Motor shit Flashcards

1
Q

name of direct projects to spinal cord

A

corticospinal

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2
Q

name of indirect projects to spinal cord

A

corticobulbar

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3
Q

where is movement initiated

A

basal ganglia

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4
Q

what regulates movement

A

the cerebellum

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5
Q

where does the info from the cerebellum go

A

the motor cortex

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6
Q

what occurs when there are lesions on the basal ganglia

A

akinesia

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7
Q

what occurs when there are lesions on the cerebellum

A

dyskinesia

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8
Q

what level of control involves the motor cortex

A

middle

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9
Q

what level of control involves the cerebellum and basal nuclei

A

highest

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10
Q

what is the lowest level of motor control

A

spinal cord

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11
Q

what is akenisa

A

not being able to make movements

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12
Q

what is dyskenisia

A

no good fine movements

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13
Q

what side of the brain is the brocas area on

A

left normally

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14
Q

what two neurons are involved in motor pathways

A

upper and lower

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15
Q

where is the upper motor neuron

A

in the motor cortex

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16
Q

what is the lower motor neuron

A

spinal motor neuron or a cranial nerve motor neuron

17
Q

what does the word corticobulbar mean

A

cortex to the brain stem

18
Q

the direct pathway regulates what kind of movements

A

fast and fine (skilled)

19
Q

lesions in the white matter of the brain or spinal cord will lead to what and why (2 whats)

A

paralysis because you lose innervation of the true motor neuron

enhancement of the spinal reflex

20
Q

damage to the lower motor neuron will result in

A

lower neuron paralysis

no spinal reflexes

21
Q

where would a cut be for paraplegia

A

between T1 and L1

22
Q

where would a cut be for quadriplegia

A

in the cervical region

23
Q

what is damaged in flaccid paralysis

A

ventral root or anterior horn cells

24
Q

what is damaged in spastic paralysis

A

upper motor neurons of primary motor cortex

25
what type of paralysis has no voluntary or involuntary muscle control
flaccid
26
what type of paralysis has the spinal neurons remaining intact
spastic
27
what type of paralysis has muscles stimulated irregularly
spastic
28
what type of system controls neck head and eye movements
indirect
29
what system would you use to play the piano
direct
30
what system would you use to move a piano
indirect
31
where do all indirect pathways end
ventral horn
32
what are the 4 kinds of indirect pathways
tectospinal vestibulospinal rubrospinal reticulospinal
33
what are the two kinds of direct pathways
lateral corticospinal ventral cortiocospinal
34
what are the most prominent descending tracts
corticospinal
35
what are the two kinds of corticospinal tracts
lateral ventral
36
what are the two kinds of reticulospinal tracts
medial lateral