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MD 3 - Paeds > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

prodrome of varicella

A

fever, malaise, anorexia

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2
Q

describe the rash of roseola

A

blanching macular or maculopapular rash

- non-pruritic

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3
Q

describe rash of varicella

A

macules –> papules –> vesicles –> pustules –> crustules

  • tends to be more central than peripheral
  • occurs in crops
  • significant pruritis
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4
Q

potential complication of Kawasaki disease

A

coronary aneurysm in 20-25% of untreated patients

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5
Q

describe the rash of parvovirus

A

diffuse macular erythematous rash with central clearing - lack reticulated

  • starts on the cheek and moves downwards
  • spares palms and soles
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6
Q

timecourse of a haemangioma

A

not present at birth
grow for several months
fully resolve over several years

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7
Q

What is mastocytosis

A

rare disease causing reddish-brown plaques/macules - caused by excessive infiltration of the skin by mast cells

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8
Q

transmission of CMV

A

direct contact

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9
Q

complications of parvovirus

A

hydrops foetalis
aplastic crisis
arthritis
myocarditis

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10
Q

peak incidence of HSP

A

2-8 years

2x more in males

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11
Q

common associated symptom of rubella

A

lymphadenoapthy - particularly sub-occipital, post auricular and cervical

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12
Q

what is henoch schonlein purpura

A

childhood small vessel vasculitis

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13
Q

transmission of varicella

A

airborne

direct contact with vesicle fluid

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14
Q

treatment of Kawasaki disease

A

admission
ECHO
IVIg
aspirin once a day for at least 6-8 weeks

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15
Q

describe the rash of molluscum

A

umbilicated, pearl-like smooth papules on eyelids, beard, neck, axilla, trunk, perineum, buttocks

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16
Q

describe the timecourse of the fever and rash in parvovirus

A

URTI Sx –> high fever –> rash and disappearance of the rash

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17
Q

what is the most common tumour in babies

A

haemagioma

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18
Q

diagnostic criteria for Kawasaki

A

Fever of more then 38.5 for 5 days or more PLUS 4 out of 5 of the following:

  • polymorphous rash
  • bilateral conjunctival injection
  • mucous membrane changes - lips, strawberry tongue, erythema of oral/pharyngeal mucosa
  • peripheral changes
  • unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy
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19
Q

Describe the rash of rubella

A

maculopapular rash erupting on the face spreading down to neck/trunk –> extremities

20
Q

diagnosis of EBV

A

monospot

blood film may show atypical mononuclear cells

21
Q

risks of varicella during pregnancy

A
  • early pregnancy - limb hypoplasia, microcephaly, mental retardation
  • late pregnancy - risk of spontaneous abortion
22
Q

common results on blood tests when patient has Kawasaki

A
  • thrombocytosis
  • neutrophila
  • raised ESR and CRP
  • normochromic, normocytic anaemia
  • hypoalbuminaemia
  • elevated LFT
23
Q

prodrome of parvovirus

A

high grade fever
headache
coryza
nausea and diarrhoea

24
Q

which mutation is associated with eczema

A

fillagrin

25
Q

what are the Sx of congenital rubella syndrome

A 
growth retardation
intellectual disability
blindeness
deafness
congenital heart defects
cataracts
26
Q

treatment of HSP

A

supportive

- check for renal complications

27
Q

Sx of coxsackie

A
  • low grade fever
  • maculopapular/vesicular lesions on hands, feet and buttocks
  • vesicles/ulcers in/around mouth
28
Q

prodrome of rubella

A

fever, headache, URTI Sx

29
Q

transmission of molluscum

A

direct/fomite contact in children

sexual contact in adults

30
Q

what is the main complication of CMV in pregnancy

A

sensorineural hearing loss in baby

31
Q

describe the rash in HSP

A

palpable purpura on lower extremities and buttocks in a symmetrical distribution

32
Q

definition of Kawasaki disease

A

systemic vasculitis of the medium arteries in children

33
Q

complications of roseola

A

seizures
aseptic meningitis
encephalitis - rare
thrombocytopaenic purpura

34
Q

what are the congenital TORCH organisms

A
  • toxoplasmosis
  • other - syphillus, HIV, varicella, Zika
  • Rubella
  • Cytomegalovirus
  • HSV
35
Q

treatment for a port wine stain

A

laser therapy

36
Q

clinical triad of HSP

A

palpable purpura
abdominal pain
arthritis/arthralgia

37
Q

long term complication of HSP

A

nephritis

38
Q

clinical features of roseola

A

high fever for 3-5 days in an otherwise well child and then the rash appears after the fever resolves

39
Q

what aspects of a haemangioma would make it likely to get surgical treatment

A
  • ulcerating
  • on the eyelid or adjacent to the globe
  • deforms structures
  • grows thicker
  • associated with stridor, thrombocytopania
  • multiple lesions
40
Q

most common age group to be affected by Kawasaki disease

A

90% occur in those less than 5 years

41
Q

transmission fo rubella

A

direct contacts

droplets

42
Q

infectious period of varicella

A

1-2 days pre eruption –> 5 days post eruption

43
Q

transmission of parvovirus

A

respiratory droplets

44
Q

transmission of coxsackie

A

direct contact with fluid

45
Q

who can you give Zoster Ig to for prophylaxis

A
  • non immune pregnant women
  • neonates whose mothers develop varicella from 7 days before to 2 days after delivery
  • immune deficient

MD 3 - Paeds (18 decks)

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