Skeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

Components of skeletal system

A

Bones, cartilage, connective tissue to stablize of connect bones, ligaments and joints

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2
Q

Primary function of the skeletal system

A
  • Structural support for the entire body
  • storage of minerals and lipids
  • blood cell production by red bone marrow
  • protection of soft tissues and organs
  • leverage for body movements
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3
Q

General shape of bones

A

Long bones
short bones
flat bones
irregular bones

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4
Q

What is a long bone and give an example

A

longer than they are wide
bones of limbs (femur in legs, humerus in arms)

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5
Q

what is a short bone and give an example

A

width and length are roughly equal
bones of wrist (carple bones)

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6
Q

what is a flat bone and give an example

A

thin and relatively broad
shoulder blades (breast bone, ribs, skull bones, hip bone)

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7
Q

irregular bones

A

complex shape
vertebrae, facial bones (maxillary, zygomatic etc

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8
Q

two parts of the skeleton and the number of bones each has

A

axial (longitudinal axial of our body) 80 bones

appendicular (attaches limbs to trunk) 126 bones

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9
Q

Types of bones in the axial skelton

A

skull
vertebral column
thoracic cage

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10
Q

Name of bones in skull

A

Occipital
Parietal
temporal
mandible
nasal
frontal
zygomatic
maxillary
sphenoid (butterfly bone)
ethmoid (voldermort)
lacrimal
palatine

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11
Q

Name the four sinus in the skull

A

Frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal, maxillary

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12
Q

How many bones in the vertebral column and the different regions

A

26
C1 to 7 (cervical)
T 1 to 12 (throatic)
L1 to 4 (lumbar)
sacral

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13
Q

Function of vertebral column

A

Provides support,
-by bearing weight of head, neck and trunk and transfers weight to appendicular skeleton and lower limbs
-protect spinal cord
-maintain upright body posistion wen sitting or standing

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14
Q

What does the thoracic cage consit of and the number of ribs it has

A

Thoracic vertebra
ribs
sternum

24

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15
Q

True and fake ribs number and which are the floating ribs

A

true ribs: 1-7
False ribs 8-12
floating ribs 11-12

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16
Q

True and fake ribs number and which are the floating ribs

A

true ribs: 1-7
False ribs 8-12
floating ribs 11-12

17
Q

Function of thoracic cage

A

-support the thoracic cavity
-protects heart, lung and other internal organs
-attachment base for muscles involved in respiration

18
Q

what is the appendicular system made of

A

pectoral girdles (bony ring)
upper limbs
pelvic girdles
lower limbs

19
Q

What happens to joint strength when mobility increases

A

joing strength decreases

20
Q

Where are joints found

A

exist wherever two boens meet

21
Q

Type of joint movements

A

gliding
angular movemnt
rotation
speical movements

22
Q

What is gliding (joint movement) and give an example

A

when two (flat) surfaces (of bones) slide past each other
(carples, tarsals)
very slight movement

23
Q

Three types of posteior- anterior angular movement

A

Flexion
-reduces angle between elements
Extension
-increases amgle between elements
Hyperextension
-extension past anatomical position

24
Q

two type of frontal plane angular movement

A

abduction
-moves away from longitidunal axis (abducting means taking away)
adduction
-towards longtitudnal axis

25
What is the angular movement when moving your arm in a circle
circumduction
26
What is rotation (joint movement) and what are the two types
turning around longitudnal axis of the body Pronation (hand turn to face down, anticlockwise, internal rotation) Supination (hand turn to face up, clockwise, externa rotation)
27
Special movements and their names
Opposition: thumb movment toward finger or palm, grasping protraction: move anteriorly in horizontal plane, pushing forward retraction: pulling back elevation: move in superior direction, up depression: down
28
What are the name of joints
ball and socket: hip bone hinge joint Sutural join: connects bones of skin and face