Skull and face Flashcards
How many bones are in the skull
22
Cranium is divided into _____ and _______
vault and base
What does the cranial vault consist of
Superior, lateral and posterior aspects of the skull and forehead
What does the cranial base consist of
Anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossae
How many bones does the cranium have
8
What is the acronym used to remember the bones of the cranium
POSTOF
What are the 8 bones of the cranium
Parietal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Temporal
Occipital
Frontal
What are the two PAIRS of bones in the cranium
Parietal
Frontal
Supraorbital margin
Bulky bit over eye socket
Supraorbital foramen
Little holes for blood, nutrients etc in supraorbital margin
Glabella
Smooth part between eyebrows
What bone forms the roof of orbits
Frontal
What bone forms the anterior cranial fossa
Frontal
Cranial fossa
Formed by floor of cranial cavity
What bone forms the superior and lateral parts of the skull
Parietal bones
What bones are the bulk of the cranial vault
Parietal bones
What bones forms the base of the skull
Occipital bones
How many sutures with parietal bones? Where do they articulate
4
Frontal
Occipital
Temporal bones
What bone articulates anteriorly with parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones
occipital
What bone contains the foramen magnum
Occipital
Foramen magnum
Large hole at the base of the occipital bone for the spinal cord
Occipital condyles
Allows you to nod your head
Articulates with first cervical vertebrae
What bones form inferior and lateral parts of the skull
Temporal bones
What are the three different regions of the temporal bones
Squamous
Tympanic
Petrous
Describe the squamous region of the temporal bones
Flat
from the zygomatic process to the cheekbone (where mandible meets mandibular fossa)
Mandibular fossa
Oval depression behind zygomatic process for the condyles of the mandible to articulate with
What is a process
is a projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body
Describe the tympanic region of the temporal bones
Surrounds external auditory meatus
What is the petrous region of the temporal bone
Internal aspect of temporal bone that houses middle and inner ear cavities
Mastoid process - function and location
Major attachment for some neck muscles - temporal bones
Styloid process - function and location
Attachment area for tongue muscles and some neck muscles - petrous region of temporal bones
Sphenoid bone function
Forms base of middle cranial fossa
Contributes to base of anterior cranial fossa
How many pairs of processes does the sphenoid bone have
3
What are the 3 pairs of processes belonging to the sphenoid bone
Greater wings
Lesser wings
Pterygoid processes
Central body of sphenoid bone contains what
sphenoid sinuses
Where does the ethmoid bone reside
Deep between orbits and nasal cavities
What is the function of the ethmoid bone
separates nasal cavity from the brain
What is a suture
Joint that does not move
What are the four main cranial sutures
squamous
coronal
sagittal
lambdoid
Squamous suture
Connects parietal and temporal bones
Coronal suture
Connects frontal and parietal bones
Sagittal suture
Connects parietal bones
Lambdoid suture
Connects occipital and parietal sutures
sutural bones
Little bones along a suture due to extra ossification zones during development
How many facial bones do you have? Pairs?
14 bones, 6 pairs
What are the 14 facial bones
Mandible
2 nasal bones
2 nasal conchae
2 maxillae
2 zygomatic
2 lacrimal
2 palatine
Vomer
What is the largest and strongest facial bone
Mandible
What is the name for the lower jaw bone
Mandible
Alveolar margins
Contains tooth sockets
What bone has the TMJ joint
Mandible
What is the internasal suture
Where the two nasal bones articulate
What do the nasal bones form
Bridge of the nose
How many pairs of nasal conchae bones are there
3
What do the superior and middle nasal conchae bones form
Ethmoid bone
What is the largest pair of nasal conchae bones
Inferior
What do the inferior nasal conchae bones form
Lateral wall of the nasal cavity
What is the keystone facial bone
Maxillary
What are the palatine processes
Two halves of the upper roof of your mouth
What do the palatine processes form
2/3 of the hard palate
What are the maxillary sinuses
The ones that often get infected
On each side of the maxillae
Incisive fossa
Hole in the anterior portion of the roof of your mouth for blood vessels and nerves and shit
What are the zygomatic bones
Cheekbones
What are and where are the lacrimal bones
Fingernail shaped bones on front/inside portion of orbit
Lacrimal fossa
Depression in the lacrimal bones for the lacrimal sac
Lacrimal sac
reservoir for overflow of tears
what does the horizontal portion of the palatine bones form
some of the hard palate
What does the vertical portion of palatine bones form
Nasal cavities and orbits
What is the thin bone that forms the nasal septum
Vomer
What do the orbits encase
Eyes and lacrimal glands
Lacrimal glands
It continually releases fluid which cleanses and protects the eye’s surface as it lubricates and moistens it
What are the 7 bones that form the orbits
Zygomatic
Frontal
Ethmoid
Lacrimal
Maxillae
Sphenoid
Palatine
What is the only bone that does NOT articulate with other bonse
Hyoid bone
Whats the function of they hyoid bone (2)
supports tongue
attachment site for speech and swallowing muscles
What is the bone with a horseshoe shaped body
Hyoid bone
Function of paranasal sinuses (3)
Lighten skull
enhance voice resonance
help warm and humidify incoming air
What are the paranasal sinuses filled with
Air, but lined with mucus
What are the 4 kinds of paranasal sinues
Maxillary
Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
