Perception Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three main levels of neural integration in the somatosensory system

A

Receptor level
circuit level
perceptual level

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2
Q

what is in the receptor level

A

sensory receptors

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3
Q

what is in the circuit level

A

ascending pathways

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4
Q

fine touch runs up the _______ column to reach the medulla

A

dorsal white column

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5
Q

is the dorsal white column a descending tract or an ascending tract

A

ascending tract

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6
Q

from and to where does a first order neuron conduct impulses

A

from the skin to the spinal cord or brain stem

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7
Q

where does the cell body of a first order neuron reside

A

in a dorsal root of the spine or cranial ganglia

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8
Q

where is the sensory tip of the first order neuron

A

just into the peripheral nervous system

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9
Q

where are third order neurons located

A

in the thalamus

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10
Q

where do third order neurons conduct impulses to

A

the somatosensory cortex

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11
Q

where is the cell body of the second order neurons

A

either in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord or the medullary nuclei

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12
Q

what is the pathway taken by pain and temperature

A

spinothalamic

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13
Q

what kind of neurons are in the spinothalamic pathway

A

second order

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14
Q

where do second order neurons transmit signals

A

to the thalamus or cerebellum

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15
Q

where does fine touch impulses go to

A

directly to brain stem into medulla

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16
Q

what is the primary sensory neuron of vision

A

bipolar cell

17
Q

what is the second order neuron in vision

A

ganglion cell

18
Q

what is the primary sensory neuron of hearing

A

bipolar cell in spiral ganglion

19
Q

what is the second order neuron in hearing

A

the superior oliveri nucleus in hte brain stem

20
Q

what is the key point about a second order neuron

A

they cross the midline

21
Q

what is the word to describe crossing the midline

A

decussation

22
Q

What pathway has second order neurons in the spinal cord

A

spinothalamic

23
Q

what pathways has second order neurons in the medulla

A

dorsal column

24
Q

what pathway does fine touch go through

A

dorsal column pathway

25
Q

where does decussation occur for fine touch

A

in the brain stem (medulla)

26
Q

what nerve innervates muscles for mastification

A

trigeminal nerve

27
Q

what is perceptual detection

A

detecting that a stimulus has occured

28
Q

what is magnitude estimation

A

how much of a stimulus is acting

29
Q

what is spatial discrimination

A

identifying the site or pattern of the simulus

30
Q

where does the thalamus project fibers to? (2)

A

somatosensory cortex
sensory association areas

31
Q

what is feature abstraction

A

used to identify a substance that has a specific texture or shape

32
Q

what is quality discrimination

A

ability to identify sub modalities of a sensation (sweet or sour)

33
Q

what is basal nuclei responsible for

A

movement initiation

34
Q

what is the lowest level of motor control

A

segmental level

35
Q

what is the highest level of motor control

A

precommand level

36
Q

what is the middle level of motor control

A

projection level