Social Chapter 9 Flashcards
How did fort whoop-up get its name?
It got its name from American Whiskey traders who crossed into Canada to trade liquor for firs and buffalo robes, and hunt wolves
Why was the North West Mounted Police created?
They were worried about the violence in fort whoop up
What were the North West Mounted Police there to do?
- Show the United States that they controlled the territory
- Shield the aboriginal peoples from American outlaws
- Help newcomers to adjust the frontier
- Keep the peace between First Nation and the newcomers
- Clear out whisky traders
- Arrested law breakers
- Delivered mail
- Fought grass fires and assisted new farmers
- fought in the second uprising
Explain the Cypress Hill Massacre
A group of American solders thought that the Nakoda people had stolen their horses. They ambushed the Nakoda camp and murdered 36 men, women, and children
What was the Great March?
Police recruits were sent to cypress hills after the massacre. But, the horses died, food supplies ran low, and they got lost. Fortunately they were rescued by Metis guides
How did Lethbridge, Edmonton, and Calgary start out?
As a police fort
What was the national policy made to achieve?
A transportation policy~ to build a railway across a continent
Immigration policy~ to encourage farmers to populate western Canada
An economic policy~ to build a strong national economy for Canadians
Why did Canada want to build the transcontinental railway?
To link British Columbia
Transport resources
Bring immigrants
What are some upsides to the southern route?
The land was flatter Coal deposits near Lethbridge Close to the border Lots of profits Good for farming
How did they get the money to fund the railway?
They raised money from investors and the government provided it in grants
What were the problems that the workers faced?
During the summer: Mosquitos, and flies
Winter: bitter cold
Slept in piles of hay infested with fear and rats. Their means we’re salt pork, corned beef, molasses, beans, and tea
What was the impact of the railway?
It would bind British Columbia
Bring many newcomers to farm
What conditions did the Chinese immigrants live in?
Lived in tents had bad food
Had to pay
How did Canada mark the border?
Every 1.6 kilometers they planted an iron post, about every every 5 kilometers they built a low mound of earth.
How was the transportation policy reached?
They made a railway to bring resources, bind British Columbia, and bring many newcomers to farm
How did the surveyors divide the land?
Surveyors divided the land into large chunks called townships
Each township was divided into 36 squares called sections
Each section was divided into four quarters section (64 hectares)
What was the dominions land act?
Any head of a family could apply for land. So could any male over 21 years old. They cost 10$
Explain the newcomers from Ontario?
The government wanted to attract people to the nwt. Farmland was scarce
These people were already from Canada
Came because farmland was scarce
Explain the arrival Mennonites?
They didn’t want to fight in war so they were invited to come to Canada with religious freedom.
They were invited
They were from Russia
Explain the Iceland immigrants?
They came to Canada because of a volcanic disaster the ash was poisoning cattle and crops
The climate was harsh
Many died
How Canada achieve the immigration policy?
The invited many people to come and farm and live in freedom
How Canada not fulfill its treaties with the Aboriginal people?
Most land assigned to the First Nations was not good for farming They didn't receive equipment The were not given instructors Prevented from buying machinery Couldn't sell their crops
How did Canada achieve the economic policy?
The put taxes on things coming into the country so they would have to but the cheaper Canadian product.
What are some good things about the tariff?
New manufacturing industries created jobs
Canada’s industry needed help and the tariff would bring the money in to help
