Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

J Derm > Skin infections and infestations > Flashcards

Skin infections and infestations Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

which bacteria causes toxic shock syndrome in women using tampons

A

staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how does a staph aureus skin infection present

A

rash
peeling skin
impetigo (blistering skin infection, yellow crusting)
staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)
vomiting
diarrhoea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how can staph aureus infect the skin

A

via hair follicles = folliculitis

entering broken skin in eczema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how does staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) occur

A

toxin produced by staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

where does staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) occur

A

face, axilla, groin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what investigations would you do if a skin infection is suspected (any skin infection)

A

blood cultures

swab lesion if broken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

which infecting organism (and condition) is associated with yellow/honey/gold crusting

A

staph aureus causing impetigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how is a staph aureus skin infection treated

A

flucloxacillin (topical or PO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a complication of a staph aureus skin infection

A

toxic shock syndrome (TSS think tampons!) - causes organ failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how does a strep pyogenes (group A strep) skin infection present

A

impetigo
cellulitis
necrotising fasciitis
red blistering skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how does necrotising fasciitis present

A

small rash but patient is in excruciating pain
crepitations on xray
feels like bubble wrap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how is a strep pyogenes (group A strep) skin infection treated

A

penicillin or flucloxacillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is a complication of a strep pyogenes (group A strep) infection

A

toxic shock LIKE syndrome (TSLS) - causes organ failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what type of infection is ringworm

A

fungal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is another name for ringworm

A

tinea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how is ringworm transmitted

A

usually human to human contact

enters ‘soggy’ skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

why is it called ‘ringworm’

A

lesion grows outwards = ring appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where is tinea capitis

A

scalp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where is tinea barbae

A

beard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

where is tinea corporis

A

body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

where is tinea munuum

A

hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

where is tinea unguium

A

nail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

where is tinea pedia

A

foot aka athletes foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

where is tinea cruris

A

groin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the treatment of all ringworm (tinea) infections

A

clotrimazole cream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

where does a candida skin infection present

A

in folds of skin eg under breast, groin, nappy area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

treatment of candida skin infection

A

clotrimazole cream, fluconazole PO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

which virus causes chicken pox

A

varicella zoster virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

which virus causes shingles

A

varicella zoster virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

which age group presents with chicken pox

A

children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

how does chicken pox present

A

generalised fever and rash
red macular spots
itchy

location - more dense on trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is ophthalmic zoster

A

chicken pox when the trigeminal nerve is affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what happens after a patient has experienced chicken pox after an exposure to varicella zoster virus

A

virus remains in nerve roots of spine as a latent virus (no symptoms as latent)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

what is the treatment for chicken pox

A

no treatment, just prevention with live attenuated vaccination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what is a rare complication of chicken pox

A

ramsay hunt syndrome (aka optic herpes zoster) when pain in auditory canal, deafness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

which age group does shingles present in

A

elderly (with childhood chicken pox)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

how does shingles occur

A

varicella zoster virus reactivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

how does shingles present (+location)

A

dermatomal location (as the virus is only in one nerve root)
neuropathic itch (damage to CNS)
sharp pain
rash - presents later than the pain/itch/tingling
facial involvement = ophthalmic zoster (naso ciliary branch oftrigeminal nerve affected)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

what is the treatment of shingles

A

acyclovir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

what is recurrent shingles a sign of

A

immunocompromised, check for HIV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

how can shingles be prevented

A

live attenuated vaccine for >70s that haven’t had shingles yet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what age group does herpes simplex virus (type 1) affect (primary infection)

A

pre school aged children

43
Q

how does herpes simplex virus (type 1) present

A

symptomless
mouth ulcers
erythema multiforme (target lesions)

44
Q

can herpes simplex virus spread

A

yes it can spread to other parts of body, healthcare professionals (eg dentists)

45
Q

how is herpes simplex virus (type 1) treated

A

acyclovir

46
Q

what age group does molluscum contagiosum affect

A

children and adults

47
Q

how is molluscum contagiosum transmitted

A

sexually

mother to child

48
Q

how does a molluscum contagiosum infection present (3)

A

fleshy firm umbilicated papules
look fluid filled but are solid
1-2mm (small)

49
Q

treatment of molluscum contagiosum

A

self limiting - takes <2 years

liquid nitrogen

50
Q

what virus causes warts

A

HPV (human papilloma virus)

51
Q

which age group are warts common in

A

children

52
Q

what are warts on the feet called (plantar warts)

A

verrucas

53
Q

treatment of warts/verrucas (2)

A

self limiting
FIRST LINE - topical salicylic acid OTC
SECOND LINE - liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy)

54
Q

what is the presentation of a human papilloma virus (HPV) infection

A

warts - including verrucas, genital warts
cervical cancer
head and neck cancer

55
Q

how can human papilloma virus infection be avoided

A

HPV vaccination in adolescence

56
Q

what age group does herpangina affect

A

preschool children

57
Q

what viruses cause herpangina

A

coxsackie virus

58
Q 
how does herpangina present (2)
associated symptoms (1)
A

back of mouth/soft palate = loss of appetite

blistering rash

59
Q

complicartions of herpangina

A

hand foot and mouth disease

60
Q

treatment of herpangina

A

self limiting

61
Q

what is another name for erythema infectiosum

A

slap cheek disease

62
Q

what is the cause of erythema infectiosum

A

parvovirus B19

63
Q

how does erythema infectiosum present (+location)

A

raised red rash

location - face an proximal limbs

64
Q

complications of erythema infectiosum (in adults) (2)

A

spontaneous abortion

chronic anaemia

65
Q

which group of patients does orf present in

A

farmers of sheep

66
Q

presentation of orf

A

fleshy nodule on hands

67
Q

treatment of orf

A

self limiting

68
Q

how is syphilis transmitted

A

sexually

69
Q

how does syphilis present

A

primary infection - painless ulcer at site of entrance (oral or genital)
OR
secondary infection all over body (hands and feet), ‘snail tract’ ulcers in mucous membrane

70
Q

diagnosis of syphilis

A

blood tests

71
Q

treatment of syphilis

A

IV penicillin

72
Q

which skin infection presents with a large asymmetrical lesions with demarcated edges and a light centre

A

tuberculoid leprosy

73
Q

what is another name for tuberculoid leprosy

A

hansens disease

74
Q

what causes tuberculoid leprosy

A

mycobacterium

75
Q

what is the cause of lyme disease

A

bacterial infection transmitted by ticks

76
Q

how does lyme disease present

A

‘target/bullsesye lesion’ at site of bite

aka ‘erythema migrans’

77
Q

complications of lyme disease

A

heart block

nerve palsy

78
Q

diagnosis of lyme disease

A

blood test for antibody

79
Q

treatment of lyme disease

A

doxycycline

amoxicillin 2nd line

80
Q

how is zika virus transmitted (2)

A

mosquito

sexually

81
Q

what is a complication of zika virus

A

guillain barre syndrome

82
Q

what is pediculus capitus

A

headlouse

83
Q

what is pediculus corporis

A

body louse

84
Q

what is phthirus pubis

A

pubic louse

85
Q

how are lice treated

A

malathion lotion

86
Q

how does lice present

A

intense itch

87
Q

how does scabies present (+location)

A

intense itch
rash in lines

location - gential, finger webs, back, wrist

88
Q

treatment of scabies

A

malathion lotion

benzyl benzoate

89
Q

what are Norwegian scabies

A

scabies with chronic crusting

90
Q

why might PPE be needed in treating scabies

A

if it is Norwegian scabies

91
Q

how does hand foot and mouth disease present

A

blistering in soles of feet, palms of hands and in the mouth

92
Q

how is erythema infectiosum (slap cheek disease) treated

A

self limiting

93
Q

what is the cause of scarlet fever

A

strep infection

94
Q

how does scarlet fever present (3)

A

red rash - on trunk, cheeks, limbs
white coating on tongue
‘strawberry’ tongue - red and swollen

95
Q

how is scarlet fever treated

A

penicillin

96
Q

what do plantar warts (verrucas) look like

A

squashed warts, like a cauliflower

97
Q

what happens when latent herpes simplex virus 1 reactivates

A

coldsores

98
Q

what can reactivate herpes simplex virus type 1 (2)

A

hormones - stress, menstruation

99
Q

what can happen in the brain in someone with latent herpes simplex virus type 1

A

temporal lobe necrosis (herpes simplex encephalitis)

100
Q

which bacteria can cause gas to form in the tissues it infects

what is this condition called

A

group A strep (strep pyogenes)

necrotising fasciitis

101
Q

treatment of necrotising fasciitis

A

surgical debridement

antibiotics - penicillin

102
Q

which branch of which division of which nerve is affected in shingles when there is facial involvement

A

nasociliary branch of ophthalmic division of facial nerve

103
Q

which cytotoxin does MRSA produce in necrotising fasciitis

A

panton valentine leucocidin (PVL)

J Derm (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions