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MD 3 - Paeds > Growth and Development > Flashcards

Growth and Development Flashcards

1
Q

gross motor: what should i be able to do by 18 months

A

run and jump

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2
Q

At what age should it warrant referral for failure to walk unaided

A

18 months

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3
Q

at what age do you pass things through the midline

A

~6 months

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4
Q

when do children begin to have imaginative play

A

4.5-5

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5
Q

when should children be able to feed themselves with a spoon, and a fork

A

spoon - 2.5 years

fork - 3 years

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6
Q

fine motor/vision: what should I be able to do by 18 months

A

build tower of 4 bricks

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7
Q

when should children understand prepositions

A

2.5 years

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8
Q

what causes the majority of intellectual disability

A

prenatal conditions - such as TORCH infections or foetal alcohol syndrome

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9
Q

order of drawing on a page as a child

A

scribbles –> vertical line –> horizontal line –> circle –> cross –> square –> triangle/person

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10
Q

at what age do you start to get a pincer grip

A

~9 months –> properly by 10m

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11
Q

at what age should you start to roll over

A

6 months

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12
Q

when should children be able to understand complex instructions

A

4.5 years

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13
Q

when should children be able to point to body parts

A

15 months

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14
Q

average weight gain per week in a 3-6 month old child

A

100-150g/week

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15
Q

gross motor: what should i be able to do by 9 months

A

stands holding on

straight back sitting

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16
Q

fine motor/vision: what should I be able to do by 3 years

A

draw a circle
build a bridge with bricks
single cuts with scissors
turns one page of book at a time

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17
Q

At what age should it warrant referral for failure to put two words together

A

24 months

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18
Q

fine motor/vision: what should I be able to do by 4 years

A

draw a cross
build tower with 12 blocks
cuts paper in half

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19
Q

what IQ is historically classified as intellectual disability

A

Less than 70

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20
Q

average weight gain per week in a 6-12 month old child

A

70-90g/week

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21
Q

fine motor/vision: what should I be able to do by 6 months

A

palmar grasp

transfer hand to hand

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22
Q

gross motor: what should i be able to do by 6 months

A

sit without support

rolls prone to supine

23
Q

gross motor: what should i be able to do by 4 years

A

walks upstairs/downstairs in an adult manner

24
Q

DDx for language developmental delay

A 
Hearing loss
Autism
global developmental delay 
neglect
learning disability
cleft lip
CP - incoordination
25
Q

what comes first? rolling prone to supine or supine to prone

A

prone to supine

26
Q

what is the technical definition of FTT

A

Weight less than 3rd percentile

Weight drop of 2 or more percentile tracks

27
Q

average weight gain per week in a 0-3 month old child

A

150-200g/week

28
Q

at what age do babies show object permanence

A

9 months

29
Q

fine motor/vision: what should I be able to do by 6 weeks

A

tracks object/faces

30
Q

when should i be able to draw a square and triangle

A

square - 4.5 years

triangle - 5 years

31
Q

order of gross motor skills

A

head control –> sit –> stand –> walk –> run and jump –> throws ball –> kicks ball –> hops –> walks upstairs properly

32
Q

fine motor/vision: what should I be able to do by 12 months

A

neat pincer grip

build tower of 2 bricks

33
Q

gross motor: what should i be able to do by 6 weeks

A

raises head when prone

stabilises when when raised to sitting position

34
Q

what is cerebral palsy

A

a group of disorders that are all have a NON-PROGRESSIVE central MOTOR impairment that occurred in the developing or infant brain

35
Q

fine motor/vision: what should I be able to do by 2.5 years

A

draw a horizontal line

36
Q

when do children begin to share toys with friends

A

3 years

37
Q

gross motor: what should i be able to do by 2.5 years

A

run tiptoe
walks upstairs (both feet on one step)
throws ball

38
Q

when should children understand negatives

A

3 years

39
Q

when should children understand comparitives

A

3.5 years

40
Q

3 key questions to ask the parents to understand the social development of a child

A

eating
toileting
playing

41
Q

definition of precocious puberty in males and females

A

females - breast development or pubic hair growth before 7

males - sexual development before 9

42
Q

gross motor: what should i be able to do by 3 years

A

hops on one foot for 3 steps
walks upstairs one foot per step
downstairs two feet per step

43
Q

fine motor/vision: what should I be able to do by 2 years

A

draw a vertical line
build tower of 8 bricks
puzzles
turns several pages of book at a time

44
Q

order of speech development in a child

A

Babbling → point to mummy → body parts → name and age and colours → preposition (on/under) → understand negatives → comparatives (bigger or smaller) → complex instructions

45
Q

which signs on examination point towards CP in childhood

A

early hand dominance

weakness

46
Q

at what age should you start to show hand dominance

A

AFTER 12 months

47
Q

definition of overweight and obesity in children

A 
overweight = BMI between 85-95th percentile
obese = BMI >95th percentile
48
Q

gross motor: what should i be able to do by 12 months

A

walk alone

49
Q

fine motor/vision: what should I be able to do by 9 months

A

inferior pincer grip

object permanence

50
Q

when is premature thelarche normal

A

age less than 2 - expected to regress spontaneously

51
Q

fine motor/vision: what should I be able to do by 3.5 years

A

cuts pieces with scissors

52
Q

which signs on examination point towards CP in an infant

A 
stiff/floppy baby
weak suck
persistence and exacerbation of moro reflex
absent Landau reflex
assymetric parachute reflex
53
Q

at what age should you be able to sit with and without support

A

with - 3 months

without - 6 months

MD 3 - Paeds (18 decks)

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