Question 5

What area of the brain was Phineas Gage good at?

Answer 5

Frontal lobe

Question 6

Where does the vagus nerve originate?

Answer 6

Medulla oblongata

Question 7

Which part of cerebellum involved in fine tuning of movements?

Answer 7

Spinocerebellum

Question 8

Which enzyme converts 5-hydroxytryptophan to serotonin?

Answer 8

L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase

Question 9

Where would you find the Arbor Vitae

Answer 9

Cerebellum

Question 10

Damage to which area results in akinetic mutism?

Answer 10

Superior medial frontal lobe - specifically cingulate gyrus

Question 11

Which part of brain responsible for semantic memory?

Answer 11

Medial temporal lobe

Question 12

What does the planum temporale consist of?

Answer 12

Secondary auditory cortex

Question 13

Who first described “punch drunk syndrome”?

Answer 13

Martland

Question 14

What is the difference between Lewy Bodies in the cortex compared to the brainstem?

Answer 14

Cortical lewy bodies lack halo on staining

Question 15

Where does the caudate nucleus receive its blood supply from?

Answer 15

Anterior and middle cerebral arteries

Question 16

Embryological origin of Nucleus Accumbens

Answer 16

Telencephalon

Question 17

When is a hyperkinetic gait likely to be seen?

Answer 17

Syndenham chorea

Question 18

Which part of the brain is damaged in Anton-Babinski syndrome?

Answer 18

Occipital lobe

Question 19

Features of Anton-Babinski syndrome

Answer 19

Patients are cortically blind but deny this

Patient still thinks they can see and will describe environment which is wrong

Question 20

Alexia without agraphia is usually caused by an occlusion in which artery?

Answer 20

Posterior cerebral artery

Question 21

Which stage of sleep is associated with theta waves and hypnic jerks?

Answer 21

Stage I

Question 22

What is characterised by the triad of Parkisonism, Cerebellar Ataxia and Autonomic Failure?

Answer 22

MSA

Question 23

Which diagnosis would be supported by abnormal tonsillar biopsy?

Answer 23

vCJD

Question 24

What cleaves APP?

Answer 24

Alpha secretase

Question 25

What is astereognosia?

Answer 25

Unable to tell what is in your hand

Question 26

What is the most consistent finding with regard to Schizophrenia pathology?

Answer 26

Reduced grey matter total volume

Question 27

What type of aphasia would be caused by occlusion of anterior cerebral artery?

Answer 27

Motor aphasia - anterior cerebral artery supplies frontal part of brain

Question 28

What is limb kinetic ataxia?

Answer 28

an inability to make fine movements

Question 29

What is ideational apraxia?

Answer 29

Inability to follow a sequence of actions in the correct order

Question 30

Features of antalgic gait

Answer 30

Stance phase abnormally shortened compared to swing phase

Question 31

What are senile plaques composed of?

Answer 31

Beta-amyloid

Question 32

Which structure is overly active in depressed people?

Answer 32

Amygdala

Question 33

What are hirano bodies made of?a

Answer 33

Actin

Question 34

What is a secondary delusion?

Answer 34

A delusion that develops as a result of a morbid experience

Question 35

Effect of valproate on platelets?

Answer 35

Reduced platelets

Question 36

Does oxazepam produce an active metabolite

Answer 36

No it is an active metabolite of several benzos

Question 37

Who coined the term schizophrenia?

Answer 37

Bleuler

Question 38

Who divided patients into groups 1 and 2 depending on positive and negative symptoms

Answer 38

Crow