Skeletal System Flashcards
Sheet of fibrous connective tissue that connect or articulate bones across joints
Ligaments
What are the two divisions of the skeleton
Axial and Appendicular
How many bones are there in axial skeleton
80
How many bones are there in appendicular skeleton?
126
What consists the appendicular skeleton
Upper and lower, shoulder girdle, pelvic girdle
What are the cranial bones?
Frontal, parietal (2) , temporal (2) , occipital , sphenoid, ethmoid
Immovable joints
Sutures
Form the sides and the roof of the cranium
Parietal bones
Forms the lower side of the cranium
Temporal
Canal that leads to the middle ear
External auditory meatus
Rounded projection posterior and inferior to the external auditory meatus
Mastoid process
A depression which articulates with the mandible
Mandibular fossa
Opening where the brain connects to the spinal cord
Foramen magnum
Round prominence of the bone
Condyle
A round process which articulates with the first cervical vertebra or the atlas
Occipital condyle
Keystone of the cranium
Sphenoid bone
Depression which encloses pituitary gland
Sella turcica
Drains into the nasal cavity
Sphenoidal sinuses
Anterior to sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
A ridge on the superior portion of the ethmoid bone; attaches to the meninges
Crystal galli
Air spaces in the ethmoid bone
Ethmoid sinuses
Scroll like projections that warm, moisten & filter inhaled air
Superior and middle nasal conchae
Contains sockets for the roots of the upper teeth
Maxillae
Forms the hard palate
Maxillae
Posterior to the hard palate
Palatine bones
Largest strongest and only movable facial bone
Mandible
Plow shaped bone
Vomer
Articulates with ethmoid bone
Vomer
Join with mandibular fossa and form the temporomandibular joint
Condyloid process
Articulates with maxilla, frontal, temporal
Zygomatic bone
Smallest and thinnest facial bone
Lacrimal
Vomer forms what lower part?
Nasal septum
Suture of the parietal and occipital bone
Lambdoid suture
Suture between parietal and temporal
Squamous
Area of fibrous connective between bones of the skull
Fontanels
How many years do fontanel closes
After 2 years
What is found in the sphenoid, frontal, ethmoid, maxillary bones?
Paranasal sinuses
Produces mucus, lighten the skull, echo chambers for speech
Sinuses
Smallest bone
Stapes or stirrup
What are the three pairs of tiny bones
Malleus, incus, stapes
U shaped bone located in the neck between mandible and the larynx
Hyoid bone
How many bones are there in the vertebral column
26
Protects the spinal cord
Vertebral column
How many bones are there in cervical vertebrae
7
Connects with occipital condyles
Atlas
C2?
Axis
Forms a privet joint with atlas which permits the head to move side to side
Dens or odontological process
C7? It is spinous process that can be seen and felt through the skin
Vertebra prominens
Have facets articulating with ribs
Thoracic vertebrae
How many bones are there in the thoracic vertebrae
12
Largest and strongest bones of the spine
Lumbar vertebrae
How many bones are fused in the sacrum
5
Forms posterior wall of the pelvis
Sacrum
Openings in the sacrum where nerves and blood vessels pass through
Sacral foramina
A landmark for measuring the pelvis prior to childbirth
Sacral promontory
Where sacrum articulates with the hip bones
Sacroiliac joints
A site where anesthesia is injected for an epidural block
Sacral hiatus
Cervical: concave or convex?
Concave
Thoracic: concave or convex?
Convex
Sacral: concave or convex
Convex
Lumbar: concave or convex
Concave
Exaggeration of the thoracic curve: humpback appearance
Kyphosis
Sway back: exaggeration of the lumbar curve
Lordosis
Lateral curvature which spine leans one side more than the other
Scoliosis
A landmark used to locate deltoid injection site
Acromion process
It connects humerus to form a ball and socket joint
Glenoid fossa
How many bones are there in the upper limb
30
Rough, v-shaped area at middle of shaft; point of attachment for deltoid muscle
Deltoid tuberosity
A rounded knob which articulates with the head of radius
Capitulum
A surface on distal and medial which articulates with ulna
Trochlea
Proximal end which forms prominence of the elbow
Olecranon process
prominent projection in the femur; a landmark used to locate intramuscular injection sites
Greater trochanter
Largest foramen in the skeleton
Obturator foramen
Large hole between pubis and ischium
Obturator foramen
