Social Class and Education Flashcards
What are out of school social class factors affecting education?
Material deprivation
Cultural deprivation
Cultural capital
What are in school social class factors affecting education?
Labelling / self fulfilling prophecy
Setting / streaming / exam tiers
Pupil subcultures
What can material deprivation lead to?
Poor housing Poor diet Poor health Lack of educational resources May need to work while in school
What is cultural deprivation?
Refers to a lack of values, language, attitudes and skills necessary for educational success
Which social class is more likely to be affected by cultural capital?
Working class pupils
What is a subculture?
A group within society with its own values
What is fatalism?
A belief in fate that ‘whatever will be, will be’ and there is nothing you can do to change your status
How does fatalism affect WC pupils?
Causes WC pupils to underachieve as they believe they cannot change their failure in school and that’s what meant to happen
What is collectivism?
Valuing being part of a group more than succeeding as an individual
How does collectivism affect WC pupils?
Causes WC pupils to underachieve because they will care more about their friends than their own education and will be influenced by their friends decisions
What is immediate gratification?
Seeking pleasure now rather than making sacrifices in order to get rewards in the future
How does immediate gratification affect WC pupils?
Causes WC underachievement because they won’t see the importance of making sacrifices in order to benefit their future
e.g. will worry about exams the day of it
What is present time orientation?
Seeing the present as more important than the future and so not having long term goals
How does present time orientation affect WC pupils?
Causes WC pupils to underachieve because they won’t see the importance of working hard now to benefit the future as they won’t have long term goals like the MC might
What is non-fatalism?
A belief that they change their status through hard work and effort
How does non-fatalism affect MC pupils?
Causes MC pupils to achieve because they don’t accept that there is nothing they can do to change their status and they work hard to achieve
What is individualism?
Valuing succeeding as an individual more than being apart of a group
How does individualism affect MC pupils?
Causes MC pupils to achieve because they won’t be influenced by their friends and will work hard to achieve for themselves
What is deferred gratification?
Seeking pleasure later rather than now in order to recieve the rewards now
How does deferred gratification affect MC pupils?
Causes MC pupils to achieve because they see the importance of making sacrifices now in order to benefit their future
What is future time orientation?
Seeing their future as more important than the present and having long term goals
How does future time orientation affect MC pupils?
Causes MC pupils to achieve because they see the importance of working hard now to acheive their goals in the future
Which two speech codes did Bernstein identify?
Restricted code
Elaborated code
What is the restricted code?
Limited vocabulary, short simple sentences, context-bound (assumes knowledge of topic)
Typically used by WC
