ARKY final Flashcards
What are the assumptions of science
There is a real and knowable universe.
* The universe operates according to
laws.
* The laws are immutable.
* The laws can be studied, revealed, and
understood.
who is J. Allen Hyneck
American astronomer and UFO researcher, wrote many books on people experiences with ufo and encounters
who is Carl Sagan
first met Drake in the early
1960s while working as a graduate student
at Berkeley. He was impressed by Drake’s
ideas about extraterrestrial life, and the two
would work closely together during their
careers.
he published the article Direct
Contact among Galactic Civilizations by
Relativistic Interstellar Spaceflight, using
scientific methods to explore ideas about
“ancient astronauts”.
who is Giorgio Tsoukalos
Greek-Swiss author and television personality known for his promotion of ancient astronaut theories
Who is Graham Hancock
British author and journalist known for his unconventional theories about ancient civilizations
who is Isaac de la Peyrere
French theologian and author who proposed the pre-Adamite theory
-native of the new world must have reached its shores sometime after the flood and could therefore be traced to one of Noahs three son
Plate Tectonics
Scientific theory that describes the large-scale motion of Earth’s lithosphere, disproved that idea that the continent of atlantis didn’t just fall into the sea overnight
Induction
arguing from specific observations to generalities to form probable conclusion
Acromegaly
Hormonal disorder that occurs when the pituitary gland produces excessive growth hormone
Scientific Skepticism
Approach of questioning and evaluating claims based on scientific evidence
Mastaba
Ancient Egyptian tomb with a rectangular base and sloping sides
for burals of richer egyptians
Monumental Works
Large-scale structures or creations that have historical, cultural, or artistic significance
Erich von Däniken
proposed that there was indisputable and copious archaeological support for his claim that extraterrestrial aliens had visited Earth in prehistory and had played a significant role in the development of humanity.
Ignatius Donnelly
writer known for his theories about Atlantis and other ancient civilization
that atlantis was the mother culture
thought the global flood myth (noah ark) was inspired from atlantis
John Major Jenkins
American author and researcher known for his work on the Maya calendar and 2012 phenomenon
Jose de Acosta
Spanish Jesuit missionary and Agued that humans and animals came into the new world using the same route using a route between Eastern Asia and the western region of the new world. this did not contradict with the bible
Augustus le Plongeon
Translated a maya Indian book troano codex with a alphabet that conected maya to ancient egyptians
One in-person final exam, worth 15% of the final grade, will be given during the last class meeting on December 5. The closed-book exam will incorporate information from Frauds, Myths, and Mysteries (chapters 11 and 12) and related lecture material.
Frank Drake
American astronomer and astrophysicist known for his work on the search for extraterrestrial intelligence
-creator of the drake equations, co-designed the Pioneer Plaque, the first physical message sent into space
Enrico Fermi
Italian-American physicist known for his contributions to the development of nuclear energy and the Fermi paradox
Giovanni da Verrazano
Italian explorer who was the first European to sail into New York Harbor
Deduction
arguing from generalities to specifics to form certain conclusions
Younger Dryas
Period of abrupt climate change that occurred around 12,900 to 11,700 years ago
Diffusionism
the idea that civilization spread from a single”mother culture” to all other prehistoric global societies
Convergence of Evidence
When multiple lines of evidence support the same conclusion or theory
Temene
T-shaped 7-10-ton monolithic pillars cut from local limestone quarries and erected within circular compounds
Pareidolia
Psychological phenomenon where the mind perceives a pattern or meaning in random or ambiguous stimuli
Ziggurat
Ancient Mesopotamian temple tower with a stepped or terraced structure
Food Production
Process of cultivating crops and raising animals for human consumption
Haplogroups
Haplogroups
Göbekli Tepe
megalithic monumental construction, construction began around 11,600 ya.
carvings of animals, humanoid figures and features
-built by hunter gathers, site hosted great feast
Full Time Specialists
Individuals who dedicate their professional careers to a specific field or area of expertise, this usually develops after food surplus in civilizations, leaving individuals with more time to focus on specialized crafts.
Catalhoyuk, Turkey
Is one of the oldest and largest complex settlements in the Neolithic, 18 different occupation levels of this site
Commitment to an agricultural way of life
Not considered a city
what is the tallest man made thing
the great pyramid standing at 147m tall
what is occams razor
suggest that the simplest explanations with the fewest assumptions is preferable
what is the fermi paradox
is the discrepancy between the lack of conclusive evidence of advanced extraterrestrial life compared to the apparently high a priori likelihood of its existence
what are the three hypotheses are found within von daniken work
- around the globe there are ancient illustrations of aliens on earth
- the biological evolution of humans cannot be understood unless we assume personal involvement of alien civilization
3) Some technologies, abilities, artifacts, and inventions
are far too complex and advanced to have resulted from
simple, prehistoric human intelligence and ingenuity.
how did the ancient greeks believe the giza pyramids were built
slave labor
what is the horny astronaut hypothesis
a few
specially selected women would be
fertilized by the astronauts. Thus, a new
race would arise that skipped a stage in
natural evolution
how were the maya pyramids connect to symbolize
Witz or the hollow mountain deity
why is the inkbot hypothesis difficult
untestable and relies on personal interpretations over those supported by local oral traditions and cultural symbolism
why is the horny astronaut not true
Argues against human evolution is not biologically feasible and not supported by genetic data
what does the our ancestors the dummies argue
discredits cultural and humans ingenuity to construct monuments and features that modern societies can only replicate through advanced technology. there is no reason that past societies could not through observations trial and error and lots of human effort build these impressive constructions
what is the most fringe opinions associated with civilizations rely heavily on the concept of
diffusionism which is the idea that civilization spread from a single mother culture to all other prehistoric global societies
what theory does archaeologist favor
Independent invention: being the idea that characteristics of civilization were developed independently within isolated societies based on there own unique cultural, social, and political trajectories
what is Gobekli tepe
’s important because it shows that early humans came together to build complex structures, suggesting they had social and religious practices earlier than we thought
what are the primary claims of graham hancock
more then 15,000 years ago there was a advanced civilization
advanced civilization came into contact with the native people of india who lacked sophistication
which archaeological sites are commonly linked to the alien theories
the chaco canyon, nazca lines, and pyramids of egypt
who were key figures in popularizing the idea of atlantis as a real place
ignatuis donnelly and helena blavatsky
