Social Thinking Flashcards
Interpersonal attraction
what makes people like each other and is influenced by multiple factors
factors influencing interpersonal attraction
- golden ratio, physical attractiveness
- self disclosure: sharing fears, thoughts and goals with another person and being met with empathy and no judgement
- reciprocity: we like people who we think like us
proximity: being physically close to someone
aggression
- increased amygdala activity and decreased pre frontal cortex activity
secure attachment
consistent caregiver, so when caregiver leaves child is sad and happy when they return.
avoidant attachment
caregiver has no response to distressed child, child has no preference to caregiver to stranger
ambivalent attachment
caregiver has inconsistent response to distressed child. child is distressed when caregiver leaves but doesn’t care when they return
disorganized attachment
caregiver is abusive to child, child doesn’t care when the caregiver leaves and may how repetitive behaviours
Social Support
perceptions that one is cared for by a social network
emotional support
includes listening to affirming and empathizing with someone’s feelings
esteem support
affirms the qualities and skills of the person
material support
giving more or physical support
informational support
giving useful information to person
network support
providing sense of belonging
foraging
searching for food
altruism
helping someone at the negative cost of oneself
game theory
explains decision making between people as if they are participating in a game
inclusive fitness
measure of organism’s success in population. based on number of offspring
social perception/ cognition
way by which we generate perceptions of people in our social environment.
implicit personality theory
people make assumptions about how different types of people, their traits and their behaviour are related
primacy effect
fist impressions are most important
recency effect
most recent info is more important when comes to forming impressions
reliance on central traits
tendency to organize the perception of others based on traits and personal characteristics that matter to the perceiver
halo effect
judgement of individual can be affected by overall impression of the person
just world hypothesis
good things happen o good people and and bad things to bad people
self serving bias
people view their own success based on internal factors (like I worked hard for my A+) while viewing failures as being based on external factors (like I failed because the test was too hard)
Attribution theory
focuses on our tendency to try to find reasons of others behaviours.
- dispositional and situational factors
correspondent inference theory
is used to describe attributions made by observing the intentional (especially unexpected) behaviours performed by another person
fundamental attribution theory
bias toward making dispositional attributions rather than situational ones in regard to the actions of the others
attribute substitution
occurs when individuals must make judgments that are complex but instead substitute a simpler solution or heuristic
stereotypes
occurs when attitudes and impressions are made based on limited and superficial information about a person or a group of people
self fulfilling prophecy
stereotype can lead to expectations of certain people, the creates conditions that lead to the confirmation of that expectation
stereotype threat
is anxiety about confirming a negative stereotype about ones social group
prejudice
defined as irrational positive or negative attitude toward a person or group before actual experience
ethnocentrism
practice of making judgements about other cultures based on values and beliefs of one’s own culture
cultural relativism
recognition that social groups and cultures should be studied on their own terms
