ANATOMY - limb circulation Flashcards
when does the subclavian artery change into the axillary artery
lateral to the first rib
what branches off of the brachial artery
deep brachial artery
where does the brachial artery bifurcate
cubital fossa (anterior part to elbow)
what does the brachial artery bifurcate into
radial and ulnar arteries
what does the radial artery go into
where does this supply
deep palmar arch
dorsum of hand
what does the ulnar artery go into
where does this supply
superficial palmar arch
palm of hand
how many metacarpal and digital arteries are there in each hand
20 - 4 for each digit
where does the external iliac artery turn into the femoral artery
under inguinal ligament
where do the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries that supply the hip come from
deep femoral artery
what is the other blood supply to the hip (not the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries)
ligamentum teres
what do the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries give off
retinacular arteries
do the perforator arteries come off the deep femoral artery at the same place as the medial and lateral circumflex arteries
no
they come off lower down and supply the shaft of the femur
where does the femoral artery change to the popliteal artery
adductor hiatus
what does the popliteal artery bifurcate into
posterior and anterior tibial arteries
what does the posterior tibial artery bifurcate into
where
medial and lateral plantar arteries
between medial malleolus and Achilles tendon
what branches off the posterior tibial artery
fibular artery
what does the anterior tibial artery change into
dorsalis pedis artery
what does the dorsalis pedis artery change into
arcuate artery
what happens to the lateral and medial plantar arteries
anastomose (join together again) to form the deep plantar arch
what is between the deep plantar arch (from medial and lateral plantar arteries) and the arcuate artery (from dorsalis pedis)
metatarsal arteries
how many digital arteries are there in the foot
20 (4 for each digit)
what are the 4 pulse points in the lower limb
femoral
popliteal
posterior tibial
dorsalis pedis
what shouldnt you give near end arteries (digits)
adrenaline anaesthetics
what happens to superficial veins
they drain into deep veins
what is the branch of the ulnar artery called
posterior interosseous branch
what are the 3 pulse points in the upper limb
brachial
radial
ulnar
which set of veins is there variation in between people
superficial
which superficial upper arm vein do some people not have
median cubital vein
what do some people have instead of a basilic vein and a cephalic vein
where does it run
median vein
up the middle of the forearm
what are the 4 superficial veins of the upper arm
dorsal venous arch
cephalic vein
basilic vein
median cubital vein
where is the median cubital vein
cubital fossa
where does the basilic vein drain
brachial vein
where does the cephalic vein drain
axillary vein
where does the deep venous arch of the hand drain
radial vein
where does the superficial venous arch of the hand drain
ulnar vein
where does the dorsal venous arch drain blood from
dorsal surface of hand
what does the brachial vein drain into
axillary vein
what does the axillary vein drain into
subclavian vein
where does the medial dorsal venous arch of the foot drain into
great saphenous
what drains into the small saphenous
lateral dorsal venous arch of the foot
where does the great saphenous vein drain
femoral vein
where does the small saphenous vein drain
popliteal
think bc its the ‘small’ saphenous that its smaller that the great saphenous so drains earlier
what are the superficial veins of the lower limb (4)
great saphenous
small saphenous
medial dorsal venous arch of the foot
lateral dorsal venous arch of the foot
where does the plantar venous arch of the foot drain into
anterior and posterior tibial veins
what also drains into the posterior tibial vein
fibular vein
what do the anterior and posterior tibial veins drain into
popliteal vein
what does the popliteal vein drain into
femoral vein
what 3 things drain into the popliteal vein
anterior tibial vein
posterior tibial vein
small saphenous
apart from the popliteal vein, what else drains into the femoral vein (2)
deep femoral vein
great saphenous
where does the femoral vein drain into
external iliac vein
where does the external iliac vein drain into
common iliac vein
where does the common iliac vein drain into
inferior vena cava
where are perforating veins
between superficial and deep veins
what condition is the perforating veins associated with
varicose veins
where do all upper limb lymph end up
subclavicular lymph nodes
what do the lymphatics of the upper limb follow
veins
lymphatics that follow the cephalic vein end up…
apical axillary/pectoral lymph nodes (then subclavian)
lymphatics that follow the basilic vein end up…
cubital lymph nodes (then lateral axillary/pectoral then subclavian)
lymphatics that follow deep veins in the upper limb end up…
lateral axillary lymph nodes (then subclavian)
what do the lymphatics of the lower limb follow
veins
lymphatics that follow the great saphenous vein end up…
superficial inguinal lymph nodes (then deep inguinal then external iliac lymph nodes)
lymphatics that follow the small saphenous vein end up…
popliteal lymph nodes (then deep inguinal then external iliac lymph nodes)
lymphatics that follow deep veins in the lower limb end up…
popliteal lymph nodes (then deep iliac then external iliac lymph nodes)
what is ischaemia
aetiology
inadequate oxidation of tissue
lots of things
