Respiratory Part 1

Question 1

primary function of the respiratory system

Answer 1

• air conditon
• air filtration
• gas exchange

Question 2

secondary function of the respiratory system

Answer 2

• olfaction
• phonation

Question 3

mechanical respiration

Answer 3

-changing shape of the thorax

Question 4

cellular respiration

Answer 4

• O2 carried to tissue
  -oxidative metabolism

Question 5

what are the conducting portion?

Answer 5

-nasal cavity to the terminal bronchial
-tubes that transport

Question 6

Respiratory portion

Answer 6

-where gas exchange occurs
-respiratory bronchioles to alveoli

Question 7

What is the last part of the conducting portion?

Answer 7

terminal bronchial

Question 8

As you go from nasal cavity to alveoli the walls become __________

Answer 8

thinner

Question 9

Respiratory Epithelium

Answer 9

-ciliated pseudo stratified columnar
-with goblet cells
-5 cells types
-lines most tracts

Question 10

What are the 5 cell types in the Respiratory Epithelium?

Answer 10

1. ciliated columnar cells
2. goblet cells
3. brush cells
4. basal cells
5. small granule cells

Question 11

What is the most abundant cell type in the respiratory Epithelium?

Answer 11

ciliated columnar cells

Question 12

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

Answer 12

-causes infertility in men
-cilia and flagella are immobile

Question 13

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia in some cases is due to a deficiency in ______

Answer 13

Dynein

Question 14

ciliated columnar cells

Answer 14

-most abundent
-move mucus and matter

Question 15

goblet cells

Answer 15

-synthesize and secrete mucus
-second most abundent

Question 16

Brush cells

Answer 16

-short microvilli
-afferent nerve endings
-sensory receptor

Question 17

Basal Cell

Answer 17

-stem cell
-on basal lamina

Question 18

Basal cells of the respiratory epithelium give rise to

Answer 18

ciliated, goblet and brush cells

Question 19

Mucins

Answer 19

-hydrophilic glycoproteins in goblet cells
-become mucus

Question 20

Mucus

Answer 20

a viscous protective lubricating gel

Question 21

Goblet cell population _______ as you get closer to the terminal bronchioles

Answer 21

tapers (gets less)

Question 22

Metaplasia

Answer 22

change from one type of epithelial to another

Question 23

Smokers respiratory epithelium

Answer 23

-causes metaplasia
-changes to stratified squamous (meter protection)
-decrease in ciliated columnar
-increase in goblet

Question 24

smoker’s melanosis

Answer 24

-begin
-change in pigment color of the mucosa

Question 25

Kulchitsky Cell

Answer 25

-scattered throughout the respiratory track
-secrete various GI hormones
-may be paracrine

Question 26

Lamina Propria

Answer 26

-Loose connective tissue
-seromucous glands
-elastic fibers
-skeletal tissue
smooth muscle

Question 27

Seromucous glands

Answer 27

-secrete fluid
- nasal cavity to bronchial

Question 28

elastic fibers of the Lamina Propria _________ towards the alveoli

Answer 28

increase

Question 29

skeletal tissue of the Lamina Propria

Answer 29

-hold tubes open
-decrease as you go down

Question 30

smooth muscle Lamina Propria

Answer 30

-regulates diameter
-decreases as you go down

Question 31

Lamina Propria Skeletal Nasal Cavity

Answer 31

bone and cartilage

Question 32

Lamina Propria Skeletal Larynx/trachea

Answer 32

-hyaline cartilage only
-decreases as you go down

Question 33

Lamina Propria Skeletal Bronchioles

Answer 33

none

Question 34

Smooth muscle is absent in the Lamina Propria in the

Answer 34

Aveolar sac level

Question 35

Bronchiole smooth muscle contracts at the end of expiration

Answer 35

parasympathetic

Question 36

Adventitia

Answer 36

-provides structural support
-collagen and elastic fibers

Question 37

Nasal Cavity provides

Answer 37

-warming
-moistening
-filter

Question 38

Conchae of nasal cavity

Answer 38

-slow air down
-air filtration

Question 39

What are the 4 paranasal sinuses?

Answer 39

-frontal
-ethmoid
-sphenoid
-maxillary

Question 40

Function of paranasal sinuses

Answer 40

“we don’t know”

-air condition
-reduction of skull weight
-heat insulation
-vocal resonance