Skeletal System and Bones Flashcards
What’s the name of the study of bones?
Osteology
How many bones are in the body?
206
What are Joints?
A connection between two or more bones
What are the two types of Joints?
Moveable (elbows, knees, and hips) and immoveable (pelvis and skull)
How many Moveable and Semi moveable joints do we have?
230
What is Cartilage?
A tough, elastic substance similar to bone that cushions bones at the joints
What are Ligaments?
Connects bone to bone
What are Tendons?
Connects muscle to muscle or muscle to bone
What are the five functions of the Skeletal System?
Gives shape and support to the body, protects vigorous internal structures and organs, serves as attachments for muscles and provides body movement, helps produce both red and white blood cells, stores most of the body’s calcium, sodium, phosphorus and magnesium
How many bones of the skull are there?
22 bones, 8 cranial and 14 facial bones
What is the Cranium?
Oval, bony case protecting the brain, formed by 8 bones
What bones make up the Cranium?
Parietal (2), Occipital (1), Frontal (1), Sphenoid (1), Ethmoid (1), and Temporal (2)
What is the Parietal bone?
2 bones forming the sides and top of the cranium
What is the Occipital bone?
1 bone forming the back of the skull above the nape of the neck
What is the Frontal bone?
1 bone that forms the forehead
What is the Sphenoid bone?
1 bone that forms the sides of the eye socket, butterfly shaped bone
What is the Ethmoid bone?
1 light spongy bone between the eye sockets that forms part of the nasal cavities
What is the Temporal bone?
2 bones forming the sides of the head in ear region
How many bones of the face are there?
14 including the maxilla (upper jaw) and mandible (lower jaw)
What bones make up the face?
Frontal (1), Lacrimal (2), Nasal (2), Sphenoid (1), Zygomatic (2), Ethmoid (1), Vomer (1), Maxillary (2), and Mandible (1)
What are the Nasal bones?
2 bones forming the bridge of the nose
What are the Lacrimal bones?
2 bones at the front inside part of the eye socket
What are the Zygomatic bones?
AKA malaria bones/cheek bones. 2 bones forming the prominence of cheeks
What are the Maxillae bones?
2 bones forming the upper jaw
What is the Mandible bone?
1 bone forming the lower jaw, largest and strongest bone of the faceW
What are the bones of the Neck?
Cervical vertebrae and Hyoid
What is the Cervical Vertebrae?
7 bones forming the upper neck
What is the Hyoid bone?
U shaped bone at base of the tongue
What are the bones of the Chest?
Scapula (2), Sternum (1), Thorax (1), Clavicle (2) and Ribs (12)
What is the Thorax bone?
The chest consisting of the sternum, ribs, and thoracic vertebrae. Elastic bony cage protecting the heart, lungs and other internal organs
What are the Ribs?
12 pairs of bones forming the wall of the Thorax
What is the Scapula?
2 large triangular bones of the shoulder
What is the Sternum?
AKA breastbone. Flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs
What is the Clavicle?
AKA collarbone. Bone that joins the sternum and scapula
What are the bones of the Arms and Hands?
Humerus, radius, ulna, carpus, metacarpus and phalanges
What is the Humerus bone?
Largest bone of the arm, extending from the elbow to the shoulder
What is the Ulna bone?
Larger bone of the forearm, attached to the wrist same side as the pinky
What is the Radius bone?
The smaller bone in the forearm, same side as the thumb
What is the Carpus bone?
AKA wrist bone. Flexible joint composed of 8 small, irregular bones (carpals) held by ligaments
What is the Metacarpus bone?
AKA palm. Consists of 5 long, slender bones called metacarpal bones
What is the Phalanges?
Bones in fingers. 3 in each finger and 2 in each thumb totaling 14 bones
