Social thinking

Question 1

3 components of social perception?

Answer 1

The perceiver: Influenced by experiences, motives and emotional states

The target: The person about which the perception ins made

the situation: Very important in detailing and developing perception.

Question 2

Primacy effect

Answer 2

The idea that first impressions Are often more important than subsequent impressions

Question 3

Recency effect

Answer 3

The most recent information we have about an individual is the most important informing our impressions

Question 4

stereotyping

Answer 4

Making assumptions about people based on the category in which they are placed

Question 5

Halo effect

Answer 5

Cognitive bias in which judgments about a specific aspect of an individual can be affected by one’s overall impression of the individual

Question 6

Just world hypothesis

Answer 6

In a “just world” good things happen to good people and bad things happen to bad people.

Question 7

Self serving bias

Answer 7

Refers to the fact hat individuals will view their own success based on internal factors, while viewing failures based on external factors

Question 8

Attribution theory

Answer 8

The tendency for individuals to infer the causes of other peoples behavior

Question 9

Dispositional attribution

Answer 9

Internal. Those that relate to the person whose behavior is being considered including his or her beliefs, attitude or personality characteristics

Question 10

Situational attribution

Answer 10

External. Those that relate to features of the surroundings such as threats, money, social norms and peer pressure.

Question 11

3 types of cues

Answer 11

Consistency cues: Consistent behavior over time
Consensus cues: Matches other’s behavior
Distinctiveness cues: Similar behavior in similar situations

Question 12

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 12

Posits that we are generally biased toward making dispositional attributions rather than situational attributions, especially in negative contexts

Question 13

Attribute substitution

Answer 13

When individuals must make judgements that are complex, but instead they substitute a simpler solution or apply a heuristic

Question 14

Stereotypes

Answer 14

Occur when attitudes and impressions are based on limited and superficial information about a person or a group of individuals.

Question 15

Self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 15

Expectations of certain groups of individuals can create conditions that lead to confirmation of those expectations

Question 16

Stereotype threat

Answer 16

Concept of people being concerned or anxious about confirming a negative stereotype of one’s social group.

Question 17

Prejudice

Answer 17

An irrational positive or negative attitude toward a person, group, or thing, prior to an actual experience with that entity. Prejudice is an attitude, not behavior.

Question 18

Ethnocentrism

Answer 18

Refers to the practice of making judgements about other cultures based on the values and beliefs of one’s own culture, especially when it comes to language, customs and religion.

Question 19

Cultural relativism

Answer 19

The perception of another culture as different from one’s own, but with the recognition that the cultural values, mores and rules of a culture fit into that culture itself.

Question 20

Discrimination

Answer 20

When prejudicial attitudes cause individuals of a particular group to be treated differently from others. Discrimination is a behavior