Social Interaction

Question 1

Status

Answer 1

position in society that is used to classify people

Question 2

Ascribed status

Answer 2

given involuntarily, due to factors like race, ethnicity, gender and family background

Question 3

achieved status

Answer 3

status gained through one’s efforts or choices. like being a doctor

Question 4

master status

Answer 4

states by which person is most identified. like being the president

Question 5

role performance

Answer 5

carrying out of the behaviours associated with a given role. can change depending on social context

Question 6

role conflict

Answer 6

is difficulty in satisfying the requirements or expectations of multiple roles. like working and being a single parent

Question 7

role strain

Answer 7

difficulty in satisfying multiple requirements of one role

Question 8

role exit

Answer 8

is dropping of one identity for another

Question 9

groups

Answer 9

made up of two or more people with similar characteristics that have a sense of unity

Question 10

peer group

Answer 10

self selected group formed around similar interests, ages and statuses

Question 11

family group

Answer 11

is the group into which an individual is born, adopted or married

Question 12

in group

Answer 12

is the one with which a person identifies

Question 13

out group

Answer 13

is the one that a person competes with

Question 14

reference group

Answer 14

is a group to which an individual compares oneself

Question 15

primary groups

Answer 15

are those that contain strong emotional bonds like friends

Question 16

secondary groups

Answer 16

are often temporary and contain fewer emotional bonds and weaker bonds overall

Question 17

Gemeinschaft (community)

Answer 17

is a group unified by feelings of togetherness due to shared beliefs or geography or ancestry

Question 18

Gesellschaft (society)

Answer 18

is a group unified by feelings of mutual self interests in achieving a goal

Question 19

groupthink

Answer 19

occurs when members begin to conform to one another’s views and ignore outside perspectives

Question 20

network

Answer 20

insurable pattern of social relationships between individuals or groups

Question 21

organization

Answer 21

are bodies of people with a structure and culture designed to achieve specific goals. exist even without one person’s membership

Question 22

McDonaldization

Answer 22

used to refer to a shift in focused towards efficiency, predictability, calculability and control in societies

Question 23

basic model of emotional expression

Answer 23

there are universal emotions along with corresponding expressions that can be understood across cultures

Question 24

social construction model

Answer 24

states that emotions are solely based on the situational context of social interactions. NO BIOLOGICAL FACTORS

Question 25

display rules

Answer 25

are unspoken rules that govern the expression of emotion

Question 26

cultural syndrome

Answer 26

is a set of rules, beliefs, norms, values and behaviours organized around a central theme.
determines what emotion should be expressed and when

Question 27

impression management

Answer 27

refers to the maintenance of public image which is accomplished through various strategies

Question 28

impression management strategies

Answer 28

1. self disclosure: sharing factual info
2. managing appearance: using props, approach and emotional expression to create positive image
3. ingratiation: using flattery or conformity to win someone else
4. aligning actions: using excuses to account for questionable behaviour
5. alter casting: imposing an identity on another person

Question 29

dramaturgical approach

Answer 29

individuals create images of themselves in the same way that actors perform a role infront of an audience
- front stage self: where the individual is seen by audience and is strives to preserve desired image
- back stage self: is where individual is not in front of an audience and is free to act outside of his desired image

Question 30

George Mead’s three stages

Answer 30

prep stage: imitations play with pots and pans when parents are cooking. As they grow older, focus more on communication with others instead of simple imitation, and get practice using symbols (gestures/words)
Play stage: more aware of social relationships, reflected in children’s tendency to pretend role play as others like firefighters, doctors, etc.
Game stage: Start to understand attitudes/beliefs/behavior of “generalized other” (society as a whole). people can take on multiple roles

Question 31

I and Me

Answer 31

developed during game stage
Me = society’s view (that’s me!), the part of self-formed in interaction with others and social environment
I = individual identity stepping in and our personal responses to what society thinks.
 The “I” is the spontaneous and autonomous part of our unified self.

Question 32

Looking glass self

Answer 32

theory coined by Charles Cooley that argues people’s identities are shaped by others’ perceptions of them. More specifically, it states that our identities are shaped by our beliefs about what others think of us, whether or not those significant others really hold those beliefs.

Question 33

verbal communication

Answer 33

is the conveyance of information though spoken, written or signed words

Question 34

nonverbal communication

Answer 34

is the conveyance of information by means other than using words such as body language

Question 35

animal communication

Answer 35

takes place between non human animals but also between humans and animals.

Question 36

SYMLOG

Answer 36

three fundamental dimensions of interaction:
1. dominance vs submission
2. friendliness vs unfriendliness
3. instrumentally controlled vs emotionally expressive