Skeletal System

Question 1

Describe movement of synarthrosis joints

Answer 1

Little or no movement

Question 2

Describe movement of diarthroses joints

Answer 2

Freely moveable

Question 3

Describe movement of ampiarthrosis joints

Answer 3

Slightly moveable

Question 4

What do osteoblasts do?

Answer 4

Create new bone by secreting osteoid

Question 5

What do osteocytes do?

Answer 5

Bone cells trapped in lacunae that maintain the matrix

Question 6

What do osteoclasts do?

Answer 6

Bone remodelling, remove mineral from the matrix

Question 7

What does organic matrix component consist of?

Answer 7

Collagen and proteins

Question 8

WHat does inorganic matrix component consist of?

Answer 8

Mineral salts, calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate

Question 9

What is the role of red bone marrow?

Answer 9

Blood cell formation

Question 10

What is yellow bone marrow made of?

Answer 10

Fatty tissue

Question 11

Example of short bones

Answer 11

Carpals, tarsals

Question 12

Example of long bones?

Answer 12

Femur, phalanges

Question 13

Example of flat bones?

Answer 13

Sternum, scapula,

Question 14

Example of irregular bones?

Answer 14

Vertebrae

Question 15

Function of flat bone?

Answer 15

Protect organs and serve for muscle attachment

Question 16

Function of long bone?

Answer 16

Longer that wide - act as levers

Question 17

Function of short bones?

Answer 17

Equal in length & width, glide across each other

Question 18

Function of irregular bones

Answer 18

Muscle attachment

Question 19

Another term for an open fracture?

Answer 19

Compound

Question 20

Another term for a closed fracture?

Answer 20

Simple

Question 21

4 stages of bone healing?

Answer 21

1. Haematoma formation
2. Capillaries, macrophages, osteoclasts invade
3. Soft callus hardened by minerals
4. Remodelling by osteoclasts

Question 22

What factors may affect bone healing?

Answer 22

Deficient blood supply, infection, poor alignment

Question 23

Name 3 structural categories of joints

Answer 23

Cartilaginous, fibrous and synovial

Question 24

Give an example of a ball & socket joint

Answer 24

Shoulder

Question 25

Example of a hinge joint

Answer 25

Elbow

Question 26

Example of a gliding joint

Answer 26

Sternoclavicular

Question 27

Example of a pivot joint

Answer 27

Atlantoaxial

Question 28

Example of ellipsoid joint

Answer 28

Radiocarpal

Question 29

Example of a saddle joint

Answer 29

Thumb

Question 30

What are the different types of ossification?

Answer 30

Intramembranous and endochondral

Question 31

Name the bones of the upper limb

Answer 31

Humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges

Question 32

Name the bones of the lower limb

Answer 32

Femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges