Skin Flashcards
prodrome of varicella
fever, malaise, anorexia
describe the rash of roseola
blanching macular or maculopapular rash
- non-pruritic
describe rash of varicella
macules –> papules –> vesicles –> pustules –> crustules
- tends to be more central than peripheral
- occurs in crops
- significant pruritis
potential complication of Kawasaki disease
coronary aneurysm in 20-25% of untreated patients
describe the rash of parvovirus
diffuse macular erythematous rash with central clearing - lack reticulated
- starts on the cheek and moves downwards
- spares palms and soles
timecourse of a haemangioma
not present at birth
grow for several months
fully resolve over several years
What is mastocytosis
rare disease causing reddish-brown plaques/macules - caused by excessive infiltration of the skin by mast cells
transmission of CMV
direct contact
complications of parvovirus
hydrops foetalis
aplastic crisis
arthritis
myocarditis
peak incidence of HSP
2-8 years
2x more in males
common associated symptom of rubella
lymphadenoapthy - particularly sub-occipital, post auricular and cervical
what is henoch schonlein purpura
childhood small vessel vasculitis
transmission of varicella
airborne
direct contact with vesicle fluid
treatment of Kawasaki disease
admission
ECHO
IVIg
aspirin once a day for at least 6-8 weeks
describe the rash of molluscum
umbilicated, pearl-like smooth papules on eyelids, beard, neck, axilla, trunk, perineum, buttocks
describe the timecourse of the fever and rash in parvovirus
URTI Sx –> high fever –> rash and disappearance of the rash
what is the most common tumour in babies
haemagioma
diagnostic criteria for Kawasaki
Fever of more then 38.5 for 5 days or more PLUS 4 out of 5 of the following:
- polymorphous rash
- bilateral conjunctival injection
- mucous membrane changes - lips, strawberry tongue, erythema of oral/pharyngeal mucosa
- peripheral changes
- unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy
Describe the rash of rubella
maculopapular rash erupting on the face spreading down to neck/trunk –> extremities
diagnosis of EBV
monospot
blood film may show atypical mononuclear cells
risks of varicella during pregnancy
- early pregnancy - limb hypoplasia, microcephaly, mental retardation
- late pregnancy - risk of spontaneous abortion
common results on blood tests when patient has Kawasaki
- thrombocytosis
- neutrophila
- raised ESR and CRP
- normochromic, normocytic anaemia
- hypoalbuminaemia
- elevated LFT
prodrome of parvovirus
high grade fever
headache
coryza
nausea and diarrhoea
which mutation is associated with eczema
fillagrin
what are the Sx of congenital rubella syndrome
growth retardation intellectual disability blindeness deafness congenital heart defects cataracts
treatment of HSP
supportive
- check for renal complications
Sx of coxsackie
- low grade fever
- maculopapular/vesicular lesions on hands, feet and buttocks
- vesicles/ulcers in/around mouth
prodrome of rubella
fever, headache, URTI Sx
transmission of molluscum
direct/fomite contact in children
sexual contact in adults
what is the main complication of CMV in pregnancy
sensorineural hearing loss in baby
describe the rash in HSP
palpable purpura on lower extremities and buttocks in a symmetrical distribution
definition of Kawasaki disease
systemic vasculitis of the medium arteries in children
complications of roseola
seizures
aseptic meningitis
encephalitis - rare
thrombocytopaenic purpura
what are the congenital TORCH organisms
- toxoplasmosis
- other - syphillus, HIV, varicella, Zika
- Rubella
- Cytomegalovirus
- HSV
treatment for a port wine stain
laser therapy
clinical triad of HSP
palpable purpura
abdominal pain
arthritis/arthralgia
long term complication of HSP
nephritis
clinical features of roseola
high fever for 3-5 days in an otherwise well child and then the rash appears after the fever resolves
what aspects of a haemangioma would make it likely to get surgical treatment
- ulcerating
- on the eyelid or adjacent to the globe
- deforms structures
- grows thicker
- associated with stridor, thrombocytopania
- multiple lesions
most common age group to be affected by Kawasaki disease
90% occur in those less than 5 years
transmission fo rubella
direct contacts
droplets
infectious period of varicella
1-2 days pre eruption –> 5 days post eruption
transmission of parvovirus
respiratory droplets
transmission of coxsackie
direct contact with fluid
who can you give Zoster Ig to for prophylaxis
- non immune pregnant women
- neonates whose mothers develop varicella from 7 days before to 2 days after delivery
- immune deficient
