Social structure Flashcards
Functionalism
The study of the structure and function of each part of society
Conflict theory
Based on works of Carl Marx. Focuses on how power differentials are created and how these differentials contribute to the maintenance of social order
Symbolic interactionism
The study of the way individuals interact through a shared understanding of words, gestures and other symbols
Social constructionism
Focuses on how individuals put together their social reality.
Work ethic, gender roles, acceptable dress, etc.
Rational choice theory
Focuses on decision making in an individual and attempts to reduce this process to a careful consideration of benefits and harms to the individual
Think pros and cons list
Exchange theory
An individual will carry out certain behaviors because of anticipated rewards and will avoid certain behaviors because of anticipated punishments
Feminist theory
Attempts to explain social inequalities that exist on basis of gender. Focuses on subordination of women through social structures and institutional discrimination
Glass ceiling phenomenon
How women are less frequently promoted in workplace and may have a more difficult time attaining top-level administrative positions within a company
Social institutions
Well established social structures that dictate certain patterns of behavior or relationships that are accepted as a fundamental part of culture
What are the 6 major social institutions?
Family Education Religion Government Economy Medicine
Elder abuse
Most commonly manifested as neglect of an older relative. Also can be physical, psychological and/or financial
Education
System with the aim to arm the population with information
Hidden curriculum
Transmitting social norms, attitudes and beliefs to studnents
teacher expectancy
Refers to idea that teachers tend to get what they expect from students
Religosity
How religious one considers themselves to be
Includes strength of beliefs, engagement in practices and attitudes about religion itself
Sect
Usually a term used to describe a religious group that has chosen to break off from the parent religion
Secularism
Moves from a world dominated by religion toward rationality and scientific thinking
Fundamentalism
Maintenance of strict adherence to religious code
Democracy
Last every citizen of political voice, usually through elected representatives to office`
Monarchy
Includes a royal ruler, AlthoughThe rulers power is maybe significantly limited by the presence of a constitutional and parliamentary system
Dictatorship
A system where a single person holds power, and usually includes mechanisms to quell threats to this power
Theocracy
System or power is held religious leaders
Capitalist economy
Focuses on free market trade and laissez-faire policies, We’re success or failure in business is primarily driven by consumerism with as little intervention from central governing bodies as possible
Socialistic economy
Treats large industries as collective, shared businesses, and compensation is provided based on the work contribution of each individual in the system
Healthcare
Aimed at maintaining or improving the health status of the individual, family, community and society as a whole
Life course approach to health
Maintaining and considering a comprehensive view of the patients’s history beyond their immediate presenting symptoms
Sick role
Patient is not responsible for the illness and is exempt from normal social roles
Furthermore the patient has the obligation to become well and seek out competent help
Beneficience
The physician has a responsibility to act in the patient’s best interest
Nonmaleficence
“Do not harm,” The physician has a responsibility to avoid treatments or interventions in which the potential to harm outweighs the potential for benefit
Respect for patient autonomy
The physician has a responsibility to respect patients’ decisions and choice about their own healthcare
Justice
The physician has a responsibility to treat similar patients with similar care, and to distribute healthcare resources fairly
4 key tenets of medical ethics
Beneficence
Nonmaleficence
Respect of patient autonomy
Justice
