Conditions summary Flashcards
comedones, erythema and scars on face, upper back and chest
teenage
acne
acne treatment (4 stages)
- lifestyle, oral contraceptive pill
- topical retinoid, benzoyl peroxide (if pustules), topical antibiotic
- PO antibiotics, topical retinoid
- PO retinoid (eg isotretinoin)
isotretinoin (acne treatment) side effects (4)
pregnancy contraindicated
suicidal thoughts
decreased vit A
dry skin (decreases sebaceous gland activity)
45 y/o female
erythema with nodules on face
no spots (comedones)
stressed
rosacea
rosacea treatment
- topical metronidazole
- PO antibiotic
- isotretinoin
- topical anti inflammatory
rash 7 days after new drug (eg penicillin)
type IV hypersensitivity cutaneous drug reaction
urticaria immediately after new drug (vancomycin)
type I hypersensitivity cutaneous drug reaction
rash under jewellery
contact irritant dermatitis
rash in response to chemical exposure
contact allergic dermatitis
6 y/o
asthma, rhinitis, food allergy
spongiosis and inflammatory infiltrate on histology
excoriations
chronic atopic eczema
chronic bc of excoriations
atopic eczema treatment
- emollients
2. topical steroids
red plaques in well defined discs
discoid eczema
monomorphic punched out lesions
herpes simplex virus infected dermatitis = eczema herpeticum
yellow crusting of dermatitis
staph aureus infection dermatitis
leg ulcer with dermatitis, hyperpigmentation and woody tethered skin
in gaiter area
venous leg ulcer
leg ulcer with ‘punched out’ lesions and absent pulses
arterial leg ulcer
treatment of leg ulcers
- compression stockings
2. topical steroid
elderly
small light brown patches on back of hand and face
actinic lentigines
normal (safe) small brown dots that arise <20 y/o
melanocytic naevi
white ring around mole/naevi
halo naevi
kid with red dot on face (looks like melanoma)
spitz naevi/benign juvenile melanoma
blisters
fragility
hyperpigmentation
hypertrichosis (abnormal hair growth all over body)
solar uticaria (induced by light)
morphoea (patches of hardened skin on face and hands)
porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) type 1
treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) type 1
relieve skin
fix underlying cause
blistering
skin fragility
acute phototoxicity (sensitivity to light)
general porphyria
child
easily sunburnt
itchy skin
phototoxicity
erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)
treatment of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)
avoid sunlight, wear dark colours, sunscreen etc Dundee creams (zinc oxide) antioxidants
genetic
poorly localised abdo pain
psychotic symptoms - anxiety, depression, hallucinations
seizures
urinary symptoms
not a derm condition lol
acute intermittent porphyria (AIP)
rheumatoid arthritis
thin scaly plaques on extensor surfaces
itchy
nail pitting, onycholysis, subungal keratosis
psoriasis
psoriasis treatment (4)
emollients
vit D analogues
coal tar
keratolytic
someone with v pale skin bc they dont have any melanin
albinism
young
not common
mole with; irregular border, 4 colours, diameter 8mm, asymmetrical
changed in last month
melanoma
treatment of melanoma
elliptical excision biopsy
+ chemo/radio/surgery
old person pearly nodule on neck appears over years (slow growing) common presentation 'picket fence' on histology
basal cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma treatment (2)
surgery (mohs)
vismodegib drug
what presents like eczema but doesnt go away with emollient cream
superficial basal cell carcinoma
appears over months (fast growing)
in area of damaged skin
previous actinic keratosis
squamous cell carcinoma
actinic keratosis or bowens disease (precancerous SSC lesions) treatment
cryotherapy
not surgery
thick/crusty/scaly skin on head/neck (precancerous SSC lesion)
actinic keratosis
female
red and scaly plaque on shin(precancerous SSC lesion)
bowens disease
‘horn’ on skin
squamous cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma treatment (2)
elliptical excision biopsy
5% imiquimod cream
elderly
new lesion; stuck on appearance warty surface well defined keratin pearls greasy appearance
‘horn cysts’ on histology
benign seborrheic wart (basal cell papilloma)
treatment of benign seborrheic wart
probs nothing, it is benign so will not spread
yellow crusting of skin
staph aureus infection
treatment of staph aureus infection
flucloxacillin
necrotising fasciitis (small rash, excruciating pain)
cellulitis
impetigo
red blistering skin
strep pyogenes infection
strep pyogenes infection treatment
penicillin or flucloxacillin
‘ring appearance’ around area of soggy skin (eg toes, groin, etc etc)
ringworm (tinea) infection
ringworm (tinea) infection treatment
clotrimazole cream
rash in skin folds (eg breast, groin, nappy area)
candida skin infection
candida skin infection treatment
clotrimazole cream
children
generalised rash (most dense on trunk)
fever
red macular spots, itchy
chicken pox (varicella zoster virus)
chicken pox (varicella zoster virus) treatment
nothing
elderly
dermatomal pain, rash and itch
childhood chicken pox
not vaccinated
shingles (reactivation of varicella zoster virus)
shingles treatment
acyclovir
pre school aged child
mouth ulcers
erythema multiforme (target lesions)
herpes simplex virus type 1 infection
herpes simplex virus type 1 infection treatment
acyclovir
small (1/2mm) fleshy, firm, umbilicated papules
look fluid filled but are solid
molluscum contagiosum
molluscum contagiosum treatment
nothing
liquid nitrogen
child
raised lesion on hand
not painful
wart (HPV)
treatment of warts (HPV) (2)
- topical salicylic acid
2. cryotherapy (liquid nitrogen)
preschool child
rash/blistering at back of mouth
loss of appetite
herpangina
treatment of herpangina
nothing
raised red rash on face and proximal limbs
looks like they’ve been slapped across the cheek
erythema infectiosum (slap cheek disease)
sheep farmer
fleshy nodule on hand
orf
orf treatment
nothing
painless ulcer (oral or genital) young adult
syphilis
syphilis treatment
IV penicillin
large symmetrical lesions
demarcated edges, light centre
tuberculoid leprosy
target/bullseye lesion
lyme disease
lyme disease treatment
doxycycline
care home
intense itch
rash in lines
location - finger webs, back
scabies
scabies treatment
mlation lotion
benzyl benzoate
blistering in soles of feet, palms of hands and mouth
child
hand foot and mouth disease
red rash on trunk, cheeks, limbs
white coating on tongue
‘strawberry’ tongue (red and swollen)
scarlet fever
scarlet fever treatment
penicillin
painful blisters
burst easily
leaves ulcerated lesions
location - mouth mucosa, scalp, axilla etc
positive nikolsky sign (top layer of skin pulls away when rubbed)
pemphigus vulgaris
elderly
itchy blisters that cant burst
negative nikolsky sign (top layer of skin doesnt pull away when rubbed)
bullous pemphigoid
pemphigus vulgaris treatment
steroids
topical emollients
topical steroids
bullous pemphigoid treatment
steroids
topical emollients
topical steroids
AND ANTIBIOTICS (tetracycline) - this is different from pemphigus
coeliac disease - fatigue, bloating, change in bowel habit
v itchy lesions
papillary dermal microabscesses on histology
dermatitis herpetiformis
skin blistering in response to minor injury
epidermolysis bullosa
itchy flat topped papules on skin
white lace pattern in oral mucosa
histology;
irregular saw-tooth acanthosis
hypergranulosis
lymphocytes
lichen planus
infantile seizures (in infants)
ash leaf macules shagreen patches fibromas pheochromocytoma (adrenal tumour) enamel pitting periungal fibroma longitudinal nail ridging
tuberose sclerosis
autosomal dominant neurofibromas axillary/inguinal freckling lisch nodules in eyes café au lait macules pheochormocytoma (adrenal tumour)
neurofibromatosis type 1
neurofibromatosis type 1 treatment
nothing
black person with white patches on skin
vitiligo
bleeding
purple rash on skin
strawberry naevi in children
small bluish lesion
angioma
angioma treatment
nothing
laser therapy if requested
recent chest infection with antibiotics fever generalised erythema with blistering painful mouth erosions malaise
toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
