Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology Lecture Test 2 > Cartilage > Flashcards

Cartilage Flashcards

1
Q

Cartilage is a

A

connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are cells in cartilage?

A

chondroblast and chondrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cartilage is

A

avasulcar

and no nerve supply of lymphatics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are functions of the cartilage?

A

bear mechanical stresses
shock absorber
bone growth
fracture repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

A

Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

perichondrium

A

-dense connective tissue interface
-carries blood supply
-source of new cartilage cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What has a perichondrium?

A

hyaline and elastic cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

fibrogenic cells

A

-outer layer of perichondrium
-become fibroblasts
-mostly collagen 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

fibrogenic cells give rise to

A

fibers and ground substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

chondrogenic

A

-inner layer of the perichondrium
- makes cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

chondrogenic gives rise to

A

chondroblasts and osteoprogenitor cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What helps to determine if the chondrogenic gives rise to to chondroblasts or osteoprogenitor cells

A

amount of oxygen tissue sees

high- bone
low- cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Chondroblasts

A

-make the extracellular matrix to make cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chondrocytes

A

-often in groups of 2-8 cells (isogenous groups)
-within lacunae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Isogenous Group

A

grouping of 2-8 chrondrocyts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chrondroclasts

A

-cartilage resorption
- remove calcified cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Chrondroclasts may derive from

A

monocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Matrix

A

ALWAYS collagen 2 and GAGs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the most commnon gags found in the cartilage matrix?

A

hyaluronic acid
chondroitin
keratan
heparin sulfate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What GAGs control hardness or rigidity of the matrix?

A

C-4 and 6-s

21
Q

Proteoglycans

A

-core proteins with GAG side chain
-found in the matrix

22
Q

What is the most abundant monomer in the matrix?

A

Aggrecan

23
Q

Aggrecan

A

hyaluronic acid with proteoglycans attached

24
Q

Gel like consistency of the matrix is due to

A
  1. electrostatic bonds between collagen and GAG side chain
  2. binding of water to GAGs (holds a lot of water)
25
Q

Examples of Glycoproteins in the matrix

A

link Proteins
fibronectin
chondronectin

26
Q

Function of Glycoproteins in the matrix

A

attach matrix components to one and other

27
Q

What does achondronectin bind to

A

-C-4 and C-6 sulfates
-HA
-intergrins
(all on the surface of the chondrocyte)

28
Q

Territorial Matrix

A

wrapped around isogenous groups

high GAGs
low collagen

29
Q

Inter-Territorial

A

surrounds Territorial Matrix

more collagen (2)
fewer proteoglycans

30
Q

Pericellular Matrix

A

right outside the plasma membrane of the chondrocyte

  • zone of cell surface receptors where interactions take place
31
Q

Where is Hyaline Cartilage found?

A

epiphyseal plate, costal cartilage, and temporarily in skeleton of embryo

32
Q

What stimulates the growth of Hyaline cartilage?

A

hormones

33
Q

What influences abnormal growth and calcification of Hyaline cartilage?

A

hormones and vitamins

34
Q

Elastic Cartilage

A

flexible
a lot of elastin

35
Q

Hyaline Elastic Cartilage have perichondrium in all places, except for

A

articular surfaces

36
Q

Where do you find Elastic Cartilage?

A

in ear, epiglottis, laryngeal cartilages , auricle, and auditory tube

37
Q

Where do you find chondrocytes in a row?

A

Fibrocartilage

38
Q

Fibrocartilage is abundant with

A

collagen 1 and 2

39
Q

The ground substance of Fibrocartilage has

A

dermatan and chondroitin sulfate

40
Q

Where is Fibrocartilage found?

A

-ligaments articular sufaces
-around nucleus pulposus
-symphysis pubis
-menisci
-labrum

41
Q

Fibrocartilage due to damage

A

replaces damaged hyaline cartilage, but is not as good of a shock absorber

42
Q

What are the two ways cartilage grows?

A

-appositional growth
-interstitial growth

43
Q

Appositional growth

A

chondrogenic layer of perichondrium makes new cartilage
- makes thicker, but is limited to how thick it can get

44
Q

Interstitial growth

A

-chondrocytes divide within lacunae (makes isogenous groups)
-new chondrocytes lay down new matrix

45
Q

Both appositional growth and interstitial growth are limited by

A

avascular nature (must still be able to diffuse nutrients to farthest portion)

46
Q

Cartilage repair is due primarily to

A

activity of the perichondrium

47
Q

Cartilage repair

A

-more common during growth
-adults have fewer chondrocytes produced

48
Q

In Cartilage repair Cartilage is replaced with

A

dense connective tissue or bone

Histology Lecture Test 2 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions