Social/Emotional Development in Preschoolers

Question 1

evaluation judgments about specific areas such as sports, physical appearance, and cognitive abilities

Answer 1

self-perceptions

Question 2

refers to more global assessment of self worth

Answer 2

self-esteem

Question 3

18months-3year
kids become either more independent and autonomous if their parents encourage exploration and freedom of they experience shame if they are restricted

Answer 3

autonomy versus shame and doubt

Question 4

3yrs-6yrs

kids face conflict between doing things by themselves versus being embaressed

Answer 4

initiative versus guilt

Question 5

Erikson’s term for a child’s sense of independent purposefulness

Answer 5

initiative

Question 6

sense of being able to do things effectively on one’s own

Answer 6

self-efficacy

Question 7

gives kids a sense of power in their world

Answer 7

imagination and play fantasy

Question 8

kids need for continual reassurance and attention from adults

Answer 8

emotional dependency

Question 9

kids normal need for adult help in solving complex problems

Answer 9

instrumental dependency

Question 10

set of beliefs of who we are as individuals

Answer 10

self-concept

Question 11

many Asian societies promote the notion of interdependence

Answer 11

collectivist orientation

Question 12

Western cultures emphasize personal identity and uniqueness of identity

Answer 12

individualistic orientation

Question 13

sense that the self endures despite temporary disruptions in relationships

Answer 13

self constancy

Question 14

positive thoughts and feelings and self

Answer 14

self-esteem

Question 15

knowledge of cultural stereotype regarding males and females

Answer 15

gender-role concept

Question 16

actions that confirm culture expectations of what is appropriate for girls and boys

Answer 16

sex type behavior

Question 17

can label themselves as girls or boys

Answer 17

gender identity

Question 18

understanding that gender in permanent; around 4-6 years old

Answer 18

gender constancy

Question 19

mental network of beliefs and expectation about males and females

Answer 19

gender schema

Question 20

ability to experience the emotions of another person

Answer 20

empathy

Question 21

wanting to want another person

Answer 21

altruism

Question 22

hurtful behavior that is intended to get or keep something that someone else has

Answer 22

instrumental agression

Question 23

impulsive retaliation for another person’s intentional action

Answer 23

reactive agression

Question 24

researchers use this term for behavior that inflects unintentional harm

Answer 24

agonism

Question 25

insults or social rejection aimed at harming that social connection between victim and other people

Answer 25

relational aggression

Question 26

unprovoked, repeated physical or verbal attacks, especially on victims who are least likely to defend themselves

Answer 26

hostile aggression

Question 27

incorporation of standards of behavior into self

Answer 27

internalization

Question 28

kids understand themselves with self-esteem and start to know themselves as a person

Answer 28

self-concept

Question 29

secondary emotions

Answer 29

self-conscious emotions

Question 30

people blames themselves when they do something wrong

Answer 30

guilt

Question 31

people feel that others blame them or disapprove of them

Answer 31

shame

Question 32

ability to monitor one’s own and other’s feeling and to use that information to guide thinking and actions

Answer 32

emotional intelligence

Question 33

capacity to control and direct emotional expression

Answer 33

emotional regulation

Question 34

ability to withhold a dominant response in order to make a non-dominant response

Answer 34

effortful control

Question 35

children who are of interest to their friends, highly regarded and can take lead as well as follow; able to sustain give and take relationships

Answer 35

social competence

Question 36

play that mimics aggression through wresting, chasing; no intended harm

Answer 36

rough and tumble play

Question 37

pretend play; very thought out and coordinated

Answer 37

sociodramatic play

Question 38

means by which kids explore environment, work on new skills and behaviors, social workshop

Answer 38

play

Question 39

kids play next to each other but not together

Answer 39

parallel play

Question 40

kids do an activity together but not engaged together

Answer 40

associative play

Question 41

“give and take” relationship in play

Answer 41

cooperative play

Question 42

kids watch other kids play

Answer 42

onlooker play

Question 43

parenting style in which the parents are nurturing, responsive and supportive, yet have firm limits on kids

Answer 43

authoritative parenting

Question 44

parenting style in which parents are unresponsive, inflexible and harsh in parenting style; speaking of emotion is rare

Answer 44

authoritarian parenting

Question 45

parents fail to set limits or to require appropriate mature behavior for kids; don’t feel responsive for shaping child

Answer 45

permissive parents

Question 46

approch to child rearing in which the parents are indifferent toward their children and unaware of what is going on in their children’s’ lives

Answer 46

neglectful/uninvolved parents