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J Derm > Conditions summary > Flashcards

Conditions summary Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

comedones, erythema and scars on face, upper back and chest

teenage

A

acne

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2
Q

acne treatment (4 stages)

A
  1. lifestyle, oral contraceptive pill
  2. topical retinoid, benzoyl peroxide (if pustules), topical antibiotic
  3. PO antibiotics, topical retinoid
  4. PO retinoid (eg isotretinoin)
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3
Q

isotretinoin (acne treatment) side effects (4)

A

pregnancy contraindicated
suicidal thoughts
decreased vit A
dry skin (decreases sebaceous gland activity)

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4
Q

45 y/o female
erythema with nodules on face
no spots (comedones)
stressed

A

rosacea

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5
Q

rosacea treatment

A
  1. topical metronidazole
  2. PO antibiotic
  3. isotretinoin
  4. topical anti inflammatory
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6
Q

rash 7 days after new drug (eg penicillin)

A

type IV hypersensitivity cutaneous drug reaction

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7
Q

urticaria immediately after new drug (vancomycin)

A

type I hypersensitivity cutaneous drug reaction

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8
Q

rash under jewellery

A

contact irritant dermatitis

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9
Q

rash in response to chemical exposure

A

contact allergic dermatitis

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10
Q

6 y/o
asthma, rhinitis, food allergy
spongiosis and inflammatory infiltrate on histology
excoriations

A

chronic atopic eczema

chronic bc of excoriations

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11
Q

atopic eczema treatment

A
  1. emollients

2. topical steroids

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12
Q

red plaques in well defined discs

A

discoid eczema

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13
Q

monomorphic punched out lesions

A

herpes simplex virus infected dermatitis = eczema herpeticum

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14
Q

yellow crusting of dermatitis

A

staph aureus infection dermatitis

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15
Q

leg ulcer with dermatitis, hyperpigmentation and woody tethered skin

in gaiter area

A

venous leg ulcer

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16
Q

leg ulcer with ‘punched out’ lesions and absent pulses

A

arterial leg ulcer

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17
Q

treatment of leg ulcers

A
  1. compression stockings

2. topical steroid

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18
Q

elderly

small light brown patches on back of hand and face

A

actinic lentigines

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19
Q

normal (safe) small brown dots that arise <20 y/o

A

melanocytic naevi

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20
Q

white ring around mole/naevi

A

halo naevi

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21
Q

kid with red dot on face (looks like melanoma)

A

spitz naevi/benign juvenile melanoma

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22
Q

blisters
fragility
hyperpigmentation
hypertrichosis (abnormal hair growth all over body)
solar uticaria (induced by light)
morphoea (patches of hardened skin on face and hands)

A

porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) type 1

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23
Q

treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) type 1

A

relieve skin

fix underlying cause

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24
Q

blistering
skin fragility
acute phototoxicity (sensitivity to light)

A

general porphyria

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25
Q

child
easily sunburnt
itchy skin
phototoxicity

A

erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)

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26
Q

treatment of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP)

A 
avoid sunlight, wear dark colours, sunscreen etc 
Dundee creams (zinc oxide) 
antioxidants
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27
Q

genetic

poorly localised abdo pain
psychotic symptoms - anxiety, depression, hallucinations
seizures
urinary symptoms

not a derm condition lol

A

acute intermittent porphyria (AIP)

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28
Q

rheumatoid arthritis
thin scaly plaques on extensor surfaces
itchy
nail pitting, onycholysis, subungal keratosis

A

psoriasis

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29
Q

psoriasis treatment (4)

A

emollients
vit D analogues
coal tar
keratolytic

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30
Q

someone with v pale skin bc they dont have any melanin

A

albinism

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31
Q

young
not common
mole with; irregular border, 4 colours, diameter 8mm, asymmetrical
changed in last month

A

melanoma

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32
Q

treatment of melanoma

A

elliptical excision biopsy

+ chemo/radio/surgery

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33
Q 
old person 
pearly nodule on neck
appears over years  (slow growing) 
common presentation 
'picket fence' on histology
A

basal cell carcinoma

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34
Q

basal cell carcinoma treatment (2)

A

surgery (mohs)

vismodegib drug

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35
Q

what presents like eczema but doesnt go away with emollient cream

A

superficial basal cell carcinoma

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36
Q

appears over months (fast growing)
in area of damaged skin
previous actinic keratosis

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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37
Q

actinic keratosis or bowens disease (precancerous SSC lesions) treatment

A

cryotherapy

not surgery

38
Q

thick/crusty/scaly skin on head/neck (precancerous SSC lesion)

A

actinic keratosis

39
Q

female

red and scaly plaque on shin(precancerous SSC lesion)

A

bowens disease

40
Q

‘horn’ on skin

A

squamous cell carcinoma

41
Q

squamous cell carcinoma treatment (2)

A

elliptical excision biopsy

5% imiquimod cream

42
Q

elderly

new lesion;
stuck on appearance 
warty surface 
well defined 
keratin pearls 
greasy appearance

‘horn cysts’ on histology

A

benign seborrheic wart (basal cell papilloma)

43
Q

treatment of benign seborrheic wart

A

probs nothing, it is benign so will not spread

44
Q

yellow crusting of skin

A

staph aureus infection

45
Q

treatment of staph aureus infection

A

flucloxacillin

46
Q

necrotising fasciitis (small rash, excruciating pain)
cellulitis
impetigo
red blistering skin

A

strep pyogenes infection

47
Q

strep pyogenes infection treatment

A

penicillin or flucloxacillin

48
Q

‘ring appearance’ around area of soggy skin (eg toes, groin, etc etc)

A

ringworm (tinea) infection

49
Q

ringworm (tinea) infection treatment

A

clotrimazole cream

50
Q

rash in skin folds (eg breast, groin, nappy area)

A

candida skin infection

51
Q

candida skin infection treatment

A

clotrimazole cream

52
Q

children
generalised rash (most dense on trunk)
fever
red macular spots, itchy

A

chicken pox (varicella zoster virus)

53
Q

chicken pox (varicella zoster virus) treatment

A

nothing

54
Q

elderly
dermatomal pain, rash and itch
childhood chicken pox
not vaccinated

A

shingles (reactivation of varicella zoster virus)

55
Q

shingles treatment

A

acyclovir

56
Q

pre school aged child
mouth ulcers
erythema multiforme (target lesions)

A

herpes simplex virus type 1 infection

57
Q

herpes simplex virus type 1 infection treatment

A

acyclovir

58
Q

small (1/2mm) fleshy, firm, umbilicated papules

look fluid filled but are solid

A

molluscum contagiosum

59
Q

molluscum contagiosum treatment

A

nothing

liquid nitrogen

60
Q

child
raised lesion on hand
not painful

A

wart (HPV)

61
Q

treatment of warts (HPV) (2)

A
  1. topical salicylic acid

2. cryotherapy (liquid nitrogen)

62
Q

preschool child
rash/blistering at back of mouth
loss of appetite

A

herpangina

63
Q

treatment of herpangina

A

nothing

64
Q

raised red rash on face and proximal limbs

looks like they’ve been slapped across the cheek

A

erythema infectiosum (slap cheek disease)

65
Q

sheep farmer

fleshy nodule on hand

A

orf

66
Q

orf treatment

A

nothing

67
Q 
painless ulcer (oral or genital) 
young adult
A

syphilis

68
Q

syphilis treatment

A

IV penicillin

69
Q

large symmetrical lesions

demarcated edges, light centre

A

tuberculoid leprosy

70
Q

target/bullseye lesion

A

lyme disease

71
Q

lyme disease treatment

A

doxycycline

72
Q

care home
intense itch
rash in lines
location - finger webs, back

A

scabies

73
Q

scabies treatment

A

mlation lotion

benzyl benzoate

74
Q

blistering in soles of feet, palms of hands and mouth

child

A

hand foot and mouth disease

75
Q

red rash on trunk, cheeks, limbs
white coating on tongue
‘strawberry’ tongue (red and swollen)

A

scarlet fever

76
Q

scarlet fever treatment

A

penicillin

77
Q

painful blisters
burst easily
leaves ulcerated lesions

location - mouth mucosa, scalp, axilla etc

positive nikolsky sign (top layer of skin pulls away when rubbed)

A

pemphigus vulgaris

78
Q

elderly
itchy blisters that cant burst

negative nikolsky sign (top layer of skin doesnt pull away when rubbed)

A

bullous pemphigoid

79
Q

pemphigus vulgaris treatment

A

steroids
topical emollients
topical steroids

80
Q

bullous pemphigoid treatment

A

steroids
topical emollients
topical steroids
AND ANTIBIOTICS (tetracycline) - this is different from pemphigus

81
Q

coeliac disease - fatigue, bloating, change in bowel habit
v itchy lesions

papillary dermal microabscesses on histology

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

82
Q

skin blistering in response to minor injury

A

epidermolysis bullosa

83
Q

itchy flat topped papules on skin
white lace pattern in oral mucosa

histology;
irregular saw-tooth acanthosis
hypergranulosis
lymphocytes

A

lichen planus

84
Q

infantile seizures (in infants)

ash leaf macules 
shagreen patches
fibromas 
pheochromocytoma (adrenal tumour) 
enamel pitting 
periungal fibroma 
longitudinal nail ridging
A

tuberose sclerosis

85
Q 
autosomal dominant 
neurofibromas 
axillary/inguinal freckling
lisch nodules in eyes
café au lait macules 
pheochormocytoma (adrenal tumour)
A

neurofibromatosis type 1

86
Q

neurofibromatosis type 1 treatment

A

nothing

87
Q

black person with white patches on skin

A

vitiligo

88
Q

bleeding
purple rash on skin
strawberry naevi in children
small bluish lesion

A

angioma

89
Q

angioma treatment

A

nothing

laser therapy if requested

90
Q 
recent chest infection with antibiotics 
fever 
generalised erythema with blistering 
painful mouth erosions 
malaise
A

toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)

J Derm (23 decks)

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