Skinny Bitches Flashcards
anorexia
unable or unwillingness to eat or total aversion to food
hyporexia
a reduction in appetite can be referred to as partial anorexia
emaciated
an extreme loss of muscle and subcutaneous fat caused by malnutrition
starvation
severe deficiency in caloric intake below needed to maintain life
cachexia
complicated metabolic syndrome related to underlying illness and characterized by muscle mass loss with or without fat mass loss
what is the main consequence of reduced appetite and anorexia?
malnutrition
make sure your physical exam includes a thorough __ exam
dental
where is muscle loss usually first noted?
in the epaxial muscles on each side of the spine, then variable at other sites
what should you correct before applying nutritional support?
dehydration
should you wait to provide nutritional support to an animal that hasn’t eaten for 3 days?
NO
Initial goals for tx of anorexic patients
stabilize the patient
give smaller meals to start for 1-7 days then increase to 100% RER if there are no complications
refeeding syndrome
complex syndrome of starved animals once they start eating again where the metabolism shifts from breaking down protein and fat back to utilizing carbs, resulting in a surge of insulin →
insulin causes intracellular shifts of K+ and phosphorus that can ultimately lead to death secondary to cardiac dysfunction
Assess the patient - long term goal
patient stable over 100% RER over several days
- then transition to DER
what are some examples of appetite stimulants
- capromorelin: ghrelin agonist
- mirtazapine: serotonin antagonist
- cyptoheptadine: serotonin antagonist
- diazepam/midazolam
- propofol
what would indicate enteral methods of assisted feeding
if the gut works and theres a gag reflex
ex. NG, E, G tube and finger
