Social Development in Infancy Flashcards
emotions
feelings that provide strong and informative cues about infant’s state
temperament
reflects stable differences in behavior that impact the infant’s interactions with the social and physical world
Attachments
infant’s social, lasting relationships with others
emotional expression
communicating feelings to others through facial expression, gestures, vocalizations
reading the emotional expression of others
emotional understanding
appear deeply rooted in human biology and develop early (joy, anger, fear)
primary emotions
embarrassment, pride, guilt, shame, envy develop throughout life
secondary emotions
accompanied by increase in cortisol, indicates withdrawal
sadness
tendency to use other’s emotional expression to interpret uncertain events
social referencing
phase 1: indiscriminate social responses
1-2months
develops a repertoire of signals
phase 2: discriminate sociability
ability to recognize people
prefer to interact with familiar people
phase 3: attachments
7-24months
clearly interact rules of reciprocity in their interactions and enjoy interactions
now protest when they are left by people that they are attached to
phase 4: goal-corrected partnership
3 years onward
children take into account parents’ needs when interacting with them
attunement
caregiver draws forth and enhances infant’s attention and involvement
caregiving style in which the caregiver attends to the infant’s needs and responds to thempromtly and effectively
sensitive care
