Soc 16 Flashcards
What do the arteries do
Take blood away from the heart
Describe an arterie
Thick walls that are more elastic then viens as they need to carry blood at a high pressure
What is the channel that the blood flows through called
The Lumen
Describe the polmonary arterie
The polmonary arterie arterie carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
What do veins do?
Carry deoxygenated blood back into the heart
Describe a vein
Much thinner walls then arteries, are not very elastic and carry blood at a lower pressure
What does the polmonary vein do?
It carries oxygenated blood back into the heart from the lungs
Describe a capilliaries
Microscopic - one cell thick
Whats the first step of the capilliaries job?
They carry oxygenated blood to the working muscles and then transfere oxygen and nutrients to the muscle
Whats the second job of capilliaries
They carry deoxygenated blood away from the muscles and dispose of waste producs
What are 2 different waste products that the capilliaries get rid of?
Carbon dioxide and lactic acid
What rythm does the heart beat in?
Lub dub
What is the first phase of the heart beating called?
Systolic phase
What is the second phase of the heart beating called?
Diastolic phase
What happens in the first phase of heart beat?
Blood is pumped from both atria into the ventricles (lub), both ventricles then contract (dub)
What is happening when (lub dub) occurs?
Deoxygenated blood leaves the right ventricle through the polmonary arterie towards the lungs whilst oxygenated blood leaves the left ventricle via the aorta out to the body
What happens in the second phase of heart beat?
This is when the heart relaxes and refills with the atria filling with blood
What do red blood cells do?
Transport oxygen around the body in blood
What do red blood cells contain
Haemoglobin ( a red pigment ) which stores oxygen and carbon dioxide
Sporting example that needs red blood cells
Long distance runner needing more oxygen when running
Describe white blood cell
Bigger then red blood cells and are transparent
What do white blood cells do
Defence system - produce antibodies that fight against infection and desieses
Sporting example of white blood cells
If an athlete has a infection/disease they may not be able to train/perform
How are platelets formed
They are formed in bone marrow
