Skin Part 2: Integument and Barriers to Infection

Question 1

What are used to treat Psoriasis?

Answer 1

Retinoids

Question 2

Why are retinoids used to treat Psoriasis?

Answer 2

they are anti-proliferative (slows skin growth)

Question 3

The papillary layer stain _____

Answer 3

pale due to less collagen and elastin

Question 4

What is the most common GAG in the dermis?

Answer 4

Dermatan Sulfate

Question 5

What are things you would find in the dermis?

Answer 5

GAGs, Fibroblasts, collagen, elastin, reticular fibers, blood vessels and nerves, small # of macrophages, lymphocytes and mast cells

Question 6

Dermal Papillae are really prominent in

Answer 6

thick skin

Question 7

AV Shunts act as a

Answer 7

bypass

Question 8

Do we see fat in the Dermis?

Answer 8

NO

Question 9

The hypodermis defining characteristic

Answer 9

the amount of fat

Question 10

If there is fat it can’t be

Answer 10

DERMIS

Question 10

In the hypodermis you find

Answer 10

fat
blood vessels and veins
hair follicles (base)
apocrine/eccrine glands

Question 11

dermatitis

Answer 11

inflammation of the skin

Question 12

dermatitis is also know as

Answer 12

eczema

Question 13

“eczema” is applied to a

Answer 13

range of persistent skin conditions

Question 14

What type of dermatitis is eczema commonly used to describe?

Answer 14

atopic dermatitis

Question 15

What are the 3 common skin tumors?

Answer 15

squamous cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma
melanoma

Question 16

What types of skin tumor are derived from epithelial cells (keratinocytes)?

Answer 16

squamous cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma

Question 17

What type of skin tumor are derived from melanocytes?

Answer 17

melanoma

Question 18

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 18

nest of squamous cells
extend into dermis
eosinic cytoplasm and large nucleus

Question 19

basal cell carcinoma

Answer 19

small cells
a lot of apoptotic cells
stoma has a lot of GAGs

Question 20

melanoma

Answer 20

most aggressive form
pagetoid spread of melanocytes

Question 21

pagetoid spread

Answer 21

“upward spreading” of abnormal cells in the epidermis

Question 22

First intention healing

Answer 22

clean(surgical) incision
edges can come together

Question 23

First intention healing steps

Answer 23

1. blood clot forms
2. neutrophils arrive (3-24hrs)
3. basale cells begin mitosis (24-48hrs)
4. neutrophils are replaced by macrophages (Day 3-7)
5. incision filled with granulation tissue
6. continued firboplasia and collagen repair also itching
   (week 2)
7. connective tissue scar, without inflammation (month 2)

Question 24

granulation tissue

Answer 24

early kind of connective tissue
forms a “patch”

Question 25

in First intention healing steps Day 3-7 what are the 3 process that occur?

Answer 25

neovascularization
fibroplasia
reepithelialization

Question 25

in First intention healing steps week 2 there is a progressive decrease in

Answer 25

inflammation

Question 26

keloid

Answer 26

raised thickened connective tissue scar
excess fibroplasia

Question 27

A person with Vitamin C deficiency see

Answer 27

collagen breakdown
old scars can reopen

Question 28

Second Intention Healing

Answer 28

larger loss of tissue
wound edges do not approximate
inflammation is more pronounced

Question 29

Second Intention Healing steps

Answer 29

1. initial clot
2. basale cells migrate to edge if wound (0.5mm/day)
   3.proliferation/maturation of keartinocytes
   4.migrating front slowly restores the layers

Question 30

How long does it take to fill a cm wide cut?

Answer 30

3 weeks

Question 31

How long does it take a cell in the basale layer to get to the corneum layer during Second Intention Healing?

Answer 31

25 days (“doing double time”)

Question 32

What cause wound contraction?

Answer 32

myofibroblasts

Question 33

1st degree burn

Answer 33

only epidermis

Question 34

2nd degree burn

Answer 34

both epidermis and the dermis

Question 35

3rd degree burn

Answer 35

epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis