Arky Midterm Two Flashcards
What is L’anse aux Meadows and where is it located
northernmost tip of Newfoundland and it represents that only undisputed archaeological evidence of the Norse presence in north america
When and who discovered the Kensington Runestone
was discovered in 1898 by a Swedish immigrant Olof Ohman who unearthed the find in a field in central Minnesota
Explain the European in the new world before Columbus (navigatio)
The Irish priest St. Brendan was supposed to have embarked on a seven year trip westward into the atlantic ocean sometime in the late fifth and early sixth centuries
who is Barry Fell
Provides ostensible evidence not just for the discovery but also for the exploration and colonization of the Americas by Iberians
what is the Mound Builder
Does not refer to a specific people or archaeological culture but characteristics mound earth works constructed by emerging complex societies and chiefdoms
Who discovered the Kensington Runestone
Swedish immigrant Olof Ohman
Where did they think that the so called Land Promised to the Saints
North America
Who is Barry Fell
Harvard marine biologist provides Ostensible evidence not just for the exploration and colonization of the Americas by Iberians
What is the Cahokia
The largest and best known Mississippian centers, currently located in Illinois
What is Monks Mound
Largest architectural monument north of Mexico built in several stages 5.6 hectares at its base
Who is Lewis Henry Morgan
Ancient society who suggested the idea that culture evolves in progressive and linear stages, each stage corresponding to certain types of technology
What are the stages of the cultural evolution in the 19th century
Savagery: Fishing, bow and arrow (aboriginals)
Barbarism: Ceramics, domestication of plants and animals (native americans)
Civilizations: writing, phonetic alphabet, creation of laws (greeks)
What are the assumptions that comes along with cultural evolution in the 19th century
Implied racialized worldveiw races are more superior
What is the grave creek stone
a small sandstone disc was inscribed with 25 alphabetical and Pseudo-alphabetical characters on one side
Who was the first to examine the grave creek stone
Henry rows schoolcraft
Who discovered the bat creek stone
John W. Emmert during excavation of Tipton Mound 3 eastern tennessee
What and who discovered the Newark holy stones
David Wyrick, and was a keystone inscribed with Hebrew contains the phrases “Holy of
Holies”, “King of the Earth”, “The Law of God”, and “The Word of
God”.
During the 18th and 19th centuries, many Americans accepted the notion that First
Nations peoples were NOT connected with the Mound Building culture. Five basic
arguments were presented:
) Indians were too primitive to have built the mounds and produced the works in
stone, metal, and clay attributed to the mound-builder culture. * 2) The mounds and associated artifacts were much more ancient than even the
earliest remnants of Indian culture. * 3) Stone tablets were found in the mounds that bore inscriptions in European,
Asian, or African alphabets. * 4) Native people were not building mounds when they were first contacted by
European explorers and settlers, and local groups were ignorant of mound
construction and use when asked. * 5) Metal artifacts made of iron, silver, ore-derived copper, and various alloys had
been found in the mounds, beyond the technological knowledge of Native groups
Who is Thomas Jefferson what did he do
a USA president and he advocated for the advancement of the
sciences and Enlightenment ideals
Jefferson’s investigation, part of Notes on the State of Virginia
(1787), was the first example of scientific archaeology in the
United States
Who is Cyrus Thomas
: Tennessee ethnologist,
entomologist, and archaeologist
* Thomas’ research became a cornerstone of
modern scientific archaeology and laid to
rest the myth of a Lost Race of Mound
Builders..
Oversaw the Bat creek Stone excavations where he concluded that the inscriptions were from the Cherokee alphabet which concluded that the Cherokee built many of there mounds in eastern USA
what did Thomas believe in regards to Natives
it was clear that Native groups
were responsible for the construction of
earthworks across the United States
