social psych quest unit 11??

Question 1

theory that we explain someone’s behavior by crediting either the situation or the person’s disposition

Answer 1

attribution theory

Question 2

the tendency for observers when analyzing others’ behaviors, to underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of personal disposition

Answer 2

fundamental attricbution theory

Question 3

occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as the speakers attractiveness

Answer 3

peripheral route persuasion

Question 4

occurs when interested ppl focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts

Answer 4

central route persuasion

Question 5

tendnecy for ppl to have first agreed to a small request comply later with a larger request

Answer 5

foot-in-the-door phenomenon

Question 6

theory that we act to reduce discomfort, we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent

Answer 6

cognitive dissonance theory

Question 7

influence resulting from a person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval

Answer 7

normative social influence

Question 8

influence resulting form a person’s willingness to accept others’ opinions about reality

Answer 8

informal social influence

Question 9

improved performance on simple or well- learned tasks in the presence of others (opposite effect occurs with more complex problems)

Answer 9

social facilitation

Question 10

tendency for people ina group to exert less effort than when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individuallt accountable

Answer 10

social loafing

Question 11

the loss of self awareness and self restraint occuring in group situations htat foster arousal and anonimity

Answer 11

deindividuation

Question 12

enchantment of a group’s prevaling inclinations through discussion within the group

Answer 12

group polarization

Question 13

mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a descision- making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives

Answer 13

groupthink

Question 14

mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a descision- making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives

Answer 14

groupthink

Question 15

tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore deserve what they get and get what they deserve

Answer 15

just-world phenomenon

Question 16

the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame

Answer 16

scapegoat theory

Question 17

tendency to recall faces of one’s own racew more accurately than faces of other races

Answer 17

other-race effect

Question 18

phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them

Answer 18

mere exposure effect

Question 19

unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Answer 19

altruism

Question 20

single person less likely to help the more people there are

Answer 20

diffusion of responsibility

Question 21

theory that social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs

Answer 21

social exchange theory

Question 22

expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them

Answer 22

reciprocity norm

Question 23

situation in which conflicting parties, by each rationally persuing their self interest rather than the good of the group, become caught in naturally destructive behavior

Answer 23

social trap

Question 24

mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive

Answer 24

mirror-image perceptions

Question 25

shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation

Answer 25

subordinate goals