Skeletal System 2 Flashcards
What minerals do bone tissue stores?
calcium and phosphorus
blood cell formation in red bone marrow
hematopoiesis
Radius, ulna are examples of?
long bone
capitate and talus are examples of?
short bones
scapula and sternum are examples of ?
Flat bones
sphenoid bone and vertebra bones are example of?
Irregular bones
reduces friction and absorbs shock at movable joints
articular cartilage
made of fibrous connective tissue and contains blood vessels and nerves that enter the bone
periosteum
what part of the periosteum attaches or merges to the tendons?
collagen fibers
it contains the yellow marrow
medullary cavity
what lines or covers the medullary cavity.
endosteum
found mostly in short, flat,
& irregular bones
makes up bulk of
epiphyses of bones
Spongy bones
irregular lattices of
thin bone columns (“honeycomb”)
trabeculae
what is the extracellular matrix of the bone?
minerals and collagen fibers
spaces occupied by their processes or extensions
canaliculi
spaces occupied by their cell bodies
lacunae
basic structural unit of compact bone
Haversian system or osteon
runs parallel along long axis of bone
osteon
contains blood vessels &
nerves that run along long axis of bone
central canal
circular layers of bone matrix
concentric lamellae
lie at right angles between the
central canal of each osteon
perforating canal
connect the blood & nerve supply of the periosteum to that of the central canals & the medullary cavity
perforating canal
the process of forming flat bones of the skull & mandible
intramembraneous ossification
the process of forming bone from cartilage
endochondral ossification
needed for normal activity of
osteoblasts
vitamin A
needed for collagen synthesis
vitamin C
When the calcium is high what gland is responsible for returning it back to normal.
Thyroid gland that secretes calcitonin
When the calcium is low, what gland is responsible?
Parathyroid hormone
immovable joint
synarthrosis
slightly movable joint
amphiarthrosis
freely movable joint
diarthrosis
provides a smooth surface
articular cartilage
made of fibrous connective tissue
• encloses the joint
in a strong sheath, like a sleeve
joint capsule
secretes a thick & slippery fluid, the synovial fluid
synovial membrane
small sacs of synovial fluid between the joint & the tendons that cross over the joint
bursae