Social Stratification Flashcards
Social class
category of people who share similar socioeconomic positions in society
cultural capital
refers to the benefits one receives from knowledge, abilities and skills
prestige
respect and importance toed to specific occupations or associations
power
is the capacity to influence people through real or perceived rewards and punishments. power differentials create social inequality
anomie
is the state of normlessness. anomic conditions erase social solidarity but emphasizing individualism and isolation
strain theory
focuses on how anomic conditions can lead to deviance
marxist theory
proletariat will develop class consciousness and overthrow the bourgeoisie and destroy capitalist society
social capital
investment people make in their society in retune for economic or collective rewards
meritocracy
refers to a society in which advancement up the social ladder is based on intellectual talent and achievement
social mobility
allows one to acquire higher level employment opportunities by getting higher level education and experience. can be upward or downward (going down in status)
poverty
socio-economic condition. determined by government calculating the minimum income needed for families to get necessities
social reproduction
refers to the passing on of social inequality, especially poverty from one generation to the next
absolute poverty
is when people do not have enough resources to acquire basic life necessities
relative poverty
one is poor in comparison to the larger population
social exclusion
is a sense of powerlessness when people feel alienated from society
spatial inequality
is a form of social stratification across territories and their populations. like renting same size house in Toronto vs Edmonton with the same money
environmental injustice
uneven distribution of environmental hazards in the communities
globalization
had led to further inequalities in space, food and eater, housing, education as production of goods shifts to cheaper Labour markets
incidence
number of NEW cases of disease per population at risk in a period of time
prevalence
number of already existing cases per population in a given period of time
morbidity
burden or degree of illness associated with given disease
mortality
refers to the death caused by disease
second sickness
refers to an exacerbation of health outcomes caused by social injustice
