Social Processes, Attitudes and Behaviour

Question 1

Social Facilitation

Answer 1

describes the tendency of people to perform at a different level based on the fact that others are around

Question 2

Deindividuation

Answer 2

is a loss of self awareness in large groups, which can lead to drastic changes in behaviour

Question 3

Bystander effect

Answer 3

describes the observation that when in a group, people are less likely to respond to a person in need

Question 4

peer pressure

Answer 4

refers to the social influence places on individuals by others they consider equals

Question 5

Social Loafing

Answer 5

refers to the tendency of people to put in less effort in a group project than individually

Question 6

group polarization

Answer 6

is the tendency toward making decisions in a group that are more extreme then the thoughts of the individual group members

Question 7

groupthink

Answer 7

is the tendency for the groups to make decisions based on ideas and solutions that arise within the group without considering outside ideas

Question 8

culture

Answer 8

describes the beliefs, ideas, behaviours, actions and characteristics of a group or society of people

Question 9

assimilation

Answer 9

is the process by which a group of individual’s culture begins to melt into another culture

Question 10

multiculturalism

Answer 10

refers to the the encouragement of multiple cultures within a community to enhance diversity

Question 11

subcultures

Answer 11

refer to a group of people within a culture that distinguish themselves from the. primary culture to which they belong

Question 12

Socialization

Answer 12

is the process of developing and spreading norms, customs and beliefs

Question 13

norms

Answer 13

are what determine the boundaries of acceptable behaviour within society

Question 14

stigma

Answer 14

is the extreme disapproval or dislike of a person or group based on perceived differences from the rest of society

Question 15

deviance

Answer 15

refers to any violation or norms, rules or expectations within a society

Question 16

conformity

Answer 16

is changing beliefs or behaviours in order to fit into a group or society

Question 17

Compliance

Answer 17

occurs when individuals change their behaviour based on the requests of others.

Question 18

foot in the door technique

Answer 18

small request is made and after gaining compliance a larger request is made

Question 19

door in the face technique

Answer 19

a large request is made at first and if refused a second smaller request is made

Question 20

lowball technique

Answer 20

the requestor will get an initial commitment from an individual and then raise the cost of the commitment

Question 21

that’s not all technique

Answer 21

individual is made offer, but before making decision is told the deal is even better than expected.

Question 22

Labeling theory

Answer 22

labels given to person affect how others respond to that person but also the person’s self image. like calling a woman promiscuous- she will either become promiscuous or change behaviour to “normal”

Question 23

differential association theory

Answer 23

deviance is learned through interactions with others. “fallen into the group”

Question 24

Strain theory

Answer 24

attempts to explain a deviance as a natural reaction to the disconnect between social goals and social structure

Question 25

Obedience

Answer 25

change in behaviour based on a command from someone seen as an authority figure

Question 26

Attitudes

Answer 26

are tendencies toward expression. of positive or negative feelings or evaluations of something
- Affective, behavioural and cognitive components

Question 27

Functional attitudes theory

Answer 27

tastes that there are four functional areas of attitudes that serve individuals in life: knowledge, ego expression, adaptability and ego defense

Question 28

learning theory

Answer 28

attitudes are developed through forms of learning: direct contact, direct interaction, direct instruction and conditioning

Question 29

elaboration likelihood model

Answer 29

attitudes are formed and changes through different routes of information processing based on the degree of elaboration
-central route processing: deeply thinking about something
- Peripheral route processing: focussing on superficial stuff like appearance of something