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Sierra guide to success > SOCI 371 Final > Flashcards

SOCI 371 Final Flashcards

1
Q

Who is Garry Bunt what did he study?

A

The connection between religion and cyberspace requires some forms of synthesis of various forms of the religious studies

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2
Q

When did digital study first emerge?

A

Alongside the studies of the internet, often called cyberspace in the 1990s and early 2000s

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3
Q

How does Campbell define digital religion

A

As a framework for articulating the evolution of religious practices online which are linked to online and offline contexts simultaneously
- The blending and integration of online ad offline religious sphere

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4
Q

What are the dimensions of focus?

A

Agency: whether or not it is transformative
Theoretical perspectives
Prognosis: what’s next?

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5
Q

Describe positive agency and give an example

A

Digitization of religion makes the expansion of religious activities possible
- accessibility of religions
-diversity and inclusivity
Example: Proliferation of online spiritualities and televangelisms

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6
Q

What are the negative agencies

A

Cynicism- Garr Bunt thought that religion in the cyberspace could be problematic because the motive for making religious material on the web varies considerably

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7
Q

What is the Mediazation Theory

A
  • The main focus is the long term relationship between religion and media is directly implicative for cultural orientations
  • Relies on the assumption that meanings are transferred through acts of receiving, consuming and interpreting
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8
Q

What is the third space

A

The media provides the platform through which people unpack religious beliefs and values (settings that go between offline and online)

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9
Q

What is Hypermediated Religious Spaces

A

According to Evolvi it is the intensification of practices in the cyber space

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10
Q

Religious social shaping technology

A

This theory was the works of Campbell
The main idea of this theory is that the performance of religion in the cyberspace is largely influenced by social interactions and not vice versa- technologies are negotiated in groups

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11
Q

What does the RSST bend towards and what are the four principles?

A

The theory negates technological determinism, it bends towards social determinism with these principles
1. tradition and history of a religious community
2. communal value and principles
3. Acceptance, rejection, and innovation of technology by a group
4. Discourse regarding the use of technology

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12
Q

What time period was there a monolithic view of religion in the country

A

Prior to 1960’s

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13
Q

How did colonial powers thrive

A

Through a system of conversion (religious conversion inclusive)

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14
Q

How many people identified as Christians in 1971 compared to 2021

A

1971 90% of people identified as Christians
2021 53.3% of people identified as Christian

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15
Q

Why has the belief in God decreased in modern society?

A

The impact of religion in a contemporary Canada has reduced partly because of a push towards multiculturalism and partly due to the Quite Revolution in Quebec

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16
Q

What made the shift to secularism?

A

The division between the Catholics and the Protestants

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17
Q

Define Secularization

A

Primarily stimulated by the Quite Revolution of the 1960’s, a shift away from supposed anachronistic traditionalism meant declining of mainstream religion. Thus, religion was no longer tenable factor for negotiating public discussions- privatization of religion

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18
Q

Define Revitalization

A

Traditional religions are optimistic about the probability of their comebacks
- Due partly to continued role of religion in the lives of many Canadians

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19
Q

Define Polarization

A

This is a term Billy used to portray the prevailing demographic pluralism in which people across different faiths, generations, cultures, and those who do not believe in religion, coexist in Canada

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20
Q

Did religion diversity in Canada predate colonialism?

A

yes

21
Q

What is globalization according to Robertson

A

Roland Robertson described globalization as a multi-dimensional process the process being cultural, the social, the political

22
Q

What is globalization from a critical lens

A

Jean Baudrillard sees globalization as closely linked to the creation of simulated realities, where these hyper-realities become more and more significant then actual reality itself

23
Q

What does globalization fuse

A

globalization is a multi-layered and radical process of blurring borderlines by fusing
- culture
- trades
- practices
- etc

24
Q

How does religion and globalization work together

A

While religion is a pervasive concept, globalization makes it more accessible

25
Q

What enhances religious syncretism

A

Globalization trends

26
Q

Define Fundamentalism

A

Refers to a belief, a movement, or an agitation for a return to foundational truth embedded in basic religious text

27
Q

What does fundamentalism contradict with

A

Liberal ideology or modernity

28
Q

According to Anson when did fundamentalism become popular

A

In 1910 after the publication of a series by two brothers who were businessmen- the Fundamentals
- the purpose was to promote biblical inerrancy

29
Q

What do post modernist believe the rise the fundamentalism was due to

A
  1. a response to secularization especially a perceived decline of morality
  2. a response to social change (gender equality)
    Their aim to re-affirm the true religion
  3. a response to globalization, especially the increasing influence of consumerism whose decadence is seen by some members of less developed societies as a threat to their faith and identity
30
Q

What are the characteristics of fundamentalism

A

1) Infallible interpretation of religious
texts and theology literally and selectively.
2) Aversion towards modern science.
3) Rejection of religious pluralism
and intolerance of other religions.
-Monotheism.
4) Patriarchal control is regarded as the norm.
5) Traditional and conservative is favoured at the expense of the modern and liberal which are interpreted as
morally corrupt
6) Probable world hegemony

31
Q

What became established that broadened fundamentalism

A

The establishment of the Muslim brotherhood in Egypt in the late 1920s, then spread to Syria and Lebanon

32
Q

What do Islamic fundamentalism favours

A

The marriage of faith, state, and patriarchy such that policies and social events reflect a “pan-Islam that must be proselytized abroad in order to create an ideal ummah

33
Q

What are the cases of fundamentalist push pull forces

A
  • Hinduist Fundamentalism
  • Sikhist fundamentalisms
  • Buddhist fundamentalism
34
Q

How is globalization of fundamentalism a reversal process?

A

Aims at undoing the supposed ills of occidental civilization by
- resisting institutional differentiation
- Nationalist rebirth

35
Q

How does fundamentalism view science

A

That science is not bad but must be used in accordance with traditional religious terms
- therefor they don’t reject but they are selective with the science they agree with and its soley on their terms

36
Q

What are religious fundamentalist were driven to seek

A

to maintain a majoritarian position even at the price eliminating other small pluralities

37
Q

How can violence be used in fundamentalism

A

As a tool of consolidation in the name of reinstating a sacred regime under such conditions like the Taliban is extremist functionalist

38
Q

Define exclusion

A

sticking with strongly held traditional beliefs and othering non complaint canadian

39
Q

Define assimilation

A

Rather than flagrantly rejecting people, they are enjoined to fit into the dominant religious status quo

40
Q

Define Pluralism

A

This model suggests that all and sundry are not only welcomed but are also free to express their religious beliefs

41
Q

According to the guest lecture, how does the adoption of the new media technologies by religious leaders translates to the performance of religion online?

A

enhancing traditional hierarchies

42
Q

What does the “Bushirified” identity represent in the context of online religious communities

A

Expression of disagreement(dissent) towards authorities figure who are unsupportive of there religious figures

43
Q

How does fundamentalism realign society theologically

A

Reclaiming and proclaiming authority over sacred affairs

44
Q

What does the Kantian philosophy in Canada promote?

A

The idea that moral living is the core essence of true religion

45
Q

What country hosts some of the biggest denominations in the world?

A

Nigeria

46
Q

Why is Nigeria considered the most Pentecostal country

A

precarious economic situations of the country or a result of the political instability

47
Q

What is one of the major forms of Pentecostal political activism in Nigeria

A

Christian students social movement of Nigeria

48
Q

How does the Bushiri reinforce his religious authority

A

Bushiri in his appropriation Facebook reinforces his authority in creative ways. He uses “i” when discussing what God tells him to reinforce traditional hierarchies

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