Muscular System Flashcards
What is the Muscular System?
Covers, shapes, and supports the skeletal tissue
How many muscles does the body have?
630 muscles and it’s 40% of your body’s weight
How many muscles are of the face?
30 facial muscles
What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
Skeletal/voluntary (contract under conscious thought), Smooth/involuntary (not under conscious control), Cardiac/heart (not under conscious control)
What are the 3 parts of a Skeletal/voluntary muscle?
Origin, belly, insertion
What does the Origin part of a voluntary muscle do?
Flexes but remains stationary (doesn’t move). Is the more fixed part of muscle closest to skeleton
What is the Belly part of a voluntary muscle?
Middle part of the muscle
What is the Insertion part of the muscle?
Part of muscle that is the moveable attachment and furthest from skeleton
What esthetic treatments can positively influence muscle tissue?
Massage, electrical therapy current, light rays, dry heat, moist heat
What are the Scalp Muscles?
Frontalis, occipitalis and 2 temporalis on the sides
What is the Frontalis muscle?
Scalp muscle that raises the eyebrows, draws the scalp forward and causes wrinkles
What is the Epicranus muscle?
Scalp muscle AKA occipitofrontalis which covers the top of the skull and has two parts (frontalis and occipitalis)
What is the Occipitalis muscle?
Scalp muscle on back of the epicranius, is the muscle that draws the scalp backward
What are the muscles of the Eyebrow?
Corrugator, orbicularis oculi, and the levator palpebrae superioris muscle
What is the Corrugator muscle?
Eyebrow muscle located beneath frontalis and orbicularis oculi. Draws eyebrow down and wrinkles the forehead vertically
What is the Orbicularis Oculi muscle?
Ring muscle of the eye socket, closes the eyes
What is the Levator Palpebrae Superioris muscle?
Controls the eyelid and can be easily damaged during makeup application
What are the muscles of the Nose?
The Procerus and nasalis
What is the Procures muscle?
Nose muscle which lowers the eyebrows and causes wrinkles across bridge of the nose
What is the Nasalis muscle?
2 part muscle which covers the nose and includes the transverse part and the alar part which flair the nostrils
What are the Mouth muscles?
The Buccinator, triangularis (depressor anguli oris), mentalis, orbicularis oris, levator anguli oris, risorius, levator labii superioris (quadratus labii superioris) and zygomaticus
What is the Buccinator muscle?
Thin flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips (blowing a whistle)
What is the Triangularis muscle?
AKA depressor anguli oris. Is the muscle extending alongside the chin that pulls down the corners of the mouth
What is the Mentalis muscle?
Muscle which elevates the lower lip and raises and wrinkles the skin of chin
What is the Oribicularis Oris muscle?
Flat band around the upper and lower lips that compresses, contracts, puckers and wrinkles the lips
What is the Levator Anguli Oris muscle?
Muscles associated with smiling
What is the Risorius muscle?
Muscle which draws the corners of the mouth out and back when grinning
What is the Levator Labii Superioris muscle?
AKA quadratus labii superioris. Muscle associated with lifting the wings of the nose and upper lip
What is the Zygomaticus muscle?
Major and minor are muscles extending from the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth that elevates the lip, as in laughing
What are the Mastication muscles?
Masseter and temporalis (chewing muscles)
What is the 3 muscles of the Ear?
Auricularis muscles. Auricularis superior (upward), anterior auricularis (forward), and Auricularis posterior (backward)
What are the Neck muscles?
Platysma and sternocleidomastoid
What is the Platysma muscle?
Neck muscle extending from the chest and shoulder muscles to the side of the chin. Responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip
What is the Sternocleidomastoid muscle?
(SCM) is the muscle extending alongside of the neck from the ear to the collarbone. Acts to rotate the head from side-side and up-down
What are the muscles that attach the arms to the body?
Latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major/minor
What is the Latissimus Doris muscle?
Muscle that is large, flat, triangular which covers the lower back
What is the Pectoralis Major/minor muscle?
Muscles of the chest that assist swinging movements of the arm
What are the Arm and Shoulder muscles?
Trapezius, biceps, deltoid and triceps
What is the Trapezius muscle?
Muscle that covers the back of neck, shoulders, and upper and middle region of back; shrugs shoulders and stabilizes scapula
What is the Bicep muscle?
Produces the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm; lifts forearm, flex elbow, and turn palm inwards
What is the Deltoid muscle?
Large triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to extend outward and to side of body
What is the Tricep muscle?
Large muscle that covers the entire back of the upper arm and extends the forearm
What is Abduction?
Process of separating/spreading fingers apart
What is Adduction?
Process of all fingers together as a whole
What is Flexion?
When muscles move to pull the body part toward the core of the body
What is Extension?
When muscles straighten/extend
What is Pronate?
When muscles turn inward (palm faces downward)
What is Supinate?
When muscles rotate (palm upward)
